Changing Contours of Indian Agriculture (eBook)

Investment, Income and Non-farm Employment

Seema Bathla, Amaresh Dubey (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2017 | 1st ed. 2017
242 Seiten
Springer Singapore (Verlag)
978-981-10-6014-4 (ISBN)

Infos

This book presents an extensive study on India's agricultural and nonfarm sectors, examining prices, investments and policies, and suggesting various essential technological changes. It offers appropriate financial, institutional, and policy frameworks that can help to sustain agricultural growth and augment farmers' incomes across geographical locations. Further, it addresses agricultural growth and rural poverty reduction through multiple pathways that also tackle varied geographical locations, making it a highly useful guide to understanding the changing contours in agriculture and rural areas across the country and among rural households with various social and economic backgrounds.

Seema Bathla is a professor at the Centre for the Study of Regional Development (CSRD), Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi. Before joining the JNU, she worked at the Institute of Economic Growth, The Energy Research Institute and Delhi University. She obtained her M.Phil. from the Delhi School of Economics and Ph.D. from the JNU. She has 25 years of work experience and published three books (two co-authored) and more than 40 research articles in refereed national and international journals and opinion pieces in national newspapers. Having keen interest in agricultural issues, she has carried out several research studies and undertaken assignments for the World Bank, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), NCAER and WWF-India. She received the Jawaharlal Nehru Award for Outstanding Post-Graduate Agricultural Research from the Indian Council of Agriculture Research, New Delhi in 2008. She is also the recipient of the Dr. R.T. Doshi award for the best paper published in the Agricultural Economics Research Review in 2014 and 2015.

Amaresh Dubey is a professor at the Centre for the Study of Regional Development (CSRD), Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi. He has over 28 years of teaching and research experience. Before joining the JNU in 2008, he taught economics at the North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong and was a senior fellow at the National Council of Applied Economic Research, New Delhi. His publications include four co-authored and co-edited books, over 60 articles and papers in international and national refereed journals and edited volumes, 34 research project reports and commissioned policy papers, as well as numerous opinion pieces in national newspapers. He has visited several universities and institutes in India and abroad to deliver lectures and seminars, in addition to over a hundred invited presentations at international and national seminars and conferences over the last few years. He has been a member of different academic and executive bodies at the JNU and other universities and institutes, and a member of several central and state government committees and other statutory bodies.

 

Inhalt

Contents 5
About the Editors 7
1 Introduction 8
References 18
2 Public Investment in Agriculture and Growth: An Analysis of Relationship in the Indian Context 19
2.1 Introduction 19
2.2 The OLS and Dynamic Panel Approaches and Data 22
2.2.1 Temporal and Spatial Trends in Public Expenditure on Agriculture and Irrigation 24
2.3 Empirical Estimates on Impact of Public Expenditure on Agriculture Growth 30
2.4 Conclusion 32
References 33
3 Dynamics of Access to Rural Credit in India: Patterns, Determinants and Implications 35
3.1 Introduction 35
3.2 Data and Methodology 36
3.3 Results and Discussions 37
3.3.1 Structure of Rural Credit Markets 37
3.3.2 Financial Inclusion 41
3.3.3 Structure of Interest Rates 43
3.3.4 Determinants for Households’ Decision to Borrow 47
3.3.5 Determinants for Access to Institutional Credit 50
3.3.6 Impact of Institutional Credit on Farm Income and Household Consumption Expenditure 51
3.4 Conclusions 52
Annexures 52
References 56
4 Investment Behaviour of Farmers Across Indian States: Determinants and Impact on Agriculture Income 57
4.1 Introduction 57
4.2 Structure and Composition of Fixed Capital Expenditure of Rural Households 58
4.2.1 Composition of Investment in Agriculture 62
4.3 Sources of Financing Agriculture Investment 67
4.4 Determinants of Private Investment in Agriculture and Impact on Income 68
4.4.1 Results and Discussions 71
4.5 Conclusions 72
Annexure 1 Exogenous and Endogenous Variables Used and Source of Data 73
References 74
5 Supply Response Function in Indian Agriculture 76
5.1 An Overview of the Supply Response Analysis 76
5.2 The Model Specification 79
5.3 Specification of Variables 81
5.4 Results and Discussions 83
5.5 Summary and Conclusion 94
References 95
6 Analysis of Rice Productivity and Sources of Growth in India 97
6.1 Background 97
6.2 Data and Methodology 99
6.3 Changing Pattern in Rice Production and Productivity 99
6.4 Sources of Output Growth 103
6.5 Regional Variations in Cost and Income 105
6.6 Technical Efficiency and Total Factor Productivity Growth in Rice 108
6.7 Conclusions 112
Annexure: Measurement of Total Factor Productivity 113
References 115
7 Changes in Production Structure and Class Composition in Agriculture: An Analysis of Agrarian Question Based on Punjab Experience 117
7.1 Introduction 117
7.1.1 Changes in the Production Structure 119
7.1.2 Intensification of Production 121
7.1.3 Production and Productivity Trends 122
7.1.4 From Diversification to Monoculture 123
7.1.5 Excessive Use of Chemical Inputs 125
7.1.6 Market-Driven and Market-Oriented Production 126
7.1.7 Overcapitalisation of Production Process and Decline in Labour Employment 127
7.2 Changes in Production Relations 129
7.2.1 Cultivable Area Per Agriculture Worker 129
7.3 Changes in Class Composition in Rural Punjab 130
7.3.1 Agriculture Labour as Percentage of Cultivators 133
7.4 Concluding Remarks 134
References 135
8 Disparities in Agriculture Income Across the Indian States 137
8.1 Introduction 137
8.2 Data Source and Methodology 138
8.2.1 ?-Convergence 139
8.2.2 Unconditional ?-Convergence 139
8.2.3 Conditional ?-Convergence 140
8.2.4 Time Series Unit Root Tests 141
8.3 Empirical Results 141
8.3.1 ?-Convergence 141
8.3.2 Unconditional ?-Convergence 142
8.3.3 Conditional Convergence 144
8.3.4 Time Series Unit Root Test for Stochastic Convergence 148
8.4 Conclusion 151
References 151
9 Income Mobility and Poverty Dynamics Across Social Groups in Rural India, 1993–2005 153
9.1 Introduction 153
9.2 Data 156
9.3 Descriptive Statistics 156
9.4 Income Mobility and Poverty Dynamics 160
9.5 Conclusion 164
References 164
10 Is Occupational Transformation in India Pro-Poor? Analysis of Rural Labour Market in the Reform Period 166
10.1 Background of the Study 166
10.2 Non-Farm Diversification: Trends and Pattern 167
10.3 Household Livelihood and Standard of Living 171
10.4 Employment Status and Income Level 174
10.5 Probability of Being in Different Occupations: Multinomial Results 178
10.6 Concluding Observations 180
Acknowledgements 181
Appendix 181
References 182
11 Shortages in Agriculture Labour Market and Changes in Cropping Pattern 184
11.1 Introduction 184
11.2 Database and Methodology 185
11.3 Trends and Patterns in Agriculture Labour Market 186
11.3.1 Availability of Labour for Agriculture Work 187
11.3.2 Accessibility of Labour for Agriculture Work 190
11.3.3 Affordability of Labour for Agriculture Work 193
11.4 Factors Influencing Agriculture Labour Market 197
11.4.1 Impact of Changes in Agriculture Labour Market on Cropping Patterns 201
11.5 Main Findings 204
Annexure 205
References 207
12 Determinants of Rural Nonfarm Employment and Its Implication for Rural Income Distribution: A Case Study of Assam 208
12.1 Introduction 208
12.2 Data Sources and Sampling Design for Primary Survey 210
12.3 Trends in Rural Nonfarm Employment in Assam 213
12.3.1 Education and Caste Profile of Farm and Nonfarm Workers in Assam 214
12.3.2 A Brief Profile of Sample Households 215
12.4 Determinants of RNF Participation Based on NSS 218
12.4.1 Determinants of Rural Nonfarm Employment in the Surveyed Villages 219
12.4.2 Distribution of Nonfarm Income Across Landholding Classes 220
12.5 Conclusion 221
References 223
13 Changes in Work Patterns of Rural Women in the Context of Structural Transformation in India 225
13.1 Introduction 225
13.2 Changing Patterns of Work of Rural Women in the Context of MGNREGA 227
13.2.1 Labour Market Transitions of Rural Women 229
13.2.2 Choice of Work Among the Rural Women Workers 232
13.2.3 Wage Rate and Impact of MGNREGA on Poverty 233
13.3 Rural Women’s Work in Agricultural Sector 235
13.3.1 Rural Women’s Farm Labour Supply 235
13.3.2 Exploring a Shift Away from Agriculture for Rural Women 239
13.4 Main Findings 242
References 243

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 25.10.2017
• Zusatzinfo: VII, 242 p. 24 illus.
• Verlagsort: Singapore
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Politik / Verwaltung
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Soziologie ► Spezielle Soziologien
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft ► Betriebswirtschaft / Management ► Finanzierung
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft ► Volkswirtschaftslehre
• Themenwelt: Weitere Fachgebiete ► Land- / Forstwirtschaft / Fischerei
• Schlagworte: Agriculture Growth • development aid • Development Finance • Non-farm employment • private investment • Public Investment • Rural Poverty
• ISBN-10: 981-10-6014-2 / 9811060142
• ISBN-13: 978-981-10-6014-4 / 9789811060144