Smart Public Safety Video Surveillance System (eBook)

Innovative Technologies for Homeland Security and Mission-Critical Operations

Abhishek Djeachandrane, Said Hoceini, Serge Delmas, Abdelhamid Mellouk (Autoren)

eBook Download: EPUB

2025
311 Seiten
Wiley-Iste (Verlag)
978-1-394-38862-2 (ISBN)

Infos

In smart cities, video surveillance is essential for public safety, evolving beyond simple camera installations and centralized monitoring due to the overwhelming amount of footage that challenges human operators. To enhance anomaly detection, experts have developed sophisticated computer vision techniques that classify events as normal or abnormal.

Smart Public Safety Video Surveillance System explores an end-to-end urban video surveillance system, which aims to address asymmetric threats through three key strategies: firstly, it employs a corrective signal called 'task-specific QoE' that considers contextual factors; secondly, it utilizes machine learningdriven predictive systems and a method known as 'similarity-based meta-reinforcement learning' for effective anomaly detection; and thirdly, it advocates for 'zero-touch' self-management systems based on autonomous computing. This holistic approach ensures rapid adaptation and situational awareness, effectively meeting the demands of modern businesses and enhancing overall safety in dynamic urban environments.

Abhishek Djeachandrane is a research scientist at Airbus Defence and Space's AI Connectivity Lab, France. His research interests include AI, data science, computer networks, QoE and trustworthy systems.

Said Hoceini is Associate Professor and Head of the N&T Department at IUT CV.UPEC, France. His research focuses on routing algorithms, QoS/QoE, and bioinspired artificial intelligence approaches.

Serge Delmas is an engineer at Airbus Defence and Space, Secure Land Communications, France. He leads the Research & Technology Projects and Innovations team, driving cutting-edge solutions to enhance future emergency services.

Abdelhamid Mellouk is Full-time University Professor, Director of the IT4H High School Engineering Department and Head of the TincNET Research Team, UPEC, France. He is also the founder of Network Control Research and Curricula activities at UPEC, President of the Policies and Programs commission at the National Council for Scientific Research and Technologies, a HCERES Expert, a CNU member and Co-President of the DS-AI Systematic Deep Tech Hub.

Textauszug

Introduction

“The world is a dangerous place to live.”

Albert Einstein

I.1. General context

In France, according to the French Ministry (2023), almost all recorded delinquency indicators were up in 2022 compared with the previous year. These increases follow those observed before the health crisis for homicides, intentional assault and battery, sexual violence and fraud recorded by the police and gendarmerie. For example, the number of recorded victims of intentional assault and battery (persons aged 15 or over) rose sharply in 2022 (+15%, after +12% in 2021).

Recorded crime indicators relating to non-violent theft from persons, burglary, vehicle theft, theft from vehicles and theft of vehicle accessories, which had fallen sharply during the health crisis, rose sharply in 2022.

According to statistics from the The French Central Directorate of the Judicial Police (2023), as shown in Figure I.1, the crime rate in France is on the rise compared to 2021. Against a backdrop of almost constant increases since 2008 (with a drop during the 2020 pandemic), however, with certain disparities, for example, vehicle theft is down as shown in Figure I.3, while physical and sexual violence are up as shown in Figure I.2.

Figure I.1. Voluntary blows and injuries among individuals aged 15 or older (VBI), and intra-family violence (IFV)

Figure I.2. Recorded instances of sexual violence

Figure I.3. Recorded instances of vehicle theft

Statistics for specific types of violence, such as sexual violence or vehicle theft, attest to the existence of violence, even if trends are evolving differently, as shown in these respective figures, which show developments between 2008 and 2022.

This question of national security concerns not only countries such as France but also some important cities such as the world’s largest city, New York, which is sounding the alarm.

For instance, according to the New York Police Department (2023), the apparent dips come after total major crimes spiked 22% last year, from 103,388 incidents in 2021 to 126,537 in 2022, as attested in Figure I.4 provided by the Office of the New York State Comptroller (2022) where the number of total crimes and total crime rates are rising for the first time in eight years.

Figure I.4. Total reported crimes in the state of New York

As shown in Table I.1 by amNewYork Metro (2022), that rise was driven by increases in six of the seven categories: rapes, robberies, felony assaults, burglaries, grand larcenies and car thefts, according to NYPD statistics.

Table I.1. NYPD September crime statistics

Category	2022 numbers	2021 numbers	Difference	Percentage change

Murder

39

51

↓ 12

↓ 23.5%

Rape

145

131

↑ 14

↑ 10.7%

Robbery

1,508

1,295

↑ 213

↑ 16.4%

Burglary

2,189

2,218

↓ 29

↓ 1.3%

Grand larceny

4,409

1,148

↑ 261

↑ 22.7%

Auto theft

1,215

3,753

↑ 799

↑ 21.3%

TOTAL

11,057

9,000

↑ 215

↑ 21.5%

Criminal activity has been a persistent issue for societies throughout history. It takes on many forms and can occur in many different ways. It is important for law enforcement to be aware of these changes and to adapt their tactics to effectively combat crime and protect the public. Advances in technology have provided new tools for authorities to use in this fight against criminality, and it is important to make use of these tools to enhance public safety.

Indeed, the rising crime rate in France is a concern not only for law enforcement agencies but also for solution providers such asAirbus. Airbus is a global leader in aeronautics, space and associated services. One of its program units, secure land communications (SLC), offers advanced communication and collaboration solutions to help customers collect, process and distribute relevant information. SLC’s portfolio caters to the needs of professionals in public safety, transportation, energy and utilities sectors. It includes networks, terminals, applications and services based on Tetra, Tetrapol and broadband technologies. As a European leader and a major player in the global market, SLC has customers in over 80 countries and employs approximately 1,150 people in 17 countries. Being a critical solution provider in the world, it is committed to meeting all the requirements set by final users.

Physical crime has been a long-standing concern for many communities. It involves offenses such as assault, robbery and homicide, and can have a significant impact on victims and their families. Law enforcement agencies need to be vigilant in their efforts to prevent these crimes from occurring, and to bring those responsible to justice. The use of technology can play an important role in this effort, providing tools such as surveillance cameras and forensic analysis to aid in investigations. Overall, it is crucial to take a proactive approach to combat physical crime and ensure the safety of the public.

Public safety refers to measures taken by governments and communities to protect citizens from harm and maintain order in society. This includes maintaining safe and secure communities, preventing and responding to crime and ensuring the safety of public spaces and infrastructure. Public safety is a critical component of smart cities as advanced technology and data analysis can be used to improve emergency response times, monitor crime trends and enhance overall safety for residents.

As mentioned, smart cities can potentially help to prevent crimes by implementing technologies such as surveillance cameras and predictive policing algorithms. These tools can aid in identifying and addressing criminal behavior in real time, thereby increasing public safety. Smart cities are urban areas that use advanced technology and data analysis to improve the quality of life for residents and enhance sustainability. This includes using sensors, data analytics and automation to improve transportation, energy usage, waste management and public safety. Smart cities are becoming increasingly popular around the world as more and more people move to urban areas and governments seek innovative solutions to urban challenges.

For public safety purposes, video surveillance is a crucial aspect of maintaining security and safety in various settings. Whether it is in public places such as malls, airports or train stations, or in private locations such as homes or businesses, video surveillance systems can provide an extra layer of protection and deter potential criminal activity. Video surveillance can help prevent theft, vandalism and other criminal acts. It can also aid in identifying suspects and providing evidence for investigations. In addition, video surveillance can help monitor employee behavior, improve workplace safety and ensure compliance with regulations and policies. Moreover, video surveillance can also be used for remote monitoring, allowing for real-time observation of events or incidents that require immediate attention. With advancements in technology, video surveillance systems can now incorporate features such as facial recognition, license plate recognition and motion detection, enhancing their effectiveness and accuracy.

Overall, video surveillance plays a vital role in maintaining safety and security, providing valuable insights and enabling quick responses to potential threats or incidents. For all the reasons mentioned, video surveillance is considered a critical service because it plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and security of people and property. It can be used to monitor and detect potential threats, prevent crime and provide evidence in the event of an incident. In many cases, video surveillance systems are integrated with other security measures to create a comprehensive security solution. The reliability and effectiveness of these systems is paramount, as they can have a significant impact on public safety and the protection of valuable assets.

A general description of video surveillance will allow us to better identify principal challenges, by giving a general overview of video surveillance systems. In this area, the end devices in the architecture are considered the eye of the system; the communication media are designed as synapses to convey information and the analytics represent the brain of the system. Here, video surveillance will be defined by architecture and analysis, the former consisting of network architecture and computing infrastructure, the latter of all the analysis that can be produced from the information gathered.

In video surveillance architecture, network architecture could be defined as follows.

• Analog surveillance systems: analog signal processing technology is the basis model for image transmission, exchange and recording using a short-distance...

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 17.6.2025
• Reihe/Serie: ISTE Invoiced
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Schlagworte: Anomaly Detection • Asymmetric Threats • autonomous computing • centralized monitoring • computer vision • Predictive systems • public safety • self-management systems • smart cities • task-specific QoE • video surveillance • video surveillance system
• ISBN-10: 1-394-38862-4 / 1394388624
• ISBN-13: 978-1-394-38862-2 / 9781394388622