The Effects of Sound on People (eBook)

James P. Cowan (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2016
John Wiley & Sons (Verlag)
978-1-118-89567-2 (ISBN)

Infos

Provides a summary of current research results on the physiological and psychological effects of sound on people

• Covers how the operation of the hearing mechanism affects our reactions to sounds
• Includes research results from studies on noise sources of public concern such as transportation, public utility, and recreational sources, with emphasis on low frequency sound and infrasound
• Covers sounds that affect some but not others, how sounds can be controlled on a practical level, and how and what sounds are regulated
• Includes coverage of both positive and negative effects of sound

James P. Cowan is a board-certified noise control engineer with more than 30 years of experience in noise control, architectural acoustics, and environmental noise issues. He has consulted to public agencies, architects, engineers, industrial personnel, and attorneys in all areas of noise control; hearing damage and protection criteria; and acoustic design of all types of spaces. Mr. Cowan has lectured on acoustical topics to thousands of professionals, delivering live seminars and webinars, and teaching courses for universities, professional societies, and private organizations across the US for more than 25 years. In addition to several book chapters and many published articles, Mr. Cowan is the author of Architectural Acoustics Design Guide, published by McGraw-Hill in 2000, Architectural Acoustics, an interactive educational CD set published by McGraw-Hill in 1999, and Handbook of Environmental Acoustics, a reference book in community noise issues published by Van Nostrand Reinhold (subsequently Wiley) in 1994.

Inhalt

List of Figures

List of Tables

About the Author

Series Preface

Preface

Chapter 1 Acoustic parameters

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Sound generation

1.2.1 Frequency

1.2.2 Wavelength

1.3 Sound propagation

1.3.1 Unimpeded divergence

1.3.2 Impeded propagation

Reflection

Refraction

Diffraction

Diffusion

1.3.3 Sound behavior indoors

Echo

Room modes

Reverberation

1.3.4 Sound behavior outdoors

Atmospheric absorption

Atmospheric refraction

Ground effects

Vegetation effects

Chapter 2 Sound description

2.1 Introduction

2.2 The decibel scale

2.3 Frequency weighting networks

2.3.1 Loudness

2.3.2 Weighting scales

2.4 Frequency band analysis

2.4.1 Noise by color

2.5 Common sound descriptors

2.5.1 Environmental descriptors

2.5.2 Sound propagation in terms of sound levels

Divergence

Refraction and diffraction

Reverberation

Chapter 3 Sound perception

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Human hearing apparatus and mechanism

3.2.1 Outer ear

3.2.2 Middle ear

3.2.3 Inner ear

3.2.4 Signal processing in the brain

Localization

Masking and audibility

3.2.5 Vestibular system

3.3 Alternate sound perception mechanisms

3.3.1 Bone conduction

3.3.2 Cartilage hearing

3.3.3 Tinnitus

3.34 Electromagnetic hearing

3.4 Hypersensitivities

3.4.1 Hyperacusis/misophonia

3.4.2 Electrohypersensitivity

3.5 Low frequency and infrasound perception

Chapter 4 Physiological effects of sound exposure

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Body resonance and damage potential

4.3 Hearing loss

4.3.1 Presbycusis

4.3.2 Noise-induced hearing loss

4.3.3 Hearing loss from illness or agents

4.4 Cardiovascular disease

4.4.1 Hypertension

4.4.2 Ischaemic diseases

4.5 Vibroacoustic disease

4.6 Low frequency noise concerns

4.7 Infrasound concerns

Chapter 5 Psychological effects of sound exposure

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Annoyance

5.3 Stress

5.4 Sleep disturbance

5.5 Learning disabilities

5.5.1 Cognitive development/school performance

5.5.2 Office/occupational

5.6 Emotional effects

Chapter 6 Sound sources associated with negative effects

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Transportation sources

6.2.1 Roadway

6.2.2 Aircraft

Fixed wing

Rotary wing

6.2.3 Rail

6.3 Industry and utilities

6.3.1 Power plants

6.3.2 Wind farms

6.3.3 Electrical power systems

6.4 Personal/recreational sources

6.4.1 Firearms

6.4.2 Public performances

6.4.3 Toys/ personal listening devices

6.4.4 Appliances/tools

6.5 Hums

6.6 Acoustic weapons

Chapter 7 Positive effects of sound

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Music psychology

7.3 Sound therapies

7.4 Natural sources/soundscapes

7.5 Using sound to influence people

Chapter 8 Sound control and regulation

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Sound control fundamentals

8.2.1 Absorption

8.2.2 Transmission control

8.2.3 Partial barriers

8.2.4 Cancellation

8.2.5 Control at the source

8.2.6 Control in the path between the source and listener

8.2.7 Control at the listener

Acoustic privacy

8.3 Regulations and guidelines

8.3.1 Occupational

8.3.2 Environmental

National

Local

8.4 Current and future research

Glossary

Index

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.3.2016
• Reihe/Serie: Wiley Series in Acoustics Noise and Vibration
• Reihe/Serie: Wiley Series in Acoustics Noise and Vibration
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• Schlagworte: acoustic • Acoustic effects • Acoustic Physics • Control Process & Measurements • effect of sound • Energie • Energie u. Umweltaspekte • Energy • Energy & Environmental Impact • Hearing research • Human Hearing • infrasound effects • low frequency sound effects • Maschinenbau • mechanical engineering • Mess- u. Regeltechnik • negative effects of sound • noise control principles • noise effects • Noise sources • Physics • Physics of Acoustics • Physik • Physik des Schalls • positive effects of sound • Sound Control • sound effects • sound generation • Sound Perception
• ISBN-10: 1-118-89567-3 / 1118895673
• ISBN-13: 978-1-118-89567-2 / 9781118895672