Cold and Chilled Storage Technology

C.V.J. Dellino (Autor)

Buch | Softcover

334 Seiten

2011 | Second Edition 1997
Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
978-1-4612-8430-7 (ISBN)

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The first edition of Cold and Chilled Storage Technology was prepared at a time when great changes were taking place in the industry that were hard to put into clear perspective. For example, the CFClozone layer problem was identified, the Montreal Protocol was signed and experts from many disci plines were already proposing 'solutions' to the problems seen at the time. Not only were there the usual differences in approach to the problems, there were different understandings of the problems themselves. For in stance, some authoritative voices were saying HCFC 22 was 'part of the solution, not part of the problem' and recommending it as the main refrig erant for the future, others said the opposite. As editor, I have taken the view that this should be a 'reference book' and, as such, it should contain information that points in the direction of tried and proven good practice. To avoid the risk of misdirecting readers, I decided that the CFC issue was too unclear to be usefully discussed in the first edition and left it out altogether. This was the main criticism of the first edition at the time of its publication but, in view of the developments since then, I stand by my decision to avoid premature comment in that instance. The matter is discussed in this edition in Chapters 4 and 7, which include summaries of other related factors, in a way that was certainly not possible in 1989.

1 The cold storage chain.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Bulk stores and associated services.- 1.3 Distribution depots.- 1.4 Distribution vehicles.- 2 Controlled atmosphere storage.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 History.- 2.3 Definitions.- 2.4 Produce storage conditions.- 2.5 Ethylene.- 2.6 Pre-storage chemical treatment.- 2.7 Storage rooms.- 2.8 Expansion bags.- 2.9 Store leakage specifications.- 2.10 Refrigeration.- 2.11 Humidity and water loss.- 2.12 CA machinery selection.- 2.13 Oxygen removal.- 2.14 Carbon dioxide removal.- 2.15 Ethylene removal.- 2.16 Instrumentation.- 2.17 Gas sampling systems.- 2.18 Store atmosphere control.- 2.19 Automatic control.- 2.20 Regulations.- 2.21 Safety.- 2.22 Store operating practice.- 2.23 Distribution of CA produce.- 2.24 Future developments.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 3 Automated cold stores.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 ‘Push’ model supply chain.- 3.3 ‘Pull’ model supply chain.- 3.4 Tools and barriers.- 3.5 Changing expectations.- 3.6 Changing technology.- 3.7 Base level cold/chilled considerations.- 3.8 Case-handling technologies.- 3.9 Unit load technologies.- 3.10 Future technologies.- 3.11 Case handling HDDS.- 3.12 Unit load HDDS.- Reference.- 4 Refrigerant choice and energy use.- 4.1 General background leading up to the adoption of CFCs.- 4.2 Ozone depletion and global warming.- 4.3 Total equivalent warming impact.- 4.4 Temperature glide.- 4.5 Refrigerant nomenclature.- 4.6 HCFCs as interim solutions.- 4.7 HFCs as the original long-term solution.- 4.8 Environmental problems associated with HFCs.- 4.9 Natural refrigerants and ‘not in kind’ technologies.- 4.10 Absorption.- 4.11 Air-cycle refrigeration.- 4.12 Water vapour.- 4.13 Carbon dioxide.- 4.14 Hydrocarbons.- 4.15 Ammonia.- 4.16 Secondary refrigerants.- 4.17 Refrigerantsbeyond the crisis.- 4.18 Indirect global warming and energy conservation.- 4.19 Energy conservation for cold stores.- 4.20 Conclusions.- 5 Store insulation.- 5.1 Historical background.- 5.2 Modern developments.- 5.3 Insulation materials.- 5.4 Insulation applications.- 5.5 Types of cold store panel.- 5.6 Present-day design criteria.- 5.7 Internal pressure relief valves.- 5.8 The importance of vapour seals.- 5.9 Thermal bowing.- 5.10 Construction methods.- 5.11 Underfloor heating.- 5.12 Specification for internal floor finishes.- 5.13 Insulated doors.- 5.14 Erection plant.- 5.15 Technical data.- 5.16 Regulations and standards.- 5.17 Current development trends.- 6 Cold store doors.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Air infiltration.- 6.3 Door construction.- 6.4 Automation.- 6.5 Controls.- 6.6 Installation.- 6.7 Protection.- 6.8 Special doors.- 6.9 Safety and maintenance.- 6.10 Conclusions.- 7 Refrigeration plant.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Refrigeration systems.- 7.3 Power comparisons and running costs.- 7.4 Use of waste heat.- 7.5 Defrosting methods.- 7.6 Monitoring and controls.- 7.7 Maintenance.- 7.8 Current development trends.- 7.9 Safety and quality.- 7.10 Reacting to the environmental challenge.- 8 Electrical installations.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Electricity: the starting point.- 8.3 Control systems: computerised refrigeration.- 8.4 Lighting: comfort and safety.- 8.5 Alarm systems: protecting life and property.- 8.6 Cold store installations: specific requirements.- 8.7 Conclusion.- 9 Racking systems.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Standards.- 9.3 Basic unit of storage.- 9.4 Storage concepts.- 9.5 Comparisons of racking systems.- 10 Mechanical handling.- 10.1 Today’s market.- 10.2 Cold store operation.- 10.3 Trucks for all reasons.- 10.4 Lifecycle cost-efficiency.- 10.5 Casestudies.- 10.6 Ergonomics.- 10.7 Communications.- 10.8 Rental benefits.- 10.9 The future.- 11 Vehicle movement and loading bay design.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Vehicle movement.- 11.3 Loading dock height.- 11.4 Temperature control.- 11.5 Buffers, restraints and doors.- 11.6 Ancillary equipment.- 11.7 The loading bay as a total package.- 11.8 The total package loading bay.- Further reading.

Zusatzinfo	XVIII, 334 p.
Verlagsort	New York, NY
Sprache	englisch
Maße	155 x 235 mm
Themenwelt	Technik ► Lebensmitteltechnologie
ISBN-10	1-4612-8430-9 / 1461284309
ISBN-13	978-1-4612-8430-7 / 9781461284307
Zustand	Neuware