Measuring and Assessing Well-being in Israel (eBook)

Oecd (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2016 | 1. Auflage
136 Seiten
OECD Publishing (Verlag)
978-92-64-24603-4 (ISBN)

Infos

Measuring and Assessing Well-being in Israel provides a description of the level, distribution, and sustainability of well-being in Israel. Drawing on the methodology developed in the bi-annual report on well-being in OECD countries – How's Life? – this report extends the methodology to provide in an-depth examination of well-being in a single OECD country. The report examines well-being in Israel in the context of the Israeli government's recent initiative to develop indicators of well-being, resilience, and sustainability, and provides a complementary account of well-being in Israel with a stronger focus on international comparisons.

Going beyond a simple statistical description of the level and distribution of well-being in Israel, the report also uses Israel as a case study of how well-being measures can be used to identify areas of high policy relevance. In particular, the report analyses the preferences of Israeli citizens across the different dimensions of the OECD well-being framework. Finally, the report reviews the Israeli statistical system from the perspective of measuring well-being, and notes the key areas where further statistical development is desirable.

Measuring and Assessing Well-being in Israel is part of the OECD Better Life Initiative, which features a series of publications on measuring well-being, as well as the Better Life Index, an interactive website that aims to involve citizens in the debate about what a better life means to them.

Inhalt

Foreword 5
Acknowledgements 6
Table of contents 7
Executive summary 11
Chapter 1. 
13 
Introduction 14
The Israeli indicators of well-being, resilience, and sustainability 14
The OECD Better Life Initiative 15
Country monographs 16
A framework for measuring well-being 17
Figure 1.1. The OECD Well-being Framework 18
A comparison of the Israeli and OECD approaches to measuring well-being 18
Box 1.1. Consultation on indicators of well-being, resilience, and sustainability 19
Box 1.2. The OECD Well-being Framework and Israel’s indicators of well-being, resilience, and sustainability 21
Figure 1.2. A comparison of the OECD and Israeli Framework 22
Selecting indicators 22
Box 1.3. The choice of indicators for Measuring and assessing well-being in Israel 23
Conclusion 23
Notes 24
References 24
Chapter 2. 
27 
Introduction 28
Box 2.1. Data sources used in this chapter 28
Overview 29
Setting the scene: Israel today 29
Figure 2.1. Projections of population distribution for Israel, 2009-59 30
Well-being at a glance 30
Figure 2.2. Selected well-being outcomes in Israel compared to the OECD average 31
Figure 2.3. Levels of income and wealth 33
Figure 2.4. Satisfaction with living standards 34
Figure 2.5. Selected measures of jobs and earnings 35
Figure 2.6. Israel has many low-income workers and a high level of wage inequality 36
Figure 2.7. Satisfaction with housing 37
Figure 2.8. Housing costs 38
Figure 2.9. Rental costs 39
Figure 2.10. Average number of rooms per person, 2013 or latest available year 40
Figure 2.11. Average performance in PISA testing 41
Figure 2.12. Life expectancy at birth 42
Figure 2.13. Selected non-medical health determinants 42
Figure 2.14. Share of people working very long hours 43
Figure 2.15. People saying they have someone to count on for help when needed, 2014 44
Figure 2.16. Socialising and discussing personal matters, 2012 45
Figure 2.17. Voter turnout at national elections 46
Figure 2.18. Confidence in government 47
Figure 2.19. Annual exposure to PM2.5 air pollution 48
Figure 2.20. Deaths by assault per 100 000 population (standardised rates) 50
Figure 2.21. Trends in total deaths by assault, and homicides excluding terror casualties in Israel 50
Figure 2.22. Self-reported measures of personal security 51
Figure 2.23. Trends in life satisfaction 52
Figure 2.24. Selected measures of the prevalence of different types of affect 53
The distribution of well-being outcomes in Israel 53
Material conditions and key drivers 54
Figure 2.25. Income poverty and inequality 54
Figure 2.26. Trends in income poverty across countries and between Israeli population groups 55
Figure 2.27. Poverty rate by population group in Israel, before and after taxes and transfers 56
Figure 2.28. Trends in employment rate by population group and gender in Israel 57
Figure 2.29. Israeli students’ learning outcomes by type of school and gender 58
Figure 2.30. Income distribution by population group in Israel 59
Figure 2.31. Share of all poor individuals accounted for each population group in Israel, 2012 59
Figure 2.32. The total burden of poverty in Israel, by population group 60
Figure 2.33. Share of children living under the poverty line in Israel 60
Figure 2.34. Relative income poverty amongst the elderly 61
Figure 2.35. Distribution of household net worth in Israel, by selected population group, 2005-06 62
Figure 2.36. Trends in perceived economic insecurity in Israel, by population group 63
Figure 2.37. Housing density in Israel, by population group 64
Figure 2.38. Satisfaction with different aspects of housing in Israel, by population group 64
Box 2.2. The OECD Regional Well-being Index 65
Figure 2.39. OECD Regional Well-being Index among Israeli regions 65
Figure 2.40. Indicators of satisfaction with local area in Israel, by population group, 2012 66
Summary of differences in well-being outcomes by population group 66
Figure 2.41. Headline well-being indicators in Israel, by population group 67
Figure 2.42. Gender differences in selected well-being outcomes in Israel, by population group 68
Conclusion 68
Notes 69
References 70
Chapter 3. 
73 
Introduction 74
What is sustainability? 74
Why measure sustainability? 74
Measuring sustainability: the capital approach 75
Box 3.1. The OECD and Israeli approaches to measuring sustainability 76
Figure 3.1. The OECD capital stocks framework 76
Table 3.1. Suggested measurement themes and indicators for sustainability, How’s Life? 2013 77
Figure 3.2. Israel’s proposed capital stocks framework 78
An overview of capital stocks in Israel 79
Economic capital 79
Figure 3.3. Fixed assets per capita in Israel and in selected OECD countries 80
Figure 3.4. Financial net worth per capita in in Israel and in selected OECD countries 81
Figure 3.5. Government gross debt and financial net worth in Israel and in selected OECD countries 82
Human capital 83
Figure 3.6. Civilian employment in OECD countries, 2011 84
Figure 3.7. Average years of schooling among the adult population in OECD countries, 2011 84
Table 3.2. Skills and competencies of 15-year-old students, 2012 in Israel and the OECD average 85
Figure 3.8. A summary measure of total human capital across OECD countries, 2011 86
Natural capital 86
Figure 3.9. Greenhouse gas emissions from domestic production 87
Figure 3.10. Threatened species in OECD countries 88
Social capital 89
Figure 3.11. Trust in others in Israel and European countries, 2002-12 90
Figure 3.12. Confidence in national governments and in judicial systems 91
Figure 3.13. Perceptions that corruption is widespread in government, OECD countries in 2014 91
Conclusion 92
Notes 92
References 93
Chapter 4. 
95 
Introduction 96
What does well-being mean to Israeli citizens? 96
Box 4.1. The OECD Better Life Index 97
Figure 4.1. Average BLI weights for Israel and the OECD 97
Box 4.2. Assessing people’s preferences using measures of subjective well-being 98
Table 4.1. Life satisfaction regressions: General Social Survey 99
Quantifying preferences: how important is each outcome domain? 100
Figure 4.2. Relative well-being weights based on determinants of life satisfaction, by population group 101
Assessing well-being across multiple outcome domains 102
Figure 4.3. Relative performance and weights of average well-being outcomes in Israel 103
Well-being outcomes for different population groups 104
Figure 4.4. Relative performance and weights of average well-being outcomes in Israel for non-Haredi Jews 105
Figure 4.5. Relative performance and weights of average well-being outcomes in Israel for Haredi Jews 106
Figure 4.6. Relative performance and weights of average well-being outcomes in Israel for the Arab population 107
The geographical distribution of well-being in Israel 107
Figure 4.7. Well-being outcomes in Israel across sub-districts 108
Conclusion 109
Notes 110
References 110
Chapter 5. 
113 
Introduction 114
The Israeli statistical system 114
The Israeli Household Survey Programme 114
Recommendations 115
Structure 115
Content 117
The geographic coverage of Israeli data 119
References 120
Annex A. 
123 
Introduction 124
A policy framework for well-being measures 124
Three jobs for well-being indicators 125
Figure A.1. Well-being indicators and the policy cycle 126
Alignment 125
Analysis 127
Accountability 129
Well-being and policy: country experiences 130
United Kingdom 130
Figure A.2. United Kingdom national well-being measures 131
New Zealand 131
Box A.1. The New Zealand Living Standards Framework: How to evaluate the impact of policy on equity? 132
Austria 132
Scotland 133
Figure A.3. The Scotland Performs framework 134
Challenges in applying a well-being approach to policy 134
Conclusion 135
Note 136
References 136

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 31.1.2016
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Pädagogik ► Sozialpädagogik
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Politik / Verwaltung ► Staat / Verwaltung
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Soziologie
• ISBN-10: 92-64-24603-7 / 9264246037
• ISBN-13: 978-92-64-24603-4 / 9789264246034