Paradoxes of Segregation (eBook)

Housing Systems, Welfare Regimes and Ethnic Residential Change in Southern European Cities

Sonia Arbaci (Autor)

eBook Download: EPUB

2019
John Wiley & Sons (Verlag)
9781118867389 (ISBN)

Infos

Through an international comparative research, this unique book examines ethnic residential segregation patterns in relation to the wider society and mechanisms of social division of space in Western European regions.

• Focuses on eight Southern European cities, develops new metaphors and furthers the theorisation/conceptualisation of segregation in Europe
• Re-centres the segregation debate on the causes of marginalisation and inequality, and the role of the state in these processes
• A pioneering analysis of which and how systemic mechanisms, contextual conditions, processes and changes drive patterns of ethnic segregation and forms of socio-ethnic differentiation
• Develops an innovative inter-disciplinary approach which explores ethnic patterns in relation to European welfare regimes, housing systems, immigration waves, and labour systems

Sonia Arbaci is Associate Professor at the Bartlett School of Planning, University College London, UK. Her research draws on European comparative studies and focuses on ethnic residential segregation and the role of welfare/housing systems and urban policies in the production of urban inequality. She has published extensively in journals including International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Housing Studies, International Journal of Housing Policy, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, and European Urban and Regional Studies.

Inhalt

List of Figures viii

Series Editors' Preface xiii

Preface xiv

1 Introduction 1

Paradoxes of Segregation? 2

Recentring the Debate on the Production of Urban Inequality 5

The Value of the (European) Periphery 12

Structure of the Book 13

Notes 18

2 Theorising Segregation from Europe 21

Reconceptualising Segregation: Societal Transformations and the Transatlantic Debate 24

Southern Europe ... a View from the Periphery 47

Framework for the Book 54

Notes 60

3 Welfare Regimes and National Housing Systems in Europe 63

Welfare Clusters and Segregation 65

Linking Welfare Regimes and Housing Systems: Principles of Stratification and Mechanisms of Differentiation 70

How Mechanisms of Differentiation Inform the Social and Spatial Dimensions of Segregation: Land Supply, Tenure and Provision 81

Conclusion 90

Notes 92

4 International Migration Turnaround 95

Models, Frameworks and Theories in Migration Studies: Towards a Social Transformation Perspective 97

The (Southern) European Migration Turnaround 100

Mapping Flows and Waves: A Divergence Perspective on Southern Europe 109

Conclusion 123

Notes 124

5 Societal and Urban Contexts in (Southern) Europe 127

Patterns of Segregation: A Southern European Model? 131

Mechanisms of Differentiation: Urban Segregation in the Wider Societal Context 136

Mechanisms of Ethnic Residential Marginalisation: From Systemic Arrangements to Local Urban Political Agendas 141

Conclusion 147

Notes 149

6 A Mosaic of Ethnic Segregation Patterns: Southern European Cities in the 1990s 151

Mapping Ethnic Segregation 152

Socio-Spatial Distribution of the Native Population: A Contextual Legacy 172

Contrasting Ethnic and Social Residential Patterns 186

Conclusion 193

Note 194

7 Mechanisms of Differentiation: The Role of Local Housing Systems up to the 1990s 195

Housing Tenure Perspectives to Understand Inequalities 196

Mechanisms of Socio-Tenurial and Socio-Spatial Differentiation 200

Conclusion 221

Notes 224

8 Changing Urban Societies: New Mechanisms of Differentiation from the 1990s 225

Changing Housing Systems: Path-Dependency and Systemic Shifts 227

Growing Homeowning Cities: New Mechanisms of Differentiation, Residential Marginalisation and Diffuse Segregation 243

Conclusion 258

Notes 260

9 The Urban Diaspora: The Paradox of (De)Segregation 262

Widening Ethnic Residential Marginalisation and Socio-Tenurial Differentiation 263

Diffusing Ethnic Segregation: An Indicator of Exclusion 278

Conclusion 298

10 Towards a Systemic Understanding of (Ethnic) Residential Segregation 300

Redistribution, Distinctiveness ... and Housing Systems 301

Looking Ahead: Emerging Processes and Challenges 309

It's the State, Stupid 312

References 315

Index 354

Rezensionen

'Paradoxes of Segregation scrutinises urban segregation landscapes in Southern Europe. It unpacks the dynamic and complex - sometimes non-linear - relations between social inequalities and spatial segregation and the various ways in which these are approached and conceptualised. The book adds to our understanding of (ethnic) segregation by comprehensively discussing the important and distinctive effects of local, regional, and institutional context specificities. A must-read for all who are interested in segregation.'
Sako Musterd, Professor of Urban Geography, University of Amsterdam

'This book is a major contribution to the literature because it draws attention to a large region that is understudied in terms of segregation. The book clearly demonstrates, against common wisdom, that relatively low levels of segregation for disadvantaged groups may coexist with their extreme deprivation. A must-read for anyone interested in segregation issues.'
Thomas Maloutas, Professor of Social Geography, Harokopio University, Greece
'Paradoxes of Segregation scrutinises urban segregation landscapes in Southern Europe. It unpacks the dynamic and complex - sometimes non-linear - relations between social inequalities and spatial segregation and the various ways in which these are approached and conceptualised. The book adds to our understanding of (ethnic) segregation by comprehensively discussing the important and distinctive effects of local, regional, and institutional context specificities. A must-read for all who are interested in segregation.'
Sako Musterd, Professor of Urban Geography, University of Amsterdam

'This book is a major contribution to the literature because it draws attention to a large region that is understudied in terms of segregation. The book clearly demonstrates, against common wisdom, that relatively low levels of segregation for disadvantaged groups may coexist with their extreme deprivation. A must-read for anyone interested in segregation issues.'
Thomas Maloutas, Professor of Social Geography, Harokopio University, Greece

Textauszug

List of Figures

2.1	Historic evolution of theoretical approaches on ethnic segregation and spatial concentration, 1920s–2010s.

2.2	White’s meso‐level contextual structural model (1999).

2.3	Polanyi’s modes of socio‐economic integration (1944).

2.4	Multi‐level contextual structural model: a conceptual and operational framework.

3.1	Indices of segregation (IS) and major areas of concentration for selected ethnic groups in selected European cities, 1990–1995.

3.2	Housing tenures and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, welfare clusters and Western European countries, 1994.

3.3	Housing tenures in selected Western European cities, 1990s.

3.4	Market–state mixes in housing provision: production and promotion forms in Western European countries in the 1980s (unscaled diagram).

3.5	Housing provision, land supply and housing tenures: welfare clusters and Western European countries, 1985–1995.

3.6	Housing tenures, provision forms (production and promotion) and degrees of socio‐spatial segregation in four welfare clusters until the mid‐1990s.

3.7	Welfare and housing systems: reinterpreting patterns of ethnic spatial segregation in selected European cities and for selected immigrant groups, 1990–1995.

4.1	Conditions and preconditions of immigration in Southern European countries, 1950–2005.

4.2	Historic evolution of waves and flows of immigration, by selected foreign population (continent and country of origin) and regularisation programs: Spain, 1965–2010.

4.3	Historic evolution of waves and flows of immigration, by selected foreign population (continent and country of origin) and regularisation programs: Italy, 1965–2010.

4.4	Historic evolution of waves and flows of immigration, by selected foreign population (continent and country of origin) and regularisation programs: Portugal, 1965–2009.

4.5	Historic evolution of waves and flows of immigration, by selected foreign population (continent and country of origin) and regularisation programs: Greece, 1965–2001.

4.6	Regularisation programmes, Spain, Italy, Portugal and Greece, 1985–2007.

5.1	Geographic distribution (LQs) and degree of segregation (IS) of selected ethnic groups by country of origin in selected European cities, 1990–1996.

5.2	Housing distribution across the social spectra (income quartile): owner occupation (c.f.) and owner‐occupied single‐family house (c.f.) in Southern European countries and compared to Northern Europe (EU‐11), 1996.

5.3	Residential patterns of ‘non‐Western’ foreign groups in Southern European cities: an overview.

6.1	Indices of segregation (IS) of selected foreign groups in selected Southern European cities, 1991–2002.

6.2	Geographic distribution of selected foreign groups, by country of origin (LQs), in Barcelona, 1996.

6.3	Geographic distribution of selected foreign groups, by country of origin (LQs), in Milan, 1996.

6.4	Geographic distribution of selected foreign groups, by country of origin (LQs) in Lisbon MA and Madrid MA, 1996.

6.5	Geographic distribution of selected foreign groups, by country of origin (LQs) in Rome MA, 1996.

6.6	Geographic distribution of selected foreign groups, by country of origin (LQs) in Turin, 2002, and Genoa, 1996.

6.7	Geographic distribution of selected foreign groups, by country of origin in the municipality of Athens, 1996–1998.

6.8	Residential distribution of population, by occupational categories (LQs and IS), in Barcelona, Genoa, Milan and Turin, 1991.

6.9	Residential distribution of population, by occupational or industrial categories, in Lisbon MA (%, 2001), Madrid MA (%, 1996) and Rome MA (LQs, 1991).

6.10	Residential distribution of population, by occupational and residential categories (%), in Lisbon MA, 1991.

6.11	Residential distribution of population, by occupational categories (%), in Madrid MA, 1996.

6.12	Residential distribution of population, by occupational categories (%), in Athens MA, 1991.

6.13	Examples of socio‐ethnic urban correlation: comparing native and foreign groups’ residential distribution (LQs and IS), according to income or educational levels, in a port and continental city, mid‐1990s.

6.14	Examples of mechanisms of socio‐ethnic differentiation: comparing native and foreign groups’ residential distribution (LQs), mid‐1990s.

6.15	Examples of forms of socio‐ethnic differentiation: comparing native and foreign groups’ residential distribution (IS and LQs), mid‐1990s.

7.1	Population and housing tenures in selected Southern European cities, 1981–2001.

7.2	Housing tenures in selected Southern European cities: annual growth rate (AGR, 1981–2001) and geographic distribution (1991).

7.3	Examples of socio‐ethnic differentiation in working‐class first peripheral belt: highest concentration of owner‐occupation (%) and scattered distribution low‐income ethnic groups (LQs).

7.4	The ‘belt effect’: geographic distribution of Non‐Western foreign groups in the first peripheral ring in Athens (%, 2005) and Lisbon (LQs, 2001).

8.1	Housing tenure changes (1981–2001) in selected Southern European cities and dynamics associated with the expansion of owner‐occupation (Part 1).

8.2	Housing and socio‐urban changes (1981–2001) in Southern European cities: new forms of socio‐tenurial marginalisation (Part 2).

8.3	Owner‐occupation and rental sector: geographic distribution (%), nominal housing price (€ / m2) and annual growth rate (%) in Madrid MA (1999–2001) and Barcelona (1997–2001).

8.4	Owner‐occupation and rental sector: geographic distribution (%), nominal housing price (€ / m2) and annual growth rate (%) in Rome MA (2000–2003) and Milan (2000–2003).

8.5	Owner‐occupation and rental sector: geographic distribution (%), nominal housing price (€ / m2) and annual growth rate (%), Turin (2000–2003), Genoa (2000–2003) and Lisbon (1996–1999).

8.6	Housing rent outlay (% of annual income), by geographic location (a) and by housing typologies (b), in Rome, Milan, Turin, Genoa and Barcelona, 2003.

8.7	Average housing rents compared: variation in monthly rents (€ / p.m.) and in housing rent outlay (% of average income), in Milan, Rome MA, Turin, Genoa and Barcelona, 1998–2004.

8.8	Immigrant households and average housing rents: monthly rents (1999, € / p.m.) and housing rent outlay (1998–2004, % of average income), in Milan, Rome MA, Turin and Genoa, 1998–2004.

8.9	Average monthly rent (€ / p.m.) by geographic location in selected Italian cities, 2004.

9.1	Housing insertion of non‐Western groups, by year of arrival, in Lombardy (and Milan), 1989–2001: according to housing tenures (owner‐occupation and rental sector) and types of accommodation (independent and precarious).

9.2	Immigrants’ housing insertion in Lombardy in 2003, by gender: immigrants’ average monthly income in each type of accommodation.

9.3	Immigrants’ housing insertion: Milan, by housing tenures (%) and types of accommodation (%),...

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 21.2.2019
• Reihe/Serie: IJURR Studies in Urban and Social Change Book Series
• Reihe/Serie: Studies in Urban and Social Change
• Reihe/Serie: Studies in Urban and Social Change
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geografie / Kartografie
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Pädagogik ► Sozialpädagogik
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Soziologie
• Schlagworte: Anthropogeographie • Cities • ethnic residential segregation patterns • Geographie • Geography • housing systems • Human geography • Immigration • Inequality • Labour systems • marginalization • Segregation • social division • Society • Sociology • Southern Europe • Soziologie • Stadtgeographie • Stadtsoziologie • urban diaspora • Urban Geography • Urban Policy • Urban sociology • Urban theory • welfare regimes • Western Europe
• ISBN-13: 9781118867389 / 9781118867389