Colonial Diplomacy through Art

Jerusalem 1918–1926

Moya Tönnies (Autor)

Buch | Hardcover

411 Seiten

2024
Brill (Verlag)
978-90-04-70355-1 (ISBN)

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In this groundbreaking art historical study that centers on Jerusalem under British rule, Moya Tönnies investigates how individual colonial actors tried to influence official colonial policy. She shows how from an early stage onwards, Great Britain’s Jewish National Home policy divided government circles and policy makers in London and in the Middle East. She analyses how three members of the British administration of Palestine used art as a diplomatic sphere for the protection of Arab Palestinian heritage. Between 1918 and 1926, artist C. R. Ashbee, architect Ernest Tatham Richmond, and governor of Jerusalem Ronald Storrs, all three identifying with the International Arts and Crafts Movement, attempted to slow down and counteract the implementation of Zionist culture by emphasizing the Arab character of local cultural heritage. This included their attempts to facilitate the overdue restoration of the Dome of the Rock in order to discourage contemporary pronouncements calling for the rebuilding of the Third Temple. The Temple Mount dispute and numerous other art-related aspects within the historic Zionist-Arab conflict are meticulously researched. In her innovative approach, building on archive material and artefacts, the author illustrates the complexity of British rule in Palestine through the arts.

Moya Tönnies, Ph.D. in Art History, conducted research for this study as a member of the Department of History of Art and Architecture at Freie Universität Berlin. Previously trained in conservation at Camberwell School of Arts and Crafts, London, she specialises in the study of the Arts and Crafts Movement’s role during British colonialism in the Middle East and African countries.

Acknowledgements

Archives

List of Figures

Abbreviations

Introduction

1 Critical Colonialism as Counterpoint to the “War on Palestine”

2 Ashbee, Richmond, and Storrs in Scholarly Research

3 Three Methodological Revisions

4 Critical Colonialism as Counterculture

Part 1: Prerequisites 1833–1917

1 Discourses on the Demolition of Jerusalem

1 Vulnerable Jerusalem

2 The Dome of the Rock

3 Aesthetic Interest in Loosened Tiles

4 The Question of the Byzantine Origins of the Dome of the Rock

5 Systematic Knocking Down of the Dome of the Rock’s Façade

6 Plans for the Reconstruction of the Jewish Temple

2 English and Armenian Sensitivity to Middle Eastern Tiles

1 Frederick Leighton and William De Morgan

2 Mark Sykes and David Ohannessian

3 C. R. Ashbee and the Preservation Movement

4 Ronald Storrs and the Souls

5 The Friendship of Storrs and Ernest Tatham Richmond

1 “The Weighing of Souls”

2 Somers Clarke’s Teaching

3 Richmond’s House in Zenin

4 Maison Storrs

5 T. E. Lawrence’s and Storrs’ Hejaz Stamps

6 Gertrude Bell and the Preservation of Baghdad’s Architecture

6 Early Stages of the Balfour Declaration

1 Warnings from the Arab Bureau in Cairo

2 Coming to Jerusalem

3 Focus on the Haram

4 Focus on the Jewish University

5 Storrs’ Initial Fundraising

6 Longing for Harry Cust

Part 2: Military Rule: “the Plastic Period” 1918–1919

7 Storrs’ Early Pro-Arab Advocacy

1 Obstructing Chaim Weizmann and the Zionist Commission

2 The Visit of the Muslim Orphans’ Theatre-Play

3 Military Display of Power on the Haram

4 Nabi Musa Celebration at the Governorate

8 Prohibitive Legislations

1 Improvement Acts

2 The Public Notice

3 The City of Jerusalem Town Planning Scheme

4 Authorship of the “McLean Plan”

5 The Artistic Aspect of the Map

6 The Foundation Stone-Laying of the Jewish University as Breach of the Status Quo

9 Forming an Organizational Agent: the Pro-Jerusalem Society

1 Storrs’ Struggle for Richmond’s Arrival

2 Muslim Funding

3 The Financial Need for the Pro-Jerusalem Council

4 The First Pro-Jerusalem Meetings

5 Local Support from the École biblique

6 Opposition from Zionist Archaeology

7 The City of Jerusalem Building Permits

8 Jerusalem’s Monuments historiques

9 Ashbee’s Signet of the Pro-Jerusalem Society

10 A Ceramic Workshop on the Haram

1 Beginnings in the Mufti’s Garden

2 Change Keeping the Dome of the Rock “Alive”

3 The Arrival of David Ohannessian

4 The Haram Workshop

5 The Foundation of the Haram Museum

6 Richmond’s Drawings of the Tiles

7 Politicising the Dome of the Rock’s Tiles

8 Geddes in Jerusalem

11 Een mozaïek

Part 3: Early Civil Rule: Hope and Estrangement 1920–1922

12 Embracing Herbert Samuel

1 Samuel’s Visit to Palestine

2 Richmond’s Anxieties

3 Competing British-Zionist Archaeology

4 Patronage from the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings

5 Samuel’s Staging as Impartial British Ruler

6 The “Fund for Restoration of Mosque of the Dome of the Rock at Jerusalem”

13 Ashbee’s Designs for Herbert Samuel’s Private Interior

1 Bonding with the Samuels

2 The Drawing Room

3 The Dining Room

4 The Transcultural Workshop

14 Ashbee’s Appeal to the Royal Family

1 The Arab Delegation

2 Aristocratic Support

3 The Ceramic Model of the Dome of the Rock

4 The Inscription as Message to Princess Mary

5 The Wedding-Gown

6 Princess Mary’s Reception of the Gifts

7 The Supreme Muslim Council’s Special Gift

15 Work under Early Civil Rule

1 The Ceramic Workshop’s Expulsion from the Haram

2 George Antonius and the Education Department

3 Alfred Mond and Arthur Holitscher in Jerusalem

4 The Ceramic Street Signs

5 Ashbee’s Principal Achievement

6 Ashbee’s Main Unfulfilled Plan

7 The Pro-Jerusalem Society in Art Criticism

Part 4: Early Mandate Rule: “the Rigid Period” 1923–1926

16 Richmond’s Entanglement with Muslim Notables

1 The Technical Department on the Haram

2 The Overdoor for the Office of the Supreme Muslim Council

3 The Museum on the Haram

4 Ashbee’s Analysis of the Role of Richmond

5 Richmond’s Sensation of British Imperial Guilt and Departure

17 The Monograph on the Dome of the Rock

1 Intention and Contents

2 Publication History

3 Distribution History

4 Scholarly Reception

18 After the Separation

1 Reactions to Ashbee’s Palestine Notebook

2 The Government of Palestine Seal

3 The Stamps of Palestine

4 Advocacy in London

5 The General Map of Jerusalem

6 The Ceramic School without Ashbee

7 The Street Signs After Ashbee

8 The Inauguration of the Hebrew University

19 Storrs and the “Preachers of Assimilation to the Arabs”

1 Jewish-Palestinian Identity as Seen by Weisl

2 Competing with the Keren Kayemeth and the Keren Hayesod

3 Reuven Rubin

4 David Bomberg

5 Jaacov Benor-Kalter

6 Jacob Israël de Haan

7 Storrs and the Palestine Architectural Association

20 Finale: Withdrawal to British Christian Institutions

1 The Anglican Cathedral of St George

2 The Chapel of St John

3 The Ophthalmic Hospital of the Order of St John of Jerusalem

4 The Pilgrimage of the Order of St John

5 Pro-Jerusalem’s Quintessential “Post-industrialist” Architecture

6 Storrs’ Departure

Part 5: Reflections 1927–1939

21 Ashbee’s and Richmond’s Political Positions after Leaving Palestine: Anti-Zionist Lectures and Publications

1 “Administrators Who Hate the Mandate”

2 Ashbee

3 Richmond

Bibliography

Index of Names

Index of Places

Erscheinungsdatum	25.10.2024
Verlagsort	Leiden
Sprache	englisch
Maße	193 x 260 mm
Gewicht	1246 g
Themenwelt	Kunst / Musik / Theater ► Kunstgeschichte / Kunststile
Themenwelt	Geschichte ► Teilgebiete der Geschichte ► Wirtschaftsgeschichte
ISBN-10	90-04-70355-1 / 9004703551
ISBN-13	978-90-04-70355-1 / 9789004703551
Zustand	Neuware