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The copper mines of Michigan's Copper Country, in the Upper Peninsula, were active for 150 years, from 1845 until 1995. Many of the mine workers attempted to unionize, in order to obtain better working conditions, wages, and hours.
The Michigan miners were unsuccessful in their struggles with mine owners, which came to a climax in the 1913–14 Copper Country Strike. This nine-month battle between workers represented by the Western Federation of Miners (WFM) and the three major mining companies in the region took a particularly nasty turn on Christmas Eve, 1913, at a party for strikers and their families organized by the WFM. As many as 500 people were in the Italian Benevolent Society hall in Calumet, Michigan, when someone reportedly shouted "fire." There was no fire, but it is estimated that 73–79 people, more than 60 of them children, died in the stampede for the exit.
Against this dramatic backdrop, Gary Kaunonen tells the story of Finnish immigrants to Copper Country. By examining the written record and material culture of Finnish immigrant proletarians-analyzing buildings, cultural institutions, and publications of the socialist-unionist media—Kaunonen adds a new depth to our understanding of the time and place, the events and a people.
Gary Kaunonen is currently in Michigan Technological University's Ph.D. program in Rhetoric and Technical Communication. Both of his grandfathers worked in the mines of the Mesabi Iron Range in northeastern Minnesota, and, before becoming an academic, Kaunonen, himself, charged blast furnaces and operated a bull-ladle in an iron foundry.
Contents
Diagrams, Drawing,and Maps
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Ch. 1/ Finnish Immigration and Settlement in a Hancock, Michigan, Neighborhood
Ch. 2/ Finnish Immigrant Cultural Organizations and the “Finn Hall”
Ch. 3/ Finnish Immigrant Socialist-Unionists in Hancock
Ch. 4/ The Early Existence of the Työmies Publishing Company, 1904–1909
Ch. 5/ The Työmies Publishing Company Reaches Maturity,1910–1913
Ch. 6/ The 1913–14 Copper Country Strike
Ch. 7/ Gun Hounds, Scabs,and Tragedy
Conclusion
Epilogue
Appendix 1/Työmies Publishing Company Staff andContributors, 1909
Appendix 2/ Työmies Publishing Company Interior Use of Space
Appendix 3/ Copper Territory Strikers’ March, 1913
Appendix 4/ Työmies Publishing Company’s Composite List of Italian Hall Deceased, 1913
Notes
Bibliography
Index
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 30.5.2010 |
|---|---|
| Verlagsort | East Lansing, MI |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 152 x 229 mm |
| Gewicht | 399 g |
| Themenwelt | Geschichte ► Allgemeine Geschichte ► Neuzeit (bis 1918) |
| Geisteswissenschaften ► Geschichte ► Regional- / Ländergeschichte | |
| Geschichte ► Teilgebiete der Geschichte ► Kulturgeschichte | |
| Technik ► Bergbau | |
| ISBN-10 | 0-87013-873-1 / 0870138731 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-87013-873-7 / 9780870138737 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
| Informationen gemäß Produktsicherheitsverordnung (GPSR) | |
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