Thermal Convexity Analysis of a Solar Water Heating System (eBook)

Moulay Abdelghani-Idrissi, Lamiae Vernieres-Hassimi, Soufiane Abdelghani-Idrissi (Autoren)

eBook Download: EPUB

2025
375 Seiten
Wiley-Iste (Verlag)
978-1-394-42372-9 (ISBN)

Infos

This book delivers a comprehensive study of thermal convexity analy-sis, a key methodology for understanding and optimizing solar water heating systems. It bridges pressing global energy challenges, solar thermal technologies, and advanced heat transfer principles. The book opens with the global energy context, highlighting the rising importance of solar power in achieving sustainable energy goals. A detailed review of solar thermal systems follows, covering high-temperature applications (parabolic concentrators, tower plants, cylindrical-parabolic collectors) and low-temperature uses, including pool heating, space heating, and domestic hot water production.

The core focus regards the thermal convexity principle, providing a new powerful theoretical framework for analyzing and enhancing heat transfer in fluids, tubular exchangers, and solar receivers. This principle is applied to the modeling and simulation of solar water heating systems, integrating solar radiation, system dynamics, and consumption effects.

Thermal Convexity Analysis of a Solar Water Heating System combines simulation and experimental validation with fixed and tracking collectors, demonstrating practical performance improvements. Supported by an appendix on conduction, convection, and radiation, this book is an essential reference for researchers, engineers, and students pushing the frontiers of renewable energy and thermal sciences.

Moulay Abdelghani-Idrissi is Full Professor at the Rouen University, France. He holds a PhD in Engineering Science and manages national research-industry programs.

Lamiae Vernières-Hassimi is Associate Professor at the INSA Rouen Normandie, France. Her research focuses on chemical process safety and energy systems.

Soufiane Abdelghani-Idrissi is Associate Professor at the University of Gustave Eiffel, France. His research focuses on electrochemistry, nanofluidics and energy systems.

Textauszug

1
Global Energy Context

1.1. Global energy consumption

In the context of sustainable development, the world faces a dual global challenge corresponding to the imminent depletion of fossil energy resources and the escalating issues of climate change. The urgency of these challenges is compounded by the relentless growth in global energy consumption. As depicted in Figure 1.1, which illustrates the annual evolution of global primary energy consumption by type, there is a clear trend of increasing demand across various energy sources.

This figure reveals the shifting dynamics in energy consumption patterns, reflecting the rising energy needs of a growing global population and expanding economies. The detailed analysis extends beyond mere consumption trends, delving into the implications of these patterns for future energy policies and strategies. It examines the sustainability of current energy practices, considering the environmental impact of continued reliance on fossil fuels. The exploration of the potential of renewable energy sources is necessary to meet the increasing energy demand while mitigating adverse environmental effects.

Moreover, the economic and technological challenges associated with the transition to sustainable energy systems have to be considered. These aspects evaluate the role of innovative technologies and policy interventions in promoting energy efficiency and reducing carbon footprints. By providing a comprehensive overview of the global energy landscape, the critical importance of integrating sustainability into energy planning and decision-making processes is highlighted.

To address the pressing challenges of energy sustainability and climate change, robust incentives are being implemented to accelerate the development of renewable energy sources.

Figure 1.1. Evolution of the global primary energy consumption1.

These measures aim to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide alternatives for rapidly depleting fossil energy resources. The urgency of these efforts is underscored by the continuous rise in global energy consumption and the adverse environmental impacts associated with fossil fuels. The introduction and expansion of renewable energy technologies are crucial components of this strategy. The progress in the generation of modern renewable energy from 1971 to 2022 is illustrated in Figure 1.2 (Ritchie et al. 2020). This figure (OurWorldInData.org) highlights the substantial growth in renewable energy capacity, reflecting the global commitment to transitioning toward more sustainable energy systems. The analysis of renewable energy development encompasses various technologies, including solar, wind, hydroelectric and bioenergy. Each of these technologies has seen significant advancements in efficiency, cost reduction and deployment scale. Solar energy, for example, has benefited from technological innovations in photovoltaic (PV) cells and energy storage systems, making it more accessible and cost-effective. Wind energy has similarly experienced technological improvements, leading to larger, more efficient turbines and expanded offshore wind farms. In addition to technological advancements, the role of policy and regulatory frameworks is critically examined.

Government incentives, such as tax credits, subsidies and feed-in tariffs, have played a pivotal role in fostering the growth of renewable energy. International agreements and national policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions have further spurred investment and research in renewable technologies.

Figure 1.2. Modern renewable energy generation by source

Furthermore, the socioeconomic benefits of transitioning to renewable energy are explored. These include job creation in the renewable energy sector, energy security through reduced dependence on imported fossil fuels and the potential for rural development through decentralized energy systems.

The curves in Figure 1.2 demonstrate a marked acceleration in the adoption of wind and solar energy starting in the 2000s and 2010s, respectively. Despite this progress, the global share of renewable energy remained around 15% in 2019, a modest proportion compared with the consumption of primary fossil energy sources. This disparity highlights a significant challenge in meeting the sustainable development goals (SDGs), which include ambitious targets for 2050, particularly the attainment of net zero emissions (NZEs). The current contribution of renewable energies is insufficient to meet the projected energy demand and the emissions reduction trajectory outlined in forecast scenarios. Consequently, there is a pressing need for the development and deployment of new energy resources coupled with efficient and reliable technologies. These advancements are essential to bridge the gap between current capabilities and future energy needs. An in-depth analysis of the progress in renewable energy reveals that, while substantial advancements have been made, particularly in solar and wind technologies, the pace of transition must significantly increase. Solar energy has benefitted from advancements in PV technology, improving efficiency and reducing costs, whereas wind energy has seen enhancements in turbine design and offshore wind farm development.

Moreover, policy frameworks and regulatory incentives have been instrumental in driving renewable energy growth. Government initiatives, such as tax incentives, subsidies and renewable energy mandates, have encouraged investment and innovation in the sector. However, to achieve the 2050 targets, these policies must be expanded and strengthened.

The potential socioeconomic benefits of an accelerated transition to renewable energy are substantial. Increased investment in renewable technologies can drive job creation, enhance energy security by reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels, and promote sustainable economic growth. Additionally, decentralized renewable energy systems can contribute to rural development and increase access to electricity in underserved regions.

To realize these benefits and meet the NZE targets, a multifaceted approach is necessary. This includes advancing research and development in emerging technologies, such as advanced energy storage, smart grids and next-generation biofuels. Furthermore, international cooperation and knowledge sharing can expedite technological advancements and implementation strategies across different regions. Notably, while significant strides have been made in the adoption of renewable energy, the current levels are insufficient to meet the ambitious global targets set for 2050. This state of affairs underscores the need for accelerated development and deployment of renewable energy technologies. Achieving a sustainable and resilient energy future will require robust policy support, technological innovation and collaborative efforts on a global scale.

The primary forms of energy utilized across various sectors include electrical, thermal and mechanical energy. Electrical energy is generated from a diverse array of sources, including nuclear, thermal, hydroelectric, wind and solar power plants. This form of energy is extensively used to power household appliances, lighting systems, electric heating systems, electronic devices and industrial machinery.

The thermal energy associated with heating and cooling plays a crucial role in several applications. It is used for heating buildings, generating steam in thermal and nuclear power plants, powering thermal engines in internal combustion vehicles and facilitating various industrial processes. This energy form is fundamental for maintaining comfortable indoor environments and enabling the functionality of numerous industrial operations.

Mechanical energy, which is linked to motion and force, is essential in a multitude of contexts. It is harnessed in internal combustion and electric motors to propel vehicles, drive industrial machinery and operate lifting and transportation devices. Mechanical energy is a cornerstone of modern industry, contributing to the operation of equipment and infrastructure that support daily life and economic activity.

The energy needs of humanity are highly variable and influenced by factors such as geographic region, level of economic development, consumption habits and lifestyle. In economically developed regions, the demand for electrical and thermal energy is significantly greater because of the widespread use of electronic devices, extensive heating and cooling systems, and industrial activities. On the other hand, in less developed regions, the energy demand may be lower but still crucial for basic needs such as cooking, heating and transportation.

Understanding the diverse applications and demands for these primary forms of energy underlines the complexity of meeting global energy needs. As societies continue to evolve, the efficient and sustainable management of electrical, thermal and mechanical energy becomes increasingly vital. This requires not only technological advancements and infrastructure development but also comprehensive policies and international cooperation to ensure a balanced and equitable distribution of energy resources.

1.2. Solar energy development

The transition to renewable energy sources is paramount in addressing the dual challenges of resource depletion and climate change. By leveraging advancements in technology and fostering innovation, it is possible to increase the efficiency and sustainability of energy production and consumption. This holistic...

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 5.11.2025
• Reihe/Serie: ISTE Invoiced
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bauwesen
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Schlagworte: cylindrical-parabolic collectors • domestic hot water production • Energy systems • heat transfer • heat transfer principles • parabolic concentrators • pool heating • Solar energy • solar radiation • Solar Receivers • solar water heating • space heating • thermal convexity • tower plants • tubular exchangers
• ISBN-10: 1-394-42372-1 / 1394423721
• ISBN-13: 978-1-394-42372-9 / 9781394423729