The Rediscovery of Synchronous Reluctance and Ferrite Permanent Magnet Motors (eBook)

Tutorial Course Notes

Gianmario Pellegrino, Thomas M. Jahns, Nicola Bianchi, Wen Soong, Francesco Cupertino (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2016 | 1. Auflage
VIII, 142 Seiten
Springer-Verlag
978-3-319-32202-5 (ISBN)

Infos

This book offers an essential compendium on the analysis and design of synchronous motors for variable-speed applications. Focusing on synchronous reluctance and ferrite permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous reluctance machines, it provides a broad perspective on three-phase machines for variable speed applications, a field currently dominated by asynchronous machines and rare-earth PM synchronous machines. It also describes synchronous reluctance machines and PM machines without rare-earth materials, comparing them to state-of-the-art solutions. The book provides readers with extensive information on and finite element models of PM synchronous machines, including all relevant equations and with an emphasis on synchronous-reluctance and PM-assisted synchronous-reluctance machines. It covers ferrite-assisted machines, modeled as a subcase of PM-assistance, fractional slot combinations solutions, and a quantitative, normalized comparison of torque capability with benchmark PM machines. The book discusses a wealth of techniques for identifying machine parameters, with an emphasis on self-commissioning algorithms, and presents methods for automated machine design and optimization, including a software tool developed for this purpose. Addressing an important gap in the field of PM-less and less-PM electrical machines, it is intended as a self-contained reference guide for both graduate students and professional machine designers, and as a useful text for university courses on automated and/or optimized design of electrical machines and drives.

Inhalt

Contents 6
1 Overview of PM/Reluctance Synchronous Machine Opportunities and Challenges 10
Abstract 10
1.1 Introduction 11
1.2 Rare-Earth Magnet Price Volatility 12
1.3 Historical Perspectives on Synchronous Machines and Drives 14
1.3.1 PM Synchronous Machines 14
1.3.2 Synchronous Reluctance Machines 19
1.3.3 PM to Reluctance Machine Continuum 23
1.3.4 Flux Weakening for Wide Constant-Power Speed Ranges 26
1.3.5 PM Machines with Fractional-Slot Concentrated Windings 29
1.4 Summary Comparisons of PM and Synchronous Reluctance Machines 31
1.5 Overview of Book Contents 32
1.6 Concluding Remarks 33
References 34
2 Synchronous Reluctance and PM Assisted Reluctance Motors 36
Abstract 36
2.1 Introduction 36
2.2 The Synchronous Reluctance Motor 37
2.2.1 Computation of the Torque 40
2.2.2 Segregation of the REL and PM Torque Components 41
2.2.3 Vector Diagram of the REL Motor 42
2.2.4 Power Factor of the REL Machine 42
2.3 Saturation Effects 44
2.3.1 Torque Ripple, Mean Torque and Power and Power Factor 45
2.4 The PM Assistance 46
2.4.1 Performance Comparison Between REL and PMAREL Motor 47
2.4.2 Optimal PM Flux Linkage 48
2.5 Comparison Between Predictions and Measurements 51
2.6 Vector Control 54
2.6.1 Maximum Torque–Per–Ampere Control 55
2.6.2 Flux Weakening Control 55
2.7 Sensorless Technique by Means of High Frequency Voltage Injection 55
2.8 Torque Ripple 57
2.9 Replacing Rare–Earth PMs 60
2.10 Fractional-Slot Winding Configurations 61
2.11 Conclusions 64
Acknowledgments 64
References 64
3 PM Machine Modelling and Design 67
Abstract 67
3.1 Sizing of Electrical Machines 67
3.1.1 Rotor Volume and Shear Stress 68
3.1.2 Electric Loading 69
3.1.3 Magnetic Loading 70
3.1.4 Effect of Slot Width Ratio 70
3.1.5 Rotor Diameter 72
3.1.6 Stator Slot Diameter 73
3.1.7 Stator Outside Diameter and Number of Poles 74
3.2 Ferrite Versus NdFeB Case Study 75
3.3 Synchronous Reluctance Versus PM Machines 78
3.4 Ideal Synchronous Reluctance Case Study 79
3.5 Conclusions 82
References 83
4 Identification of PM Synchronous Machines Parameters for Design and Control Purposes 84
Abstract 84
4.1 Introduction 85
4.2 Synchronous Machines Types and Modelling Approaches 85
4.2.1 Dynamic Model of PM Synchronous Machines 85
4.2.2 Current-Based Model 86
4.2.3 PM and Reluctance Torque Components 88
4.2.4 Combinations of PM and Reluctance: The IPM Design Plane 88
4.2.5 When Superposition Holds or Not: Example Designs 89
4.2.6 Flux Linkage Maps of the Three Machines 91
4.3 Evaluation of PM Flux, Apparent and Incremental Inductances 93
4.3.1 Incremental Inductances 93
4.3.2 Apparent Inductances: Singularities at Id = 0 94
4.3.3 Solution of the Singularity 95
4.3.4 Temperature Effect 96
4.3.5 Conclusion 97
4.4 Magnetic Model Identification 97
4.4.1 Identification via Finite Element Analysis 98
4.4.2 Experimental Identification: Traditional Standstill Methods 99
4.4.3 Frequency-Response Method 100
4.4.4 Time-Domain Methods 101
4.4.5 PM Flux Linkage Identification 102
4.4.6 Inverter Based Methods 102
4.4.7 Standstill Identification, Including Cross Saturation 102
4.4.8 Constant-Speed Identification 104
4.4.9 Elimination of Voltage Measurements, Rs I Voltage and FFT 106
4.4.10 Self-commissioning Methods 108
4.4.11 Self-commissioning at Free Shaft 109
4.4.12 Self-commissioning at Standstill 110
4.5 Conclusion 112
Acknowledgments 113
References 113
5 Automated Design of Synchronous Reluctance Motors 115
Abstract 115
5.1 Parameterization of Synchronous Reluctance (SyR) Machine Geometry 115
5.1.1 Stator Parameters 115
5.1.2 Rotor Parameters 116
5.1.2.1 Circular Rotor Geometry 117
5.1.2.2 Segmented Rotor Geometry 118
5.1.2.3 Fluid Shaped Rotor Geometry 119
5.1.3 Non-geometric Parameters 121
5.1.4 Radial Rib Sizing 121
5.2 Critical Settings for Finite Element Simulation 122
5.3 Optimization Algorithms (MOOAs) 125
5.3.1 Differential Evolution Algorithm 126
5.3.2 Multi-objective Algorithms 127
5.4 Automated Design of Synchronous Reluctance Machines 128
5.4.1 Case Study 128
5.4.2 Test Bench 129
5.4.3 Choice of the Objective Function 130
5.4.4 Reduction of Computational Time 130
5.4.5 Differential Evolution Settings 133
5.4.6 Results 134
5.4.7 Conclusion 137
5.5 SyR-e: An Open-Source Platform for Synchronous Reluctance Machine Design 137
5.5.1 Input Data 139
5.5.2 Optimization and Post Processing 140
5.6 Conclusion 141
References 142

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 28.4.2016
• Reihe/Serie: SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering
• Zusatzinfo: VIII, 136 p. 129 illus., 47 illus. in color.
• Verlagsort: Cham
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Schlagworte: Electrical Machine Design • Electromagnetic Torque • Fea-Based Multi-Objective Optimization • Fractional-Slot Windings • Permanent Magnet • PM Assistance • PM Machines Testing • Rotor Design • Segregation of Reluctance • Self-Commissioning Algorithms • Sensorless control • Tutorial ECCE 2014
• ISBN-10: 3-319-32202-8 / 3319322028
• ISBN-13: 978-3-319-32202-5 / 9783319322025