Money and Banking in Africa (eBook)

Joshua Yindenaba Abor, Agyapomaa Gyeke-Dako, Vera Ogeh Fiador, Elikplimi Komla Agbloyor, Mohammed Amidu, Lord Mensah (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2019 | 1st ed. 2019
XXI, 393 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-319-77458-9 (ISBN)

Infos

This book presents a holistic exploration of the banking systems in Africa. Considering the central role that banks play in most developing countries and the vastly different trends and challenges they face, the book provides a crucial understanding of the specific environments in which banks operate. It addresses specific banking issues relevant to developing countries in general and Africa in particular, and explores the various dynamics of money and banking that separate Africa from the rest of the world. The authors build upon extensive Africa-based research and university teaching, and illustrate each topic with examples and cases from the continent. Written in an accessible style while retaining its practicality and relevance, it is an essential read for professionals, students, and other readers interested in policies affecting the banking sector's development in Africa.

Joshua Yindenaba Abor is a Professor of Finance and Dean at the University of Ghana Business Schoo and a Visiting Professor of Finance at the UCT Graduate School of Business, University of Cape Town, South Africa, where he obtained his PhD, after completing parts of the coursework at Harvard University. He was a Visiting Scholar at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in Washington DC. He serves on the editorial boards of a number of international business, finance and economics journals and has contributed to the financial economics and finance literature, mainly in the areas of banking and finance, development finance, financial market development, corporate finance and governance, international finance, and health finance. Abor has been involved in projects sponsored by Africa Economic Research Consortium, International Growth Centre, African Centre for Economic Transformation, and is currently part of a collaborative research project on 'Delivering inclusive financial development and growth' funded by the Department for International Development (DFID), and the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). His papers have appeared in reputable international journals, including Corporate Governance: An International Review, Review of Development Finance, Thunderbird International Business Review, Studies in Economics and Finance, Journal of Economic Studies, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, African Development Review, International Journal of Social Economics, Research in International Business and Finance, Emerging Market Finance and Trade, and Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money. Abor's most recent book is on Entrepreneurial Finance for MSMEs: A Managerial Approach for Developing Markets, published by Palgrave Macmillan (Springer Nature), UK.

Agyapomaa Gyeke-Dako has a PhD in Economics and an MSc. Economics and Financial Economics from the University of Nottingham (UK) as well as a B.A. in Economics with Geography from the University of Ghana, where she is currently a lecturer of various courses in Economics. Prior to joining the University of Ghana Business School, she had worked with Durham Business School (UK) as a Teaching Fellow for three years. She has published in the University of Peking Press, Springer Plus Open Journal, Thunderbird International Review and has submitted a number of papers for publication. Gyeke-Dako has also worked on a project funded by the International Growth Centre and is currently a co-researcher on a collaborative research with the World Trade Institute, University of Geneva and WITS University South Africa (Funding from Swizz Science Foundation and Swizz Agency for Development and Co-operation). She has been affiliated with the Leverhulme Centre for Research on Globalisation and Economic Policy (GEP) and the Chinese Economic Association (CEA) and as an ad hoc reviewer in Thunderbird International Business Review. Her research interests are in the area of financial economics, economic growth and development, financial development, institutions and international capital flows (FDI, portfolio flows and debt flows).

Vera Ogeh Fiador is a Senior Lecturer in Finance at the University of Ghana Business School and a research member of the African Economic Research Consortium, Nairobi, Kenya. She holds a PhD in Finance from the University of Cape Town, South Africa. Her research focuses on corporate finance and investment issues, governance, development finance issues as well as growth and financial market effects of fiscal and monetary policies. Fiador has published scholarly works in journals such as Applied Economics, Review of Development Finance, Corporate Governance, International Journal of Business in Society, and Studies in Economics and Finance. She periodically consults industries and was a visiting scholar at the IMF in Washington D.C.

Elikplimi Komla Agbloyor is a Lecturer in Finance at the University of Ghana Business School.  In 2012, he received his PhD in Finance from the University of Ghana. He is currently an affiliate of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA). His research interests include banking, corporate governance, cross border mergers and acquisitions, economic growth and development, financial development, institutions, international capital flows (FDI, portfolio flows and debt flows), and remittances. Agbloyor has taught courses at undergraduate and graduate levels in corporate finance, entrepreneurial finance, financial management, financial markets and institutions, and investments. His publications have appeared in reputable international journals such as Research in International Business and Finance, Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money; Thunderbird International Business Review, and Review of Development Finance. He serves as an adhoc reviewer for the South African Journal of Economics, Review of Development Finance, and Journal of African Business. Agbloyor has presented numerous papers at various international conferences and has received several awards for his research. He is also an Associate Editor of the African Growth Agenda. 

Mohammed Amidu is the Head of Department and a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Accounting, University of Ghana Business School, and a researcher with African Economic Research Consortium (AERC). He earned his PhD in Banking from Southampton Business School, University of Southampton, United Kingdom and both his MPhil and BSc. in Administration from University of Ghana Business School. He is also a Senior Research Fellow of VolkswagenStiftung Foundation, Germany and research fellow of the Centre for Responsible Banking and Finance, St. Andrews University, Scotland, and has held Visiting Scholar positions at the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Washington D.C. Currently, Amidu is part of a collaborative research project on 'Delivering inclusive financial development and growth' funded by Department for International Development (DFID), and Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). In 2013 and 2015, he won Best Researcher awards by the University of Ghana Business School. Amidu's research interests are in accounting information quality, financial inclusion and literacy, corporate governance, corporate tax policy, development finance, banking market structure, regulation and stability. He has published more than 30 refereed journal articles and 6 book chapters and monographs, and has presented more than 30 papers at a wide range of international conferences. His publications have appeared  Accounting Research Journal, European Journal of Finance, Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, International Review of Financial Analysis, Review of Financial Economics, Journal of Risk Finance, Investment Management and Financial Innovations, Journal of Africa Business, Research in International Business and Finance, and Baltic Journal of Management. 

Lord Mensah is a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Finance, University of Ghana Business School and a Visiting Lecturer in Corporate/Managerial Finance at GIMPA School of Business. He holds a PhD in Applied Economics and Finance from the University of Antwerp, Belgium, and an MSc in Financial Mathematics from the University of Kaiserslautern, Germany. Mensah has published in internationally reputable journals such as Exploration in Economic Studies, Journal of Economics and Finance, and the Journal of Economics Studies. He lectures at the Institute of Distance Learning, KNUST, as a facilitator. Mensah has attended and presented at many international conferences, including First World Finance conference (Portugal), Swiss Society for Financial Market Research conference (Switzerland) and Eastern and Mid-West Finance conferences (both USA). 

Inhalt

Preface 7
Acknowledgements 10
Contents 11
Part I: The Monetary System and the Business of Banking 20
Chapter 1: Overview of the Monetary System 21
1.1 Introduction 21
1.2 Overview of the Financial System 22
1.2.1 Money 22
1.2.2 Financial Instruments 23
1.2.3 Financial Markets 23
1.2.3.1 Structure of Financial Markets 24
1.2.4 Financial Institutions 24
1.2.4.1 Deposit-Taking Institutions 25
1.2.4.2 Non-deposit-Taking Institutions 25
Contractual Savings Institutions 25
Investment Intermediaries 27
1.2.5 Financial Regulators 28
1.3 Introduction of Money and the Barter System 29
1.3.1 Problems of the Barter System 29
1.3.1.1 Lack of Double Coincidence of Wants 30
1.3.1.2 Lack of a Common Measure of Value 30
1.3.1.3 Indivisibility of Some Goods 30
1.3.1.4 Difficulty in Storing Value 31
1.3.1.5 Difficulty in Making Deferred Payment 31
1.4 Evolution of Money 31
1.4.1 Commodity Money 31
1.4.2 Metallic Money 32
1.4.3 Paper Money 32
1.5 Functions of Money 32
1.5.1 Medium of Exchange 33
1.5.2 Unit of Account 33
1.5.3 Store of Value 34
1.6 Characteristics of Money 34
1.7 Money Supply 35
1.8 Demand for Money 37
1.8.1 The Classical Theory of Money Demand 37
1.8.1.1 The Fisherian Theory of Money Demand 37
1.8.1.2 The Cambridge Approach 38
1.8.2 Keynes´ Theory of Money Demand 38
1.8.2.1 Transactionary Demand for Money 39
1.8.2.2 Precautionary Demand for Money 40
1.8.2.3 Speculative Demand for Money 40
1.8.3 The Baumol´s Inventory Theoretic Approach 41
1.8.4 Tobin´s Portfolio Selection Model: The Risk Aversion Theory of Liquidity Preference 43
1.8.5 Friedman´s Restatement Theory 45
1.9 Summary and Conclusions 46
References 48
Chapter 2: Introduction to the Business of Banking 49
2.1 Introduction 49
2.2 Overview of the African Banking System 50
2.2.1 Evolution of Banking in Africa 50
2.2.2 Cross-Border Banking in Africa 55
2.2.3 Mobile Phone Banking 56
2.2.4 African Banking Perspective on the Global Crisis 58
2.3 Products and Services Provided by Banks 60
2.3.1 Functions of the Banking System 63
2.4 Sources and Uses of Bank Funds 64
2.4.1 Sources of Bank Funds 64
2.4.1.1 Deposits Accounts 64
2.4.1.2 Borrowed Funds 65
2.4.1.3 Long-Term Sources of Funds 66
2.4.2 Uses of Funds by Banks 66
2.5 Banking Operations 67
2.6 Risks in Banking 68
2.6.1 Managing Risk 70
2.7 Recent Developments and Trends in Banking 71
2.7.1 Technological Change 71
2.7.2 Service Proliferation 72
2.7.3 Increasing Competition 72
2.7.4 Government Deregulation 72
2.7.5 Interest Rate Risk 72
2.7.6 Consolidation and Branch Expansion 73
2.7.7 Globalisation 73
2.8 Globalisation and Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on African Banks 73
2.9 Non-classical Banking Techniques 74
2.9.1 Islamic Banking 75
2.9.1.1 Principles of Islamic Banking 75
Prohibition of Interest 76
Ethical Standards 76
Moral and Social Values 76
Liability and Business Risk 76
2.9.1.2 The Islamic Banking Model 77
2.9.2 Microfinance and Banking 77
2.10 Summary and Conclusions 78
References 80
Chapter 3: Organisation and Structure of the Banking Industry 82
3.1 Introduction 82
3.2 Internal Organisation of Banks 83
3.3 Developments in Bank Organisation 85
3.4 Organisational Structures in Banking 85
3.5 Different Types of Banks Operating in Developing Countries 86
3.6 Functions and Behaviour of Cross-Border Banks 87
3.7 Summary and Conclusions 88
References 88
Chapter 4: Determination of Interest Rates 89
4.1 Introduction 89
4.2 Theories of Interest Rates 90
4.2.1 Fisher´s Classical Theory 90
4.2.2 The Loanable Funds Theory 93
4.2.3 Keynes´ Liquidity Preference of Theory 95
4.2.4 McKinnon´s Complementarity Theory 96
4.3 Economic Factors Affecting Interest Rates 97
4.3.1 Inflation and Interest Rates 98
4.3.2 Economic Growth and Interest Rates 98
4.3.3 Monetary Policy and Interest Rates 99
4.3.4 Fiscal Policy and Interest Rates 99
4.3.5 External Flow of Funds and Interest Rates 100
4.4 Risk Structure of Interest Rates 100
4.4.1 Default Risk 101
4.4.2 Liquidity 101
4.4.3 Income Tax Status 102
4.5 Term Structure of Interest Rates 103
4.5.1 Pure Expectations Theory 104
4.5.2 Segmented Markets Theory 107
4.5.3 Liquidity Premium and Preferred Habitat Theory 108
4.5.4 Importance of the Term Structure 109
4.5.5 Estimating Forward Rate 110
4.6 Summary and Conclusions 112
4.7 Discussion Questions and Problems 113
References 113
Part II: Asset-Liability Management 115
Chapter 5: Asset-Liability Management: Interest Rate Risks, Maturity and Duration Gaps 116
5.1 Introduction 116
5.2 Assets and Liability Management Strategies 117
5.2.1 Liquidity Management 117
5.2.2 Assets Management 120
5.2.3 Liability Management 121
5.2.4 Capital Management 121
5.3 Interest Rate Risk 121
5.4 Gap Analysis 123
5.4.1 Computing the Bank´s Gap 124
5.4.2 Effect of Interest Rate Changes on Net Interest Income 124
5.4.3 Weaknesses of the Repricing Model 127
5.5 Market Value-Based Models: Maturity and Duration Analysis 129
5.5.1 The Maturity Model 129
5.5.1.1 The Maturity Model with Portfolio of Assets and Liabilities 131
5.5.1.2 Weaknesses of the Maturity Model 133
5.5.2 Duration Analysis 133
5.5.2.1 The General Formula for Duration 134
5.5.2.2 Features of Duration 136
5.5.2.3 Economic Meaning of Duration 137
5.5.2.4 Duration and Immunisation 140
5.5.2.5 Immunising Future Cash Flow Payment 140
5.5.2.6 Immunising the Whole Balance Sheet 141
5.5.2.7 Difficulties in Applying the Duration Model 144
5.6 Summary and Conclusions 145
5.7 Discussion Questions and Problems 147
References 148
Chapter 6: Asset-Liability Management: Using Hedging Techniques 149
6.1 Introduction 149
6.2 Using Futures and Forwards 149
6.2.1 Hedging Interest Rate Risk with Forward Contract 150
6.2.2 Hedging Interest Rate Risk with Futures Contract 151
6.2.2.1 Macro Hedging with Futures 152
6.2.3 The Problem of Basis Risk 154
6.3 Using Swaps 155
6.3.1 Macro Hedging with Swaps 158
6.4 Summary and Conclusions 160
6.5 Discussion Questions and Problems 161
References 161
Chapter 7: Off-Balance Sheet Activities 162
7.1 Introduction 162
7.2 Types of Off-Balance Sheet Activities 163
7.2.1 Guarantee 163
7.2.1.1 Risk Associated with Guarantee 165
7.2.2 Loan Commitments 165
7.2.2.1 Risks Associated with Loan Commitments 165
7.2.3 Loan Sales 166
7.2.3.1 Risk Associated with Loans Sales 166
7.2.4 Derivatives 167
7.2.4.1 Risks Associated with Derivatives 167
7.3 Reasons and Importance of Off-Balance Sheet Activities 168
7.4 Management and Regulations of OBS Activities 169
7.5 Ways of Reporting OBS on General Ledger of Banks 169
7.6 Summary and Conclusions 169
References 170
Part III: Managing Banks´ Loan Portfolio and Capital 171
Chapter 8: Loan Portfolio and Credit Management 172
8.1 Introduction 172
8.2 Bank Loans 173
8.2.1 Determinants of the Growth and Composition of Bank Loans 173
8.3 Regulating Bank Lending 174
8.3.1 Elements of a Written Loan Policy 177
8.4 Stages of the Bank Lending Process 178
8.4.1 Risks Associated with Lending 180
8.4.1.1 Credit Risk 180
8.4.1.2 Market Risk 181
Interest Rate Risk 181
Liquidity Risk 182
Price Risk 182
Foreign Exchange Risk 183
Transaction Risk 183
8.4.1.3 Compliance Risk 184
8.4.1.4 Strategic Risk 184
8.4.1.5 Reputation Risk 184
8.4.1.6 Country or Sovereign Risk 185
8.5 Credit Analysis 185
8.5.1 Creditworthiness of the Borrower 185
8.5.2 Structure and Documentation of Loan Agreement 187
8.5.3 Collateral Requirement 187
8.5.4 Loan Covenants 188
8.5.5 Sources of Information About Loan Customers 189
8.5.6 Credit Culture and Risk Profile 190
8.5.7 Credit Management Information Systems 191
8.6 Loan Agreement 192
8.7 Loan Review 193
8.8 Resolution of Problem Loans: Loan Workouts 194
8.9 Summary and Conclusions 195
8.10 Discussion Questions and Problems 197
References 197
Chapter 9: Corporate Lending 198
9.1 Introduction 198
9.1.1 Lending to Businesses 198
9.2 Corporate Loans 199
9.2.1 Short-Term Corporate Loans 199
9.2.2 Long-Term Corporate Loans 200
9.3 Evaluation of Corporate Loan Applications 201
9.3.1 Corporate Customer´s Control Over Expenses 202
9.3.2 Activity/Efficiency 202
9.3.3 Marketability of the Customer´s Product, Service or Skill 203
9.3.4 Liquidity Indicators 205
9.3.5 Leverage or Capital Structure Indicators 205
9.3.6 Contingent Liabilities 206
9.4 Pricing of Corporate Loans 206
9.4.1 Cost-Plus Loan Pricing 207
9.4.2 Price Leadership Model 208
9.4.3 Below-Prime Market Pricing (Mark-Up Model) 208
9.4.4 Loans Bearing Maximum Interest Rates 209
9.4.5 Consumer Profitability Analysis 209
9.4.5.1 Earnings Credit for Customer Deposits 211
9.5 Summary and Conclusions 212
9.6 Discussion Questions and Problems 213
References 213
Chapter 10: Consumer and Retail Lending 214
10.1 Introduction 214
10.2 Consumer Loans 215
10.2.1 Characteristics of Consumer Loans 215
10.2.2 Classification of Consumer Loans 216
10.3 Rapid Growth of Consumer Loans and Consumer Loans´ Accessibility 217
10.4 Factors that Influence Client´s Choice of a Lender for Consumer Loans 218
10.5 Consumer Credit Rating/Scoring 219
10.6 Loan Application Process 220
10.7 Consumer Loans and Economic Development 222
10.8 Default Risk and Default Risk Management 223
10.9 Currents Trends in the Consumers Loans´ Market 224
10.10 Summary and Conclusions 225
References 226
Chapter 11: Mortgage Banking 227
11.1 Introduction 227
11.2 Primary Market for Mortgages 228
11.2.1 How Do Lenders Assess Credit Applications? 229
11.3 Fixed Versus Adjustable Rate Mortgages 230
11.3.1 Other Mortgage Products 238
11.4 Factors that Affect the Value of a Mortgage 239
11.5 Secondary Market for Mortgages 240
11.5.1 The Structure of CDOs 241
11.5.2 How Asset Securitisation or the Housing Market Contributed to the Global Financial Crisis 242
11.6 Risks from Mortgage Origination 243
11.7 Risks Associated with Mortgage Lending 244
11.7.1 Credit Risk 244
11.7.2 Prepayment Risk 244
11.7.3 Interest Rate Risk 245
11.8 Risks from Mortgage Investing 246
11.8.1 Credit Risk 246
11.8.2 Prepayment Risk 246
11.8.3 Price Risk 246
11.8.4 Liquidity risk 246
11.9 Challenges Confronting the Mortgage/Housing Markets 247
11.10 Improving the Mortgage and Housing Markets 247
11.11 Summary and Conclusions 248
References 250
Chapter 12: Management of Bank Capital 251
12.1 Introduction 251
12.2 Bank Capital and Risk 252
12.3 Regulation and Bank Capital 253
12.4 Size of Bank Capital 254
12.5 Risk-Based Capital Ratios and the Basel Agreements 255
12.6 Strategies for Meeting Capital Needs of Banks 258
12.6.1 Internal Source of Capital 258
12.6.2 External Source of Capital 260
12.7 Summary and Conclusions 262
References 263
Part IV: Bank Performance, Strategy and Sustainable Banking 264
Chapter 13: Measuring and Evaluating the Performance of Banks 265
13.1 Introduction 265
13.2 Statement of Financial Position 266
13.2.1 Assets 266
13.2.2 Liabilities 270
13.3 Statement of Comprehensive Income 272
13.4 Measuring and Evaluating Bank Performance 275
13.4.1 Performance Indicators 276
13.4.2 Non-financial Performance Indicators 292
13.5 Summary and Conclusions 294
References 295
Chapter 14: Strategy in the Banking Industry 296
14.1 Introduction 296
14.2 Bank Corporate Strategy 297
14.2.1 Bases of Competitive Advantage and the Strategic Clock 299
14.2.1.1 Price-Based Strategies: `No Frills´ and `Low Price´ 300
14.2.1.2 Differentiation-Based Strategies 301
14.2.1.3 The Hybrid Strategy 302
14.2.1.4 Focused Differentiation Strategy 302
14.2.1.5 Failure Strategies 303
14.2.2 Sustaining Competitive Advantage 303
14.2.2.1 Sustaining Price-Based Competitive Advantage 303
14.2.2.2 Sustaining Differentiation-Based Strategy 304
14.2.2.3 Strategic Lock-In 305
14.2.3 Responding to Competitive Threat 305
14.2.4 Competitive Strategy in Hypercompetitive Conditions 306
14.2.5 Strategic Challenges in the Banking Industry 307
14.2.5.1 Augmenting the Technological Experience 307
14.2.5.2 Mobile Payment Regimes 308
14.2.5.3 Address Security and Authentication Concerns 308
14.2.5.4 Technological Disruptions and FinTech 309
14.2.5.5 Reaching New Customers: Multichannel Marketing 309
14.2.6 Corporate Strategy and Diversification 310
14.3 International Strategy in Banking 310
14.4 Innovations in Banking 311
14.5 Mergers and Acquisitions in Banking 313
14.6 Summary and Conclusions 314
References 316
Chapter 15: Sustainable Banking 317
15.1 Introduction 317
15.2 Ethics in Banking 318
15.2.1 International Codes of Ethics in Banking 319
15.2.1.1 The Fundamental Code of Ethics 320
15.3 Sustainable Banking 321
15.3.1 Sustainable Banking Activities 321
15.3.2 Ethical Themes in Banking 322
15.3.2.1 Lending with Responsibility 322
15.3.2.2 Finance Through Affinity 324
15.4 Social Responsibility in Banking 325
15.4.1 Strategic Approaches to Social Responsibility 325
15.4.2 The Concept of Triple Bottom Line 327
15.4.3 Principal-Agent Relation in Banking 328
15.4.3.1 Criticisms of the Agency Theory 329
15.5 Corporate Governance 330
15.5.1 Board of Directors 331
15.5.1.1 Types of Directors 331
15.5.1.2 Functions of Board of Directors 332
15.5.1.3 Board Committees 333
15.5.1.4 Nominating and Governance Committee 334
15.5.1.5 Board Meetings 334
15.6 Summary and Conclusions 335
References 337
Part V: Central Banking, Monetary Policy and Regulation 338
Chapter 16: Central Banking and Monetary Policy 339
16.1 Introduction 339
16.2 General Structure of the Central Bank 340
16.3 Independence of the Central Bank 340
16.3.1 Arguments in Favour of Independence 341
16.3.2 Arguments Against Independence 342
16.4 Functions of the Central Bank 342
16.4.1 Bank Supervision 343
16.4.2 Depositor Insurance 344
16.4.3 Lender of Last Resort 344
16.4.4 Government´s Bank and Management of National Debt 345
16.4.5 Currency Issue 345
16.4.6 Conduct of Monetary Policy 345
16.5 Tools of Monetary Policy 348
16.5.1 Open Market Operations 348
16.5.2 The Supply and Demand for Reserves 349
16.5.3 Discount Rate Changes 350
16.5.4 Changes in the Required Reserve Ratio 352
16.6 The Money Supply Process 353
16.6.1 Open Market Operations by the Central Bank 353
16.6.2 Money Creation Process 354
16.6.2.1 Deposit Creation: The Single Bank 355
16.6.3 Relationship Between Money Supply and Its Determinants 358
16.7 The Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanism 359
16.7.1 Interest Rate Channel 359
16.7.2 Exchange Rate Channel 360
16.7.3 Credit Channel 360
16.7.3.1 Bank Lending Channel 361
16.7.3.2 Balance Sheet (Net Worth) Channel 361
16.8 How Monetary Policy Affects the Economy 361
16.8.1 Effect on the Demand for Goods and Services 362
16.8.2 Effect on Output and Employment 362
16.8.3 Effect on Exchange Rate 362
16.8.4 Effect on Inflation 363
16.9 Inflation Targeting 363
16.9.1 Price Stability 363
16.9.2 Monetary Policy Strategies 364
16.9.2.1 Monetary Targeting 364
16.9.2.2 Inflation Targeting 364
Advantages of Inflation Targeting 365
Disadvantages of Inflation Targeting 365
16.9.2.3 Selected Countries and Their Targets for Inflation 366
16.10 Summary and Conclusions 366
References 367
Chapter 17: Bank Regulation 368
17.1 Introduction 368
17.2 Importance of Bank Regulation 369
17.3 Rationale for Bank Regulation: The Basel II Accord 369
17.4 Forms of Bank Regulation 372
17.5 Challenges of Bank Regulation 374
17.6 Deposit Insurance 375
17.7 Summary and Conclusions 376
References 377
Glossary 378

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 12.9.2019
• Reihe/Serie: Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development
• Zusatzinfo: XXI, 393 p. 14 illus., 10 illus. in color.
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft ► Betriebswirtschaft / Management ► Finanzierung
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft ► Volkswirtschaftslehre
• Schlagworte: African Central Banks • African Monetary Systems • Banking • Banking in Developingccountries • Bank regulation • Credit Management • Development Finance • Financial Services • Foreign Exchange Risk • Islamic Banking • Islamic Finance • micro-credit
• ISBN-10: 3-319-77458-1 / 3319774581
• ISBN-13: 978-3-319-77458-9 / 9783319774589