Materials Processing Fundamentals 2018 (eBook)

Guillaume Lambotte, Jonghyun Lee, Antoine Allanore, Samuel Wagstaff (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2018 | 1st ed. 2018
241 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-319-72131-6 (ISBN)

Infos

This book includes contributions from the Materials Processing Fundamentals Symposium held at the TMS 2018 Annual Meeting & Exhibition in Phoenix, Arizona. Covering the physical and numerical modeling of materials processing, the volume covers a range of metals and minerals. Authors present models and results related the basics of processing such as extraction, joining, separation, and casting. The corresponding fundamentals of mass and heat transport as well as physical and thermodynamics properties are addressed, allowing for a cross-disciplinary vision of the field.

The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) is a member-driven international professional society dedicated to fostering the exchange of learning and ideas across the entire range of materials science and engineering, from minerals processing and primary metals production, to basic research and the advanced applications of materials. Included among its nearly 13,000 professional and student members are metallurgical and materials engineers, scientists, researchers, educators, and administrators from more than 70 countries on six continents. 

Inhalt

Preface 5
Contents 6
About the Editors 9
Steelmaking—Processing 12
1 The Effect of a Sulfur Addition on the Formation and Behavior of CaS Inclusions During a Secondary Refining Process Without Using a Ca-Treatment 13
Abstract 13
Introduction 14
Experimental Procedures 14
Results 15
Variations of Compositions in the Steel Melts 15
Variations of Inclusion Compositions 15
Discussion 17
Thermodynamic Consideration 17
CaS Formation by a Reaction Between Ca and S in a Steel Melt 17
CaS Formation Due to a Reaction Between CaO in Inclusions and S in a Steel Melt 18
Behavior of CaS Inclusions in a Steel Melt 20
Conclusion 21
References 22
2 Desulfurization of Copper-Iron Reduced from Copper Slag 24
Abstract 24
Introduction 24
Experiment 25
Results and Analysis 26
Calcium Oxide 26
Calcium Carbide 28
Ferromanganese Alloy (Fe-65 wt%Mn) 29
Conclusions 31
Acknowledgements 31
References 31
Steelmaking—Properties 33
3 Effects of Aging Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Nanoprecipitates-Strengthened Ferritic Steel 34
Abstract 34
Introduction 34
Experimental 35
Results and Discussion 36
Effect of Aging Treatment on Microstructure 36
Effect of Aging Treatment on Phase Composition 37
Effect of Aging Treatment on the Mechanical Properties 39
SEM Analysis of Tensile Fracture 42
Conclusions 43
Acknowledgements 44
References 44
Multiphysics—Process Modeling and Sensing 45
4 Convection-Diffusion Model of Lithium-Bismuth Liquid Metal Batteries 46
Abstract 46
Introduction 47
Mathematical and Numerical Model 49
Results and Discussion 52
Conclusion 56
References 57
5 Study on Emulsion Phenomena and Field Flow Pattern in Side-Blown Copper Smelting Process 58
Abstract 58
Introduction 59
Theory 60
Dynamic Similarity 60
The Equal Interfacial Tension 61
Sauter Diameter of Emulsified Droplets 61
Experimental Works 62
Experimental System and Parameters 62
Principles of Measurements 63
Results and Discussion 64
Emulsified Droplet Size Distribution and Interfacial Area 64
Flow Pattern and Mixing Time 66
Conclusions 67
Acknowledgements 67
References 67
6 Study on Minimum Starting Energy of Self-stirring Reactor Driven By Pressure Energy 69
Abstract 69
Introduction 69
Determination of Formula of Quasi Numerical Equations 70
Determination of Relation of Quasi Number Equations 74
Verification of Dimensional Analysis Formula 75
Conclusion 77
Acknowledgements 77
References 77
Alloy Processing and Properties Modeling 78
7 Yield Strength Prediction in 3D During Local Heat Treatment of Structural A356 Alloy Components in Combination with Thermal-Stress Analysis 79
Abstract 79
Introduction 79
General Model Description 81
Energy and Stress Equations 82
Kinetic Calculation 82
Random Point Generation 82
Yield Strength Distribution in 3D 83
Results and Discussion 83
Summary 85
Acknowledgements 85
References 86
8 Thermodynamic Properties of Magnetic Semiconductors Ag2FeSn3S8 and Ag2FeSnS4 Determined by the EMF Method 88
Abstract 88
Introduction 89
Experimental 90
Results and Discussion 91
Summary and Conclusions 96
Acknowledgements 97
References 97
9 Effects of Heat Treatment on the Electrochemical Performance of Al Based Anode Materials for Air-Battery 100
Abstract 100
Introduction 100
Materials and Methods 101
Material Preparation 101
Electrochemical Measurements 102
Battery Performance Test 102
Corrosion Morphology After Discharge 102
Results and Discussion 103
Polarization and Impedance Spectroscopy 103
Battery Performance with Heat Treatment Temperature 105
Corrosion Morphology After Discharge Performance 107
Conclusions 108
Acknowledgements 108
References 109
Extractive and Recovery Processing 110
10 A Current Efficiency Prediction Model Based on Electrode Kinetics for Iron and Copper During Copper Electrowinning 111
Abstract 111
Introduction 111
Model Description 114
Governing Equations 114
Mass Transfer 114
Fluid Flow 116
Geometry 116
Boundary Conditions for Mass and Momentum Transfer 117
Electrodes 117
Inlet, Outlet and Walls 119
Operating Conditions 120
Results and Discussion 120
General Results and Validation 120
Current Efficiency Prediction with a Comparative Method 122
Current Efficiency Prediction with Kinetics Method 123
Summary 129
Acknowledgements 129
References 130
11 The K2SO4–CaSO4 System and Its Role in Fouling and Slagging During High-Temperature Processes 132
Abstract 132
Introduction 132
Thermochemical Data for Controlling Deposition 133
Phase Relations in the K2SO4–CaSO4 System 135
Experimental Section 136
Materials Preparation and Thermal Analysis 136
Results and Discussion 137
Thermochemical Data of K2SO4 137
Thermochemical Data of CaSO4 138
Thermochemical Data of K2SO4–CaSO4 138
Heat Capacity (Cp) Functions 139
Summary and Conclusions 140
Acknowledgements 140
References 140
12 Waste Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling in JX Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation
Abstract 142
Introduction 142
Background to LIB Recycling 143
LIB Recycling Process 143
The Development of the Process 143
Conclusion 146
13 Recovery of Platinum Group Metals Out of Automotive Catalytic Converters Scrap: A Review on Australian Trends and Challenges 147
Abstract 147
Introduction 147
PGMs State in Australia 148
Platinum-Group Metals Supply and Demand 149
PGM Resources 150
PGM Production 150
Market Survey for PGM Recycling 151
Influence of Automotive Catalysts on PGM Demand and Prices 151
PGM Recycling Potential 153
PGMs Recovery Techniques 153
Pyrometallurgical Route 154
Hydrometallurgical Route 155
The Method in Use 156
Proposal for an Improved Process 157
Conclusion 158
References 159
14 Leaching Recovery of Silver from Used Radiographic Films 160
Abstract 160
Introduction 161
Materials and Methods 161
Materials 161
Sample Preparation 161
Methods 162
Leaching of the Films in Water Bath 162
Thermal Decomposition 162
Visual Observation 163
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer 163
Results and Discussion 163
Conclusions 166
References 166
15 The Study of Copper Leaching from Conichalcite and Chalcopyrite Using Alternative Lixiviants 167
Abstract 167
Introduction 168
Materials and Methods 168
Sample Preparation 168
Leaching Tests 169
Chalcopyrite Leaching Tests 169
Conichalcite Leaching Tests 169
Analytical Methods 170
Results and Discussion 170
Chalcopyrite Leaching by Various Lixiviants and Oxidants 170
Conichalcite Leaching by Various Lixiviants and Oxidants 174
Conclusion 175
References 175
16 Effect of Chloride Ions on the Copper Extraction Using LIX 984N and Acorga M5910 177
Abstract 177
Introduction 177
Experimental 178
Results 179
Maximum Loading Capacity 179
Extraction Isotherms 180
Effect of the Temperature on the Extraction Equilibria 182
Effect of Temperature on the Stripping Equilibria 182
Copper-Iron Selectivity 183
Conclusions 184
Acknowledgements 184
References 184
17 CaCl2–O2 Roasting of Stibnite and a Complex Copper Concentrate at 500–650 ? 185
Abstract 185
Introduction 185
Experimental 186
Materials 187
Results 187
Effect of Temperature on the Chloridizing of Stibnite 188
Effect of the Partial Pressure of Oxygen 190
Chloridizing of the MH Complex Copper Concentrate 191
Effect of Oxygen Partial Pressure on the Chloridizing of MH Concentrate 193
Conclusions 193
Acknowledgements 194
References 194
18 Research on Sulfur Conversion Behavior in Oxygen Pressure Acid Leaching Process of High Indium Sphalerite 195
Abstract 195
Introduction 196
Experimental 196
Materials 196
Leaching Experiment 197
Results and Discussion 199
Effect of Liquid-Solid Ratio on the Conversion Rate of Sulfur 199
Effect of Leaching Temperature on the Conversion Rate of Sulfur 199
Effect of Initial Acid Concentration on the Conversion Rate of Sulfur 200
Effect of Leaching Time on the Conversion Rate of Sulfur 201
Effect of Partial Oxygen Pressure on the Conversion Rate of Sulfur 202
SEM Micro-Morphology Analysis of Leaching Residue 202
Conclusion 203
Acknowledgements 204
References 204
Poster Session 205
19 Hybrid Modeling for Endpoint Carbon Content Prediction in EAF Steelmaking 206
Abstract 206
Introduction 207
Mechanism Model for Endpoint Carbon Content Prediction 208
Input Model of Carbon 208
Model of Oxygen Utilization 209
Mechanism Model for Endpoint Carbon Content Prediction 211
Optimized ELM 212
Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) 212
Evolving Membrane Algorithm (EMA) 213
Optimized ELM Model 214
Hybrid Intelligent Prediction Model for Endpoint Carbon Content 214
Structure of Hybrid Intelligent Prediction Model 214
Relevant Parameters Predicted by ELM in the Mechanism Model 216
Experiments 216
Conclusions 218
Acknowledgements 219
References 219
20 DEM Simulation of Dispersion of Cohesive Particles by Spontaneous Inter-particle Percolation in a 3D Random Packed Bed 220
Abstract 220
Introduction 221
Model Details 222
DEM Model 222
Simulation Conditions 222
Results and Discussion 224
Model Validity 224
Effect of Cohesive Force on Percolation Velocity 226
Effect of Cohesive Force on Dispersion Behaviour 227
Conclusions 229
Acknowledgements 229
References 229
Author Index 231
Subject Index 233

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 9.1.2018
• Reihe/Serie: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series
• Reihe/Serie: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series
• Zusatzinfo: XIII, 241 p. 127 illus.
• Verlagsort: Cham
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• Schlagworte: Joining • liquid metal • materials processing • Materials Science • multiphase processing • Transport phenomena
• ISBN-10: 3-319-72131-3 / 3319721313
• ISBN-13: 978-3-319-72131-6 / 9783319721316