Becoming a Teacher
Pearson (Verlag)
978-0-205-38854-7 (ISBN)
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Every chapter contains “Summary,” “Key Terms and Concepts,” and “Applications and Activities.”I. The Teaching Profession.
Dear Mentor.
1. Teaching: Your Chosen Profession.
Why Do You Want to Teach?
Desire to Work with Children and Young People.
A Passion for Teaching.
Influence of Teachers.
Desire to Serve.
Professional Reflection: Assessing Your Reasons for Choosing to Teach.
Practical Benefits of Teaching.
What Are the Challenges of Teaching?
Classroom Management and Increasing School Violence.
Social Problems That Impact Students.
Need for Family and Community Support.
Long Working Hours and Job Stress.
Gaining Professional Empowerment.
What Is Teaching Really Like?
Reality 1: The Unpredictability of Outcomes.
Reality 2: The Difficulty of Assessing Students Learning.
Reality 3: The Need for Teacher-Student Partnership.
Reality 4: The Impact of Teachers Attitudes.
Reality 5: The Drama and Immediacy of Teaching.
Reality 6: The Uniqueness of the Teaching Experience.
What Does Society Expect of Teachers?
The Public Trust.
Teacher Competency and Effectiveness.
Teacher Accountability.
How Do Good Teachers View Their Work?
A Way of Being.
A Creative Endeavor.
A Live Performance.
A Form of Empowerment.
An Opportunity to Serve.
As Keepers of the Dream.
Meeting the Standards: Sorting Through the Maze.
On the Frontlines: What Teachers Need to Know.
Keepers of the Dream.
2. Learning to Teach.
What Essential Knowledge Do You Need to Teach?
Self-Knowledge.
Knowledge of Students.
Professional Reflection: Inventorying Your Knowledge of Children and Youth.
Knowledge of Subject.
Knowledge of Methods for Applying Educational Theory and Research.
What Are Five Ways of Viewing the Teacher Knowledge Base?
A Personal Development View.
Research-Based Competencies.
State Standards.
A Job-Analysis Approach.
Technology Highlights: What technology related knowledge and skills do teachers need?
Professional Views.
How Do Reforms in Teacher Education Affect You?
Increased Academic Preparation.
Expanded Role for Schools.
State Standards Boards.
What Can You Learn from Observing in Classrooms?
Technology and Classroom Observations.
Focused Observations.
Observation Instruments.
How Can You Gain Practical Experience for Becoming a Teacher?
Classroom Experiences.
On the Frontlines: Discipline Challenges.
Student Teaching.
Gaining Experiences in Multicultural Settings.
Induction and Internship Programs.
School-Based Teacher Education.
Substitute Teaching.
How Can You Develop Your Teaching Portfolio?
Portfolio Contents.
Using a Portfolio.
How Can You Benefit from Mentoring Relationships?
What Opportunities for Continuing Professional Development Will You Have?
Meeting the Standards: Researches Effectiveness of Own Teaching.
Self-Assessment for Professional Growth.
Teacher Workshops.
Teacher Centers.
Professional Development Schools.
Supervision and Mentoring of Student Teachers.
Graduate Study.
Study on the Internet.
Appendix 2.1: Florida Performance Measurement System Screening/Summative Observation Instrument.
Appendix 2.2: Models of Professional Standards: Kentuckys New Teacher Standards.
Appendix 2.3: Sample NBPTS Portfolio Entries: Early Childhood Generalist Portfolio, for teachers of students ages 3-8.
Appendix 2.4: Sample NBTPS Portfolio Exercise.
Appendix 2.5: NPBTS Assessment Center Activities.
Appendix 2.6: Formative Observation of Effective Teaching Practices Instrument.
Appendix 2.7: Professional Development Opportunities on the Internet.
Part I Closer. Reflections on Education: The Rewards and Challenges of Those First Years of Teaching.
II. Foundations of Teaching.
Dear Mentor.
3. Ideas and Events That Have Shaped Education in the United States.
What Determines Your Educational Philosophy?
Beliefs About Teaching and Learning.
Meeting the Standards: Models and Promotes Intellectual Growth.
VBeliefs About Students.
Beliefs About Knowledge.
Beliefs About What Is Worth Knowing.
What Are the Branches of Philosophy?
Metaphysics.
Epistemology.
Axiology.
What Are Five Modern Philosophical Orientations to Teaching?
Perennialism.
Essentialism.
Progressivism.
Social Reconstructionism.
Social Reconstructionism and Progressivism.
What Psychological Orientations Have Influenced Teaching Philosophies?
Humanistic Philosophy.
Behaviorism.
Constructivism.
How Can You Develop Your Educational Philosophy?
What Were Teaching and Schools Like in the American Colonies (1620-1750)?
Colonial Schools.
The Origins of Mandated Education.
Education for African Americans and Native Americans.
What Were the Goals of Education during the Revolutionary Period (1750-1820)?
Benjamin Franklins Academy.
Sarah Pierces Female Academy.
Thomas Jeffersons Philosophy.
Noah Websters Speller.
How Was the Struggle Won for State-Supported Common Schools (1820-1865)?
Horace Manns Contributions.
Reverend W. H. McGuffys Readers.
Justin Morrills Land-Grant Schools.
How Did Compulsory Education Change Schools and the Teaching Profession (1865-1920)?
Higher Education for African Americans.
The Kindergarten.
The Professionalization of Teaching.
What Were the Aims of Education during the Progressive Era (1920-1945)?
John Deweys Laboratory School.
Maria Montessoris Method.
Education of Immigrants and Minorities.
How Did Education Change during the Modern Postwar Era (1945-Present)?
The 1950s: Defense Education and School Desegregation
Keepers of the Dream.
The 1960s: The War on Poverty and the Great Society.
The 1970s: Accountability and Equal Opportunity.
The 1980s: A Great Debate.
On the Frontlines: The Changing Demographic of U.S. Schools.
The 1990s: Teacher Leadership.
The New Century: Continuing the Quest for Excellence.
Professional Reflection: Using a Philosophic Inventory.
4. Social Realities Confronting Todays Schools.
What is the Role of Schools in Todays Society?
Schools and Prosocial Values.
Schools and Socialization of the Young.
Schools and Social Change.
Schools and Equal Educational Opportunity.
How Can Schools Be Described?
Metaphors for Schools.
Schools and Social Class.
What Are Schools Like as Social Institutions?The School as a Reflection of Society.
Technology Highlights: Are up-to-date technologies being used effectively in low-income urban schools?
The Culture of the School.
The Culture of the Classroom.
What Characteristics Distinguish Successful Schools?
Measures of Success.
Research on School Effectiveness.
What Social Problems Affect Schools and Place Students at Risk?
Identifying Students at Risk.
Children and Poverty.
Family Stress.
Substance Abuse.
Violence and Crime.
Professional Reflection: Identifying Factors Behind Youth Violence
Teen Pregnancy.
Suicide Among Children and Youths.
What Are Schools Doing to Address Societal Problems?
On the Frontlines: Making Schools Safe.
Peer Counseling.
Full-Service Schools.
School-Based Interprofessional Case Management.
Compensatory Education.
Alternative Schools and Curricula.
How Can Community-Based Partnerships Address Social Problems That Hinder Students Learning?
The Community as a Resource for Schools.
Meeting the Standards: Generic Standard: Teaches the Whole Student.
Schools as Resources for Communities.
Appendix 4.1: School Safety Checklist.
Appendix 4.2: Selected Resources for Meeting Needs of Students Placed at Risk.
Appendix 4.3: Family Needs Assessment.
5. Struggles for Control of Schools in the United States.
Who Is Involved in the Struggles for Control of Schools in the United States?
What Is the Role of the Local Community in School Governance?Local School District.
On the Frontlines: Sex Education in the Schools.
School Board.
Superintendent of Schools.
The Role of Parents.
Keepers of the Dream.
School Restructuring.
School-Based Management.
What Powers and Influence Do States Have In Governing Schools?
Meeting the Standards.
The Roles of State Government in Education.
State Board of Education.
State Department of Education.
Chief State School Officer.
What Assistance Do Regional Education Agencies Provide?
How Does the Federal Government Influence Education?
The Impact of Presidential Policies.
U.S. Department of Education.
How Are Schools Financed in the United States?
Local Funding.
State Funding.
Federal Funding.
What Are Some Trends in Funding for Equity and Excellence?
Tax Reform and Redistricting.
Vertical Equity.
School Choice.
Voucher Systems.
Professional Reflection: Reflecting on School Choice.
Corporate-Education Partnerships.
How Will the Privatization Movement Affect Equity and Excellence in Education?
Charter Schools.
For-Profit Schools.
Appendix 5.1: Typical Organizational Structure for a Medium-Size School District (20,000 Pupils)
6. Ethical and Legal Issues in Education in the United States.
Why Do You Need a Professional Code of Ethics?
Ethical Teaching Attitudes and Practices.
Ethical Dilemmas in Classroom and School.
What Are Your Legal Rights as a Teacher?
Certification.
Teachers Rights to Nondiscrimination.
Teaching Contracts.
Due Process in Tenure and Dismissal.
Academic Freedom.
Professional Reflection: Identifying the consequences of responding to an ethical dilemma.
Do Student Teachers Have the Same Rights?
What Are Your Legal Responsibilities as a Teacher?
Avoiding Tort Liability.
Reporting Child Abuse.
Observing Copyright Laws.
Technology Highlights: What ethical and legal issues will you face regarding the use of computer software?
What Are the Legal Rights of Students and Parents?
Freedom of Expression.
Due Process in Suspension and Expulsion.
Reasonable Search and Seizure.
On the Frontlines: Fighting Drugs.
Privacy.
Students Rights to Nondiscrimination.
What Are Some Issues in the Legal Rights of School Districts?
Corporal Punishment.
Sexual Harassment.
Religious Expression.
Home Schooling
Meeting the Standards: Acts Legally and Ethically and with Compassion.
Part II Closer. Reflections on Education: Countering our “Socially Toxic Environment.”
III. The Art of Teaching.
Dear Mentor.
7. Teaching Diverse Learners.
How Is Diversity Embedded in the Culture of the United States?
The Meaning of Culture.
Ethnicity and Race.
The Concept of Minorities.
Stereotyping and Racism.
Professional Reflection: Reflecting on Your Cultural Identity.
What Does Equal Educational Opportunity Mean?
Keepers of the Dream.
Education and African Americans.
Education and Latino and Hispanic Americans.
Meeting the Standards: Respects Student Diversity.
Education and Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders.
Education and Native Americans and Alaskan Natives.
What Is Meant by Bilingual Education?
Research and Debate on Bilingual Programs.
Advice for Monolingual Teachers.
What Is Multicultural Education?
Dimensions of Multicultural Education.
Keepers of the Dream.
Multicultural Curricula.
On the Frontlines: Connecting with Families.
Multicultural Instructional Materials and Strategies.
How Is Gender a Dimension of Multicultural Education?
Technology Highlights.
Gender Differences.
Gender and Education.
Gender-Fair Classrooms and Curricula.
8. Addressing Learners Individual Needs.
How Do Students Needs Change as They Develop?
Piagets Model of Cognitive Development.
Eriksons Model of Psychosocial Development.
Kohlbergs Model of Moral Development.
On the Frontlines: Character Education.
Maslows Model of a Hierarchy of Needs.
Developmental Stresses and Tasks of Childhood.
Developmental Stresses and Tasks of Adolescence.
How Do Students Vary in Intelligence?
Intelligence Testing.
Multiple Intelligences.
Learning Styles.
Professional Reflection: Identifying Your Learning Style Preferences.
How Do Students Vary in Ability and Disability?
Exceptional Learners.
Students with Disabilities.
Students Who Are Gifted and Talented.
Meeting the Standards: Individualized Instruction.
What Are Special Education, Mainstreaming, and Inclusion?
Special Education Laws.
Meeting the Mainstreaming Challenge.
The Debate Over Inclusion.
Equal Opportunity for Exceptional Learners.
How Can You Teach All Learners in Your Inclusive Classroom?
Collaborative Consultation with Other Professionals.
Working with Parents.
Assistive Technology for Special Learners.
Technology Highlights: How can word prediction software enhance the writing abilities of students with disabilities?
Appendix 8.1 A Sample Individualized Education Plan (IEP).
9. Authentic Instruction and Curricula for Creating a Community of Learners.
What Determines the Culture of the Classroom?
Classroom Climate.
Classroom Dynamics.
How Can You Create a Positive Learning Environment?
Keepers of the Dream.
The Caring Classroom.
The Classroom as a Physical Environment.
Classroom Organization.
Professional Reflection.
What Are the Keys to Successful Classroom Management?
The Democratic Classroom.
Preventive Planning.
Effective Responses to Student Behavior.
On the Frontlines: Social Cruelty,
What Teaching Methods Do Effective Teachers Use?
Methods Based on Learning New Behaviors.
Methods Based on Child Development.
Methods Based on the Thinking Process.
Methods Based on Peer-Mediated Instruction.
What Is Taught in Schools?
Kinds of Curriculum.
Meeting the Standards: Creating a Positive Learning Culture.
Professional Reflection: Identifying Kinds of Curriculum.
Curriculum Content.
How Is the School Curriculum Developed?
The Focus of Curriculum Planning.
Student-Centered versus Subject-Centered Curricula.
The Integrated Curriculum.
Who Plans the Curriculum?
What Influences Curricular Decisions?
Textbook Publishing.
10. Curriculum Standards, Assessment, and Student Learning.
What Role will Standards Play in Your Classroom?
Content and Performance Standards.
Standards Developed by Professional Associations.
“Aligning” Curricula and Textbooks with Standards.
What Controversies Surround the Effort to Raise Standards?
Arguments in Support of Raising Standards.
Concerns About Raising Standards.
Standards, Testing, and Accountability.
Technology Highlights: Will computer-adaptive online testing systems be used to deliver statewide assessment tests?
“High Stakes” Testing.
On the Frontlines.
What Methods Can You Use to Assess Student Learning?
Purpose of Classroom Assessment.
Emerging Trends in Classroom Assessment.
Professional Reflection: Classroom Assessment.
How Can You Develop High-Quality Classroom Assessments?
Validity and Reliability.
Scoring Rubrics.
Meeting the Standards: Assessing Student Learning.
11. Teaching with Technology.
How Are Educational Technologies Influencing Schools?
Technology and the Challenge to Schools.
Professional Reflection: How Technically Proficient Are You?
What Technologies Are Available for Teaching?
E-Learning and Virtual Schools.
The Television Revolution.
The Computer Revolution.
Meeting the Standards: Enriches Learning with Teaching Resources.
The “Magic” of Media.
Keepers of the Dream.
The Internet.
How Do Teachers Use Computers and the Internet?
Preparing Lessons.
Communicating with Other Educators.
Posting Information and Student Work on the Web.
Facilitating Students Learning Via Computers and Cyberspace.
What Are the Effects of Computer Technology on Learning?
On the Frontlines: Motivating Unmotivated Students.
Apple Classrooms of Tomorrow Project (ACOT).
Findings from Other Research Studies.
Should Technology Be at the Forefront of Efforts to Improve Schools in the Unites States?
The Opposition: Computers Will Not Improve Education.
The Advocates: Computers Will Improve Education.
What Are the Challenges of Integrating Technology Into Schools?
Broadband Internet Access for All Schools.
Digital Quality Educational Software and WWW Sites.
High Quality, Continuous Training in Technology for Teachers.
Appendix 11.1 Criteria for Evaluating Software Programs.
Appendix 11.2 Criteria for Evaluating World Wide Web Sites.
Part III Closer.
IV. Your Teaching Future.
Dear Mentor.
12. Teachers as Educational Leaders.
To What Extent Is Teaching a Full Profession?
Institutional Monopoly of Services.
Teacher Autonomy.
Years of Education and Training.
Provision of Essential Service.
Meeting the Standards: Demonstrates Professional Involvement.
Degree of Self-Governance.
Professional Associations.
Professional Knowledge and Skills.
Level of Public Trust.
Prestige, Benefits, and Pay.
What Is Professionalism in Teaching?
Professional Behavior.
Lifelong Learning.
Professional Reflection: Group Collaboration.
Involvement in the Profession.
To What Professional Organizations Do Teachers Belong?
The National Education Association.
The American Federation of Teachers.
The NEAFT Partnership.
Other Professional Organizations.
What New Leadership Roles for Teachers Are Emerging?
Teacher Involvement in Teacher Education, Certification, and Staff Development.
Teacher-Leaders.
On the Frontlines: Schools with Relational Trust.
Dimensions of Teacher Leadership Beyond the Classroom.
Technology Highlights: How are teachers playing a leadership role in the development and dissemination of multimedia software?
How Do Teachers Contribute to Educational Research?
Sources of Educational Research.
Government Resources for Research Application.
Conducting Classroom Action Research.
How Are Teachers Providing Leadership for School Restructuring and Curriculum.
Reform?
Leadership and Collaboration for School Reform.
Collaborative School Reform Networks.
Appendix 12.1 Sampler of Professional Organizations for Teachers.
13. Your First Teaching Position.
How Will You Become Certified or Licensed to Teach?
State Certification Requirements.
Alternative Certification.
The Praxis Series.
Will You Have Difficulty Finding a Teaching Job?
Demand by Geographic Region and Specialty Area.
Other Career Opportunities for Teachers.
How Will You Find Your First Teaching Job?
Finding Out About Teaching Vacancies.
Preparing Your Résumé.
Writing Letters of Inquiry and Applications.
Participating in a Job Interview.
Accepting an Offer.
Professional Reflection: What Elements Are Essential for Your Job Satisfaction?
What Can You Expect as a Beginning Teacher?
Keepers of the Dream.
The First Day.
Advice from Experienced Teachers.
How Can You Become a Part of Your Learning Community?
Relationships with Students.
Relationships with Colleagues and Staff.
Relationships with Administrators.
Relationships with Parents.
Community Relations.
How Can You Participate in Teacher Collaboration?
Meeting the Standards: Collaborates with Colleagues.
Peer Coaching.
On the Frontlines: Advice for the First Year.
Staff Development.
Team Teaching.
Co-Teaching.
How Will Your Performance as a Teacher Be Evaluated?
Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation.
Clinical Supervision.
Appendix 13.1 Job Search Timetable Checklist
Appendix 13.2 Résumé Advice for Educators
Part IV Closer. Preparing a Literate Populace by Maria Pacino.
Glossary.
References.
Name Index.
Subject Index.
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 14.8.2003 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 216 x 276 mm |
| Gewicht | 1220 g |
| Themenwelt | Sozialwissenschaften ► Pädagogik |
| ISBN-10 | 0-205-38854-X / 020538854X |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-205-38854-7 / 9780205388547 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
| Informationen gemäß Produktsicherheitsverordnung (GPSR) | |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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