ABC of Common Soft Tissue Disorders (eBook)

Francis Morris, Jim Wardrope, Paul Hattam (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2016
John Wiley & Sons (Verlag)
978-1-118-79976-5 (ISBN)

Infos

Soft tissue problems are very common, with one in four people at any one time suffering with a musculoskeletal disorder. ABC of Soft Tissue Disorders is a practical, fully illustrated guide to their assessment and treatment.
Structured by body part, each chapter provides guidance on assessment, treatment and management, and covers common conditions such as sprains and strains, tendinopathy, ligament injuries, and sciatica.  With particular focus on shoulders, back and knee problems (reflecting the frequency and complexity of problems in these parts of the body), it provides guidance on the essential history and examination required to reach an accurate diagnosis.
Written by an expert author team, ABC of Soft Tissue Disorders is important reading for all general practitioners, nurse practitioners, junior doctors and medical students working in a range of settings, including emergency, minor injury departments, as well as in orthopaedics and rheumatology.

Francis Morris, Consultant in Emergency Medicine, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK

Jim Wardrope, Emeritus Consultant in Emergency Medicine, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK

Paul Hattam, Principal Physiotherapist & Director, The Physios, Sheffield, UK

---

ABC of Common Soft Tissue Disorders Soft tissue problems are very common, with one in four people at any one time suffering with a musculoskeletal disorder. ABC of Common Soft Tissue Disorders is a practical, fully illustrated guide to their assessment and treatment. Structured by body part, each chapter provides guidance on assessment, treatment and management, and covers common conditions such as sprains and strains, tendinopathy, ligament injuries and sciatica. With particular focus on shoulders, back and knee problems (reflecting the frequency and complexity of problems in these parts of the body), it provides guidance on the essential history and examination required to reach an accurate diagnosis. Written by an expert author team, ABC of Common Soft Tissue Disorders is important reading for all general practitioners, nurse practitioners, junior doctors and medical students working in a range of settings, including emergency and minor injury departments, as well as in orthopaedics and rheumatology.

Inhalt

Cover 1
Title Page 5
Copyright 6
Contents 7
List of Contributors 9
Chapter 1 Introduction to Musculoskeletal Medicine 11
Introduction 11
Structure and function: the body as a machine 11
The skeleton 11
Joints 11
Muscles and tendons 11
Nerves 12
Functions and stresses 13
Effects of age, other morbidity, drugs and training 14
Structured assessment 14
Mechanism of injury: trauma versus non-trauma 15
Symptoms and progress of the symptoms 15
Previous injury/problems 16
Past medical history including drugs and allergy 16
Occupation, sport and hobbies 16
Examination 16
General exam 16
Limb problems 16
Indications for investigations 16
X-rays 17
Computed tomography (CT) scanning 18
Ultrasound and MR scanning 18
Other tests 18
Types of injury and treatment 18
Muscle body 18
Joint injury 19
Dislocation 19
Loose body 19
Nerve injury/compression 19
Non-injury diagnosis and treatment 20
Non-articular rheumatism 20
Arthopathy 20
Overuse syndromes 20
Tumour/pathological fractures 21
Complex regional pain syndrome/neural pain 21
Chapter 2 Soft Tissue Problems of the Neck 22
Whiplash-associated disorders 22
Incidence 22
Etiology 22
Clinical picture 22
Imaging 22
Treatment 23
Prognosis 23
Acute torticollis 23
Clinical picture 23
Imaging 23
Treatment 24
Cervical disc degeneration and related conditions 24
Pathophysiology 25
Clinical picture 25
History 25
Examination 27
Imaging 27
Treatment 27
Prognosis 28
Chapter 3 Back Pain 29
Introduction 29
Types of back pain 29
Anatomy 29
Thoracic back pain 29
Mechanical lower back pain 30
Cauda equina syndrome 30
Prolapsed intervertebral disc 30
Non-mechanical and referred causes of back pain 30
Other causes of back pain to consider 30
Red flags in back pain 31
Systemic and psychological factors in back pain 31
Fibromyalgia 31
History and examination 32
History 32
Examination 32
Investigations 33
Treatment 33
Chapter 4 Shoulder: Sub-acromial Pathology 35
The rotator cuff 35
Sub-acromial impingement 36
History and examination 36
Primary: caused by pathology or injury to the cuff (usually in older age groups) 36
Secondary: caused by stability problems (usually in younger age groups) 36
Structural: caused by narrowing of the sub-acromial space 36
Investigations 37
Treatment 37
Rotator cuff tears 38
Causes 38
History and examination 38
Investigations 38
Treatment 39
Calcific tendonitis 40
Causes 40
History and examination 40
Investigations 40
Treatment 40
Long head of biceps disorders 40
Causes 40
History and examination 40
Investigations 40
Treatment 41
Chapter 5 Shoulder: The Articular Structures 43
Introduction 43
Labral injuries 43
Causes 43
History and examination 43
Investigations 44
Treatment 44
Shoulder instability 44
Causes 45
History 45
Examination 45
Investigations 45
Treatment 45
Frozen shoulder 46
Causes 46
History and examination 47
Investigations 47
Treatment 47
Neuralgic amyotrophy 47
Causes 47
History and examination 47
Investigations 48
Treatment 48
Suprascapular nerve palsy 48
Causes 48
History and examination 48
Investigations 48
Treatment 48
Chapter 6 Elbow 50
Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) 50
Introduction 50
Epidemiology 50
Clinical features 50
Differential diagnoses 50
Treatment 50
Medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow) 51
Introduction 51
Epidemiology 51
Clinical features 51
Differential diagnoses 51
Treatment 51
Pearls and pitfalls 51
Olecranon bursitis (student's/miner's elbow) 51
Introduction 51
Epidemiology 51
Clinical features 51
Differential diagnosis 51
Treatment 52
Pearls and pitfalls 52
Complete distal biceps rupture 52
Introduction 52
Epidemiology 52
Clinical features 52
Differential diagnosis 52
Treatment 52
Distal biceps tendinopathy 52
Introduction 52
Differential diagnosis 52
Treatment 53
Pearls and pitfalls 53
Ulnar neuritis (cubital tunnel syndrome) 53
Introduction 53
Clinical features 53
Differential diagnoses 54
Treatment 54
Pearls and pitfalls 54
Chapter 7 Soft Tissue Disorders at the Wrist 55
Basic anatomy 55
History 55
Examination 55
Carpal tunnel syndrome 56
Incidence 56
Basic anatomy 56
Cause 56
Diagnosis 56
Treatment 57
de Quervain's tenosynovitis 57
Anatomy 57
Cause 57
Diagnosis 57
Treatment 57
Intersection syndrome (oarsman's wrist) 58
Anatomy 58
Symptoms 58
Treatment 58
Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) pathology 58
Anatomy 58
Cause 58
Symptoms 58
Examination 58
Investigations 59
Treatment 59
Less common soft tissue disorders 59
Chapter 8 Soft Tissue Injuries of the Hand 60
Introduction 60
Tendon injuries at the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) 60
Mallet finger: rupture of the extensor tendon at the DIPJ 60
Jersey finger: rupture of the flexor tendon at the DIPJ 61
Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) injuries 61
Introduction 61
Management 61
Boutonniere injury 62
Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries of the thumb 63
Introduction 63
Management 63
Chapter 9 Common Soft Tissue Disorders of the Hip 65
Tendinopathies and muscle lesions 65
General principles of treatment 65
Common causes 65
Less common causes 65
Rare but important causes 65
Adductor tendinopathy 66
Module I (first 2 weeks) 66
Module II (from third week module II is done twice at each training session)
Hip flexor tendinopathy 66
Hamstring tendinopathy 67
Trochanteric tendinopathy and bursitis 68
Piriformis impingement 69
Other hip disorders 70
Meralgia paraesthetica 70
Acetabular labrum lesions/femoroacetabular impingement 71
Osteoarthritis of the hip 71
Chapter 10 Soft Tissue Knee Injuries 72
Introduction 72
The approach to knee injury and knee injury triage 72
History 72
Examination 72
Does the patient need an x-ray? 72
Triage of knee injury 72
Cruciate ligament injuries 72
ACL injuries 73
PCL injuries 74
Medial collateral ligament (MCL) 75
History 75
Examination 75
Treatment 75
Lateral collateral ligament (LCL) 76
History 76
Examination 76
Treatment 76
Medial meniscus and lateral meniscus 76
History 76
Examination 76
Treatment 76
Patellar dislocation 76
History 77
Examination 77
Treatment 77
Chapter 11 Non-traumatic Knee Problems 78
Anterior knee pain 78
History 78
Examination 78
Differential diagnosis 79
Treatment 79
Bursitis 79
Introduction 79
Clinical features 79
Differential diagnosis 80
Treatment 80
Quadriceps tendon rupture/patellar tendon rupture 80
Introduction 80
Clinical features 80
Treatment 80
Non-traumatic swollen knee 80
Introduction 80
Clinical features 80
Investigation 80
Differential diagnosis 81
Treatment 81
Chapter 12 Calf and Shin Problems 82
Introduction 82
Muscular injury 82
Achilles injuries/tendinopathy 82
Achilles tendinopathy 83
Treatment of Achilles rupture 84
Shin splints 84
Non-bony pathologies 85
Treatment of MTSS/shin splints 85
Common peroneal nerve injury 85
Baker's cyst 85
Bony pathologies 85
Chapter 13 Soft Tissue Injuries of the Ankle 87
Anatomy of the ankle joint 87
Lateral ligament complex 87
Medial ligament complex 87
Tibiofibular syndesmosis 87
Clinical assessment of the ankle joint 87
Ottawa Ankle Rules: do they work? 88
Lateral ligament complex injuries 89
Classification 89
Ligament testing for lateral ligament complex injuries 89
Anterior drawer test 89
Medial ligament complex injuries 90
Medial collateral ligament stress test 90
High (syndesmotic) ankle sprain 91
External rotation stress test 91
Ankle instability and chronic ankle pain 91
Treatment: interventions and rehabilitation 92
Acute/protected motion phase of rehabilitation 92
Progressive loading/sensorimotor training phase of rehabilitation 92
Chapter 14 The Foot 94
Plantar fasciitis 94
Introduction 94
Epidemiology 94
Clinical features 94
Differential diagnoses 94
Treatment 95
Metatarsalgia 95
Introduction 95
Epidemiology 95
Clinical features 95
Differential diagnoses 95
Treatment 95
Pearls and pitfalls 96
Extensor tendinopathy 96
Introduction 96
Epidemiology 96
Clinical features 96
Differential diagnoses 96
Treatment 96
Pearls and pitfalls 96
Tibialis posterior tendinopathy 96
Introduction 96
Epidemiology 96
Clinical features 97
Differential diagnoses 97
Treatment 97
Pearls and pitfalls 97
Stress fracture 97
Introduction 97
Epidemiology 97
Clinical features 97
Differential diagnoses 97
Treatment 97
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) 97
Introduction 97
Epidemiology 97
Clinical features 98
Treatment 98
Pearls and pitfalls 98
Index 99
EULA 102

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 8.3.2016
• Reihe/Serie: ABC Series
• Reihe/Serie: ABC Series
• Reihe/Serie: ABC Series
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Gesundheitswesen
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Allgemeinmedizin
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Orthopädie
• Schlagworte: Allgemeine u. Innere Medizin • Allgemeinpraxis, hausärztliche Praxis • Allgemeinpraxis, hausärztliche Praxis • Back • bruise • brusiing • discomfort • Fascia • General & Internal Medicine • General Practice/Family Practice • Knee • Ligament • <p>Soft • Medical Science • Medizin • Muscle • Musculoskeletal • Pain • sciatica • shoulders • Sportmedizin • sports medicine • sprains • strains • swelling • Tendinopathy • tendons • tissue • trauma</p> • Weichgewebe
• ISBN-10: 1-118-79976-3 / 1118799763
• ISBN-13: 978-1-118-79976-5 / 9781118799765