Physics, Volume I
Pearson
978-0-13-196392-4 (ISBN)
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Contents
Applications in the Text xxi
Preface: To the Instructor xxv
Preface: To the Student xxxix
Guide to Features of the Text xl
1 Introduction to Physics 1
1-1 Physics and the Laws of Nature 2
1-2 Units of Length, Mass, and Time 2
1-3 Dimensional Analysis 4
1-4 Significant Figures 5
1-5 Converting Units 8
1-6 Order-of-Magnitude Calculations 10
1-7 Scalars and Vectors 11
1-8 Problem Solving in Physics 11
Chapter Summary 13
Conceptual Questions 14
Conceptual Exercises 14
Problems 14
PART I MECHANICS
2 One-Dimensional Kinematics 17
2-1 Position, Distance, and Displacement 18
2-2 Average Speed and Velocity 19
2-3 Instantaneous Velocity 23
2-4 Acceleration 25
2-5 Motion with Constant Acceleration 29
2-6 Applications of the Equations of Motion 35
2-7 Freely Falling Objects 37
Chapter Summary 43
Problem-Solving Summary 45
Conceptual Questions 46
Conceptual Exercises 46
Problems 47
3 Vectors in Physics 57
3-1 Scalars Versus Vectors 58
3-2 The Components of a Vector 58
3-3 Adding and Subtracting Vectors 63
3-4 Unit Vectors 66
3-5 Position, Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration Vectors 67
3-6 Relative Motion 71
Chapter Summary 73
Problem-Solving Summary 74
Conceptual Questions 74
Conceptual Exercises 75
Problems 75
4 Two-Dimensional Kinematics 81
4-1 Motion in Two Dimensions 82
4-2 Projectile Motion: Basic Equations 85
4-3 Zero Launch Angle 86
4-4 General Launch Angle 91
4-5 Projective Motion: Key Characteristics 95
Chapter Summary 99
Problem-Solving Summary 101
Conceptual Questions 101
Conceptual Exercises 102
Problems 103
5 Newton’s Laws of Motion 109
5-1 Force and Mass 110
5-2 Newton’s First Law of Motion 110
5-3 Newton’s Second Law of Motion 112
5-4 Newton’s Third Law of Motion 120
5-5 The Vector Nature of Forces: Forces in Two Dimensions 123
5-6 Weight 126
5-7 Normal Forces 130
Chapter Summary 134
Problem-Solving Summary 135
Conceptual Questions 135
Conceptual Exercises 137
Problems 138
6 Applications of Newton’s Laws 143
6-1 Frictional Forces 144
6-2 Strings and Springs 152
6-3 Translational Equilibrium 156
6-4 Connected Objects 160
6-5 Circular Motion 164
Chapter Summary 169
Problem-Solving Summary 170
Conceptual Questions 170
Conceptual Exercises 171
Problems 172
7 Work and Kinetic Energy 179
7-1 Work Done by a Constant Force 180
7-2 Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Theorem 186
7-3 Work Done by a Variable Force 190
7-4 Power 195
Chapter Summary 197
Problem-Solving Summary 198
Conceptual Questions 199
Conceptual Exercises 199
Problems 200
8 Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy 205
8-1 Conservative and Nonconservative Forces 206
8-2 Potential Energy and the Work Done by Conservative Forces 209
8-3 Conservation of Mechanical Energy 215
8-4 Work Done by Nonconservative Forces 223
8-5 Potential Energy Curves and Equipotentials 228
Chapter Summary 231
Problem-Solving Summary 232
Conceptual Questions 232
Conceptual Exercises 233
Problems 234
9 Linear Momentum and Collisions 241
9-1 Linear Momentum 242
9-2 Momentum and Newton’s Second Law 244
9-3 Impulse 245
9-4 Conservation of Linear Momentum 249
9-5 Inelastic Collisions 254
9-6 Elastic Collisions 260
9-7 Center of Mass 265
*9-8 Systems with Changing Mass: Rocket Propulsion 270
Chapter Summary 272
Problem-Solving Summary 274
Conceptual Questions 274
Conceptual Exercises 275
Problems 276
10 Rotational Kinematics and Energy 283
10-1 Angular Position, Velocity, and Acceleration 284
10-2 Rotational Kinematics 288
10-3 Connections Between Linear and Rotational Quantities 291
10-4 Rolling Motion 296
10-5 Rotational Kinetic Energy and the Moment of Inertia 297
10-6 Conservation of Energy 301
Chapter Summary 306
Problem-Solving Summary 308
Conceptual Questions 309
Conceptual Exercises 309
Problems 310
11 Rotational Dynamics and Static Equilibrium 317
11-1 Torque 318
11-2 Torque and Angular Acceleration 321
11-3 Zero Torque and Static Equilibrium 325
11-4 Center of Mass and Balance 332
11-5 Dynamic Applications of Torque 335
11-6 Angular Momentum 337
11-7 Conservation of Angular Momentum 340
11-8 Rotational Work and Power 345
*11-9 The Vector Nature of Rotational Motion 346
Chapter Summary 348
Problem-Solving Summary 350
Conceptual Questions 350
Conceptual Exercises 350
Problems 352
12 Gravity 360
12-1 Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation 361
12-2 Gravitational Attraction of Spherical Bodies 364
12-3 Kepler’s Laws of Orbital Motion 369
12-4 Gravitational Potential Energy 376
12-5 Energy Conservation 379
*12-6 Tides 386
Chapter Summary 388
Problem-Solving Summary 390
Conceptual Questions 390
Conceptual Exercises 390
Problems 391
13 Oscillations About Equilibrium 396
13-1 Periodic Motion 397
13-2 Simple Harmonic Motion 398
13-3 Connections Between Uniform Circular Motion and Simple Harmonic Motion 401
13-4 The Period of a Mass on a Spring 407
13-5 Energy Conservation in Oscillatory Motion 411
13-6 The Pendulum 414
13-7 Damped Oscillations 420
13-8 Driven Oscillations and Resonance 421
Chapter Summary 423
Problem-Solving Summary 425
Conceptual Questions 425
Conceptual Exercises 426
Problems 427
14 Waves and Sound 433
14-1 Types of Waves 434
14-2 Waves on a String 436
*14-3 Harmonic Wave Functions 439
14-4 Sound Waves 440
14-5 Sound Intensity 444
14-6 The Doppler Effect 449
14-7 Superposition and Interference 455
14-8 Standing Waves 458
14-9 Beats 466
Chapter Summary 468
Problem-Solving Summary 470
Conceptual Questions 470
Conceptual Exercises 470
Problems 471
15 Fluids 479
15-1 Density 480
15-2 Pressure 480
15-3 Static Equilibrium in Fluids: Pressure and Depth 484
15-4 Archimedes’ Principle and Buoyancy 489
15-5 Applications of Archimedes’ Principle 491
15-6 Fluid Flow and Continuity 496
15-7 Bernoulli’s Equation 498
15-8 Applications of Bernoulli’s Equation 501
*15-9 Viscosity and Surface Tension 504
Chapter Summary 507
Problem-Solving Summary 509
Conceptual Questions 509
Conceptual Exercises 510
Problems 511
PART II THERMAL PHYSICS
16 Temperature and Heat 517
16-1 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 518
16-2 Temperature Scales 519
16-3 Thermal Expansion 523
16-4 Heat and Mechanical Work 529
16-5 Specific Heats 531
16-6 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation 534
Chapter Summary 542
Problem-Solving Summary 544
Conceptual Questions 544
Conceptual Exercises 545
Problems 546
17 Phases and Phase Changes 551
17-1 Ideal Gases 552
17-2 Kinetic Theory 558
17-3 Solids and Elastic Deformation 563
17-4 Phase Equilibrium and Evaporation 568
17-5 Latent Heats 574
17-6 Phase Changes and Energy Conservation 577
Chapter Summary 579
Problem-Solving Summary 581
Conceptual Questions 581
Conceptual Exercises 582
Problems 582
18 The Laws of Thermodynamics 588
18-1 The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 589
18-2 The First Law of Thermodynamics 589
18-3 Thermal Processes 594
18-4 Specific Heats for an Ideal Gas: Constant Pressure, Constant Volume 599
18-5 The Second Law of Thermodynamics 603
18-6 Heat Engines and the Carnot Cycle 603
18-7 Refrigerators, Air Conditioners, and Heat Pumps 607
18-8 Entropy 611
18-9 Order, Disorder, and Entropy 615
18-10 The Third Law of Thermodynamics 617
Chapter Summary 618
Problem-Solving Summary 620
Conceptual Questions 620
Conceptual Exercises 621
Problems 622
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 15.9.2006 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 214 x 278 mm |
| Gewicht | 1440 g |
| Themenwelt | Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie |
| ISBN-10 | 0-13-196392-9 / 0131963929 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-13-196392-4 / 9780131963924 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
| Informationen gemäß Produktsicherheitsverordnung (GPSR) | |
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