Wireless Communications & Networking (eBook)

Vijay Garg (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2010 | 1. Auflage
840 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-054907-1 (ISBN)

Infos

This book provides comprehensive coverage of mobile data networking and mobile communications under a single cover for diverse audiences including managers, practicing engineers, and students who need to understand this industry. In the last two decades, many books have been written on the subject of wireless communications and networking. However, mobile data networking and mobile communications were not fully addressed in a unified fashion. This book fills that gap in the literature and is written to provide essentials of wireless communications and wireless networking, including Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), and Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWAN).

The first ten chapters of the book focus on the fundamentals that are required to study mobile data networking and mobile communications. Numerous solved examples have been included to show applications of theoretical concepts. In addition, unsolved problems are given at the end of each chapter for practice. (A solutions manual will be available.)

After introducing fundamental concepts, the book focuses on mobile networking aspects. Four chapters are devoted on the discussion of WPAN, WLAN, WWAN, and internetworking between WLAN and WWAN. Remaining seven chapters deal with other aspects of mobile communications such as mobility management, security, cellular network planning, and 4G systems.

A unique feature of this book that is missing in most of the available books on wireless communications and networking is a balance between the theoretical and practical concepts.

Moreover, this book can be used to teach a one/two semester course in mobile data networking and mobile communications to ECE and CS students.

*Details the essentials of Wireless Personal Area Networks(WPAN), Wireless Local Are Networks (WLAN), and Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWAN)
*Comprehensive and up-to-date coverage including the latest in standards and 4G technology
*Suitable for classroom use in senior/first year grad level courses. Solutions manual and other instructor support available

Inhalt

Cover Page 1
Wireless Communications and Networking 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 8
About the Author 24
Preface 26
Chapter 1. An Overview of Wireless Systems 30
1.1 Introduction 30
1.2 First- and Second-Generation Cellular Systems 31
1.3 Cellular Communications from 1G to 3G 34
1.4 Road Map for Higher Data Rate Capability in 3G 37
1.5 Wireless 4G Systems 43
1.6 Future Wireless Networks 44
1.7 Standardization Activities for Cellular Systems 46
1.8 Summary 48
Problems 49
References 49
Chapter 2. Teletraffic Engineering 52
2.1 Introduction 52
2.2 Service Level 52
2.3 Traffic Usage 53
2.4 Traffic Measurement Units 54
2.5 Call Capacity 59
2.6 Definitions of Terms 61
2.7 Data Collection 65
2.8 Office Engineering Considerations 65
2.9 Traffic Types 67
2.10 Blocking Formulas 68
2.11 Summary 72
Problems 73
References 74
Chapter 3. Radio Propagation and Propagation Path-Loss Models 76
3.1 Introduction 76
3.2 Free-Space Attenuation 77
3.3 Attenuation over Reflecting Surface 79
3.4 Effect of Earth’s Curvature 82
3.5 Radio Wave Propagation 83
3.6 Characteristics of a Wireless Channel 87
3.7 Signal Fading Statistics 91
3.8 Level Crossing Rate and Average Fade Duration 94
3.9 Propagation Path-Loss Models 95
3.10 Indoor Path-Loss Models 104
3.11 Fade Margin 105
3.12 Link Margin 108
3.13 Summary 110
Problems 111
References 112
Chapter 4. An Overview of Digital Communication and Transmission 114
4.1 Introduction 114
4.2 Baseband Systems 116
4.3 Messages, Characters, and Symbols 116
4.4 Sampling Process 117
4.5 Voice Communication 126
4.6 Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) 127
4.7 Pulse Code Modulation 129
4.8 Shannon Limit 131
4.9 Modulation 132
4.10 Performance Parameters of Coding and Modulation Scheme 134
4.11 Power Limited and Bandwidth-Limited Channel 137
4.12 Nyquist Bandwidth 138
4.13 OSI Model 141
4.14 Data Communication Services 142
4.15 Multiplexing 144
4.16 Transmission Media 145
4.17 Transmission Impairments 147
4.18 Summary 149
Problems 150
References 150
Chapter 5. Fundamentals of Cellular Communications 152
5.1 Introduction 152
5.2 Cellular Systems 152
5.3 Hexagonal Cell Geometry 154
5.4 Cochannel Interference Ratio 160
5.5 Cellular System Design in Worst-Case Scenario with an Omnidirectional Antenna 163
5.6 Cochannel Interference Reduction 165
5.7 Directional Antennas in Seven-Cell Reuse Pattern 166
5.8 Cell Splitting 170
5.9 Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI) 173
5.10 Segmentation 173
5.11 Summary 174
Problems 175
References 176
Chapter 6. Multiple Access Techniques 178
6.1 Introduction 178
6.2 Narrowband Channelized Systems 179
6.3 Spectral Efficiency 185
6.4 Wideband Systems 192
6.5 Comparisons of FDMA, TDMA, and DS-CDMA 195
6.6 Capacity of a DS-CDMA System 197
6.7 Comparison of DS-CDMA vs. TDMA System Capacity 200
6.8 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum with M-ary Frequency Shift Keying 201
6.9 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) 202
6.10 Multicarrier DS-CDMA (MC-DS-CDMA) 204
6.11 Random Access Methods 205
6.12 Idle Signal Casting Multiple Access 213
6.13 Packet Reservation Multiple Access 213
6.14 Error Control Schemes for Link Layer 214
6.15 Summary 217
Problems 218
References 219
Chapter 7. Architecture of a Wireless Wide-Area Network (WWAN) 222
7.1 Introduction 222
7.2 WWAN Subsystem Entities 223
7.3 Logical Channels 228
7.4 Channel and Frame Structure 230
7.5 Basic Signal Characteristics 232
7.6 Speech Processing 232
7.7 Power Levels in Mobile Station 237
7.8 GSM Public Land Mobile Network Services 238
7.9 Summary 241
Problems 242
References 242
Chapter 8. Speech Coding and Channel Coding 244
8.1 Introduction 244
8.2 Speech Coding 244
8.3 Speech Codecs in European Systems 251
8.4 CELP Speech Codec 256
8.5 Enhanced Variable Rate Codec 259
8.6 Channel Coding 262
8.7 Summary 275
Problems 276
References 276
Chapter 9. Modulation Schemes 278
9.1 Introduction 278
9.2 Introduction to Modulation 278
9.3 Phase Shift Keying 286
9.4 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 301
9.5 M-ary Frequency Shift Keying 304
9.6 Modulation Selection 307
9.7 Synchronization 307
9.8 Equalization 311
9.9 Summary 313
Problems 313
References 314
Chapter 10. Antennas, Diversity, and Link Analysis 316
10.1 Introduction 316
10.2 Antenna System 316
10.3 Antenna Gain 317
10.4 Performance Criteria of Antenna Systems 322
10.5 Relationship between Directivity, Gain, and Beam Width of an Antenna 324
10.6 Diversity 329
10.7 Combining Methods 331
10.8 Rake Receiver 339
10.9 Link Budgets 341
10.10 Summary 343
Problems 344
References 344
Chapter 11. Spread Spectrum (SS) and CDMA Systems 346
11.1 Introduction 346
11.2 Concept of Spread Spectrum 346
11.3 System Processing Gain 350
11.4 Requirements of Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum 357
11.5 Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum Systems 358
11.6 Operational Advantages of SS Modulation 362
11.7 Coherent Binary Phase-Shift Keying DSSS 364
11.8 Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying DSSS 366
11.9 Bit Scrambling 368
11.10 Requirements of Spreading Codes 370
11.11 Multipath Path Signal Propagation and Rake Receiver 371
11.12 Critical Challenges of CDMA 376
11.13 TIA IS-95 CDMA System 376
11.14 Power Control in CDMA 385
11.15 Softer and Soft Handoff 390
11.16 Summary 393
Problems 393
References 395
Chapter 12. Mobility Management in Wireless Networks 398
12.1 Introduction 398
12.2 Mobility Management Functions 399
12.3 Mobile Location Management 400
12.4 Mobile Registration 405
12.5 Handoff 413
12.6 Summary 422
Problems 423
References 423
Chapter 13. Security in Wireless Systems 426
13.1 Introduction 426
13.2 Security and Privacy Needs of a Wireless System 428
13.3 Required Features for a Secured Wireless Communications System 436
13.4 Methods of Providing Privacy and Security in Wireless Systems 436
13.5 Wireless Security and Standards 438
13.6 IEEE 802.11 Security 438
13.7 Security in North American Cellular/PCS Systems 440
13.8 Security in GSM, GPRS, and UMTS 444
13.9 Data Security 449
13.10 Air Interface Support for Authentication Methods 458
13.11 Summary of Security in Current Wireless Systems 459
13.12 Summary 461
Problems 461
References 462
Chapter 14. Mobile Network and Transport Layer 464
14.1 Introduction 464
14.2 Concept of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Suite in Internet 465
14.3 Network Layer in the Internet 468
14.4 TCP/IP Suite 475
14.5 Transmission Control Protocol 477
14.6 Mobile IP (MIP) and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) 486
14.7 Internet Reference Model 493
14.8 Summary 494
Problems 494
References 495
Chapter 15. Wide-Area Wireless Networks (WANs) — GSM Evolution 498
15.1 Introduction 498
15.2 GSM Evolution for Data 499
15.3 Third-Generation (3G) Wireless Systems 518
15.4 UMTS Network Reference Architecture 524
15.5 Channel Structure in UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network 526
15.6 Spreading and Scrambling in UMTS 533
15.7 UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network Overview 535
15.8 UMTS Core Network Architecture 547
15.9 Adaptive Multi-Rate Codec for UMTS 552
15.10 UMTS Bearer Service 553
15.11 QoS Management 555
15.12 Quality of Service in UMTS 557
15.13 High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) 559
15.14 Freedom of Mobile multimedia Access (FOMA) 565
15.15 Summary 566
Problems 567
References 568
Chapter 16. Wide-Area Wireless Networks — cdmaOne Evolution 570
16.1 Introduction 570
16.2 cdma2000 Layering Structure 573
16.3 Forward Link Physical Channels of cdma2000 579
16.4 Forward Link Features 582
16.5 Reverse Link Physical Channels of cdma2000 591
16.6 Evolution of cdmaOne (IS-95) to cdma2000 597
16.7 Technical Differences between cdma2000 and WCDMA 615
16.8 Summary 616
Problems 621
References 621
Chapter 17. Planning and Design of Wide-Area Wireless Networks 624
17.1 Introduction 624
17.2 Planning and Design of a Wireless Network 625
17.3 Radio Design for a Cellular Network 629
17.4 Receiver Sensitivity and Link Budget 631
17.5 cdma2000 1X EV-DO 644
17.6 High-Speed Downlink Packet Access 649
17.7 Iub Interface Dimensioning 653
17.8 Radio Network Controller Dimensioning 653
17.9 Summary 655
Problems 655
References 658
Chapter 18. Wireless Application Protocol 660
18.1 Introduction 660
18.2 WAP and the World Wide Web (WWW) 660
18.3 Introduction to Wireless Application Protocol 661
18.4 The WAP Programming Model 662
18.5 WAP Architecture 665
18.6 Traditional WAP Networking Environment 672
18.7 WAP Advantages and Disadvantages 674
18.8 Applications of WAP 675
18.9 imode 676
18.10 imode versus WAP 678
18.11 Summary 679
Problems 679
References 679
Chapter 19. Wireless Personal Area Network—Bluetooth 682
19.1 Introduction 682
19.2 The Wireless Personal Area Network 683
19.3 Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15.1) 685
19.4 Definitions of the Terms Used in Bluetooth 688
19.5 Bluetooth Protocol Stack 689
19.6 Bluetooth Link Types 692
19.7 Bluetooth Security 695
19.8 Network Connection Establishment in Bluetooth 698
19.9 Error Correction in Bluetooth 699
19.10 Network Topology in Bluetooth 700
19.11 Bluetooth Usage Models 700
19.12 Bluetooth Applications 701
19.13 WAP and Bluetooth 702
19.14 Summary 702
Problems 702
References 703
Chapter 20. Wireless Personal Area Networks: Low Rate and High Rate 704
20.1 Introduction 704
20.2 Wireless Sensor Network 704
20.3 Usage of Wireless Sensor Networks 707
20.4 Wireless Sensor Network Model 707
20.5 Sensor Network Protocol Stack 712
20.6 ZigBee Technology 717
20.7 IEEE 802.15.4 LR-WPAN Device Architecture 720
20.8 IEEE 802.15.3a — Ultra WideBand 732
20.9 Radio Frequency Identification 736
20.10 Summary 739
Problems 739
References 740
Chapter 21. Wireless Local Area Networks 742
21.1 Introduction 742
21.2 WLAN Equipment 745
21.3 WLAN Topologies 746
21.4 WLAN Technologies 748
21.5 IEEE 802.11 WLAN 750
21.6 Joining an Existing Basic Service Set 773
21.7 Security of IEEE 802.11 Systems 776
21.8 Power Management 776
21.9 IEEE 802.11b — High Rate DSSS 777
21.10 IEEE 802.11n 778
21.11 Other WLAN Standards 781
21.12 Performance of a Bluetooth Piconet in the Presence of IEEE 802.11 WLANs 788
21.13 Interference between Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11 792
21.14 IEEE 802.16 794
21.15 World Interoperability for MicroAccess, Inc. (WiMAX) 796
21.16 Summary 801
Problems 803
References 804
Appendix A. Traffic Tables 806
Acronyms 816
Index 836
Chapter 22. Interworking between Wireless Local Area Networks and 3G Wireless Wide Area Networks 852
22.1 Introduction 852
22.2 Interworking Objectives and Requirements 853
22.3 Interworking Schemes to Connect WLANs and 3G Networks 854
22.4 De Facto WLAN System Architecture 856
22.5 Session Mobility 858
22.6 Interworking Architectures for WLAN and GPRS 859
22.7 System Description with Tight Coupling 860
22.8 System Description with Loose Coupling 868
22.9 Local Multipoint Distribution Service 877
22.10 Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System 880
22.11 Summary 882
Problems 883
References 883
Chapter 23. Fourth Generation Systems and New Wireless Technologies 886
23.1 Introduction 886
23.2 4G Vision 887
23.3 4G Features and Challenges 888
23.4 Applications of 4G 892
23.5 4G Technologies 892
23.6 Summary 906
Problems 906
References 907
Appendix B. Path Loss over a Reflecting Surface 908
Appendix C. Error Functions 912
Appendix D. Spreading Codes Used in CDMA 916
Appendix E. Power Units 926
Index 928

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 28.7.2010
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Netzwerke
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Nachrichtentechnik
• ISBN-10: 0-08-054907-1 / 0080549071
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-054907-1 / 9780080549071