Psychology of Learning and Motivation (eBook)

Advances in Research and Theory

eBook Download: PDF

2004 | 1. Auflage
342 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
9780080522777 (ISBN)

Infos

The Psychology of Learning and Motivation publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving. Each chapter provides a thoughtful integration of a body of work.

Inhalt

Cover 1
Contents 6
Contributors 10
Chapter 1. GOAL-BASED ACCESSIBILITY OF ENTITIES WITHIN SITUATION MODELS 12
I. Introduction 12
II. Activation Caused by Goal Relevance and Spatial Distance in Situation Models 23
III. Activation Caused by Goal Relevance, Spatial Distance, and Semantic Association 27
IV. Activation Caused by Active, Completed, and Postponed Goals 29
V. Delayed Effects of Active, Completed, and Postponed Goals 32
VI. The Time Course of Activation Caused by Active, Completed, and Postponed Goals 34
VII. General Discussion 37
References 41
Chapter 2. THE IMMERSED EXPERIENCER: TOWARD AN EMBODIED THEORY OF LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION 46
I. Introduction 46
II. Comparison with Other Frameworks 48
III. Components of the Comprehension Process 49
IV. Activation 50
V. Construal 51
VI. Integration 57
VII. Empirical Evidence Consistent with the IEF 62
VIII. Accounting for Propositional Findings 66
IX. Accounting for Abstract Language 68
X. Conclusions 68
References 69
Chapter 3. SPEECH ERRORS AND LANGUAGE PRODUCTION: NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL AND CONNECTIONIST PERSPECTIVES 74
I. Introduction 74
II. Speech Errors and Processing Levels in Production 75
III. Spreading Activation and Lexical-Phonological Feedback 78
IV. The Function-Content Distinction and Connectionist Learning Theory 102
V. Summary and Conclusions 112
References 113
Chapter 4. PSYCHOLINGUISTICALLY SPEAKING: SOME MATTERS OF MEANING, MARKING, AND MORPHING 120
I. Introduction 120
II. Reaching Agreement 125
III. Conclusions 148
References 152
Chapter 5. EXECUTIVE ATTENTION, WORKING MEMORY CAPACITY, AND A TWO-FACTOR THEORY OF COGNITIVE CONTROL 156
I. Introduction 156
II. The Measurement of WMC 161
III. Alternative Explanations of the WMC × Higher-Order Cognition Correlation 167
IV. Macroanalytic Studies of WMC: Its Generality and Relation to Other Constructs 178
V. Microanalytic Studies of WMC: Its Relation to Executive Attentional Control 191
VI. A Two-Factor Theory of Executive Control 196
VII. Implementation of WMC in the Brain 201
VIII. Conclusions 203
References 204
Chapter 6. RELATIONAL PERCEPTION AND COGNITION: IMPLICATIONS FOR COGNITIVE ARCHITECTURE AND THE PERCEPTUAL–COGNITIVE INTERFACE 212
I. Introduction 212
II. Bridging the Gaps: Relating Symbols to Neurons and Cognition to Perception 213
III. Relational Perception and Thinking 214
IV. From Images to Objects in Relations 217
V. Toward a Model of Scene Comprehension 228
VI. Conclusions 233
References 234
Chapter 7. AN EXEMPLAR MODEL FOR PERCEPTUAL CATEGORIZATION OF EVENTS 238
I. Introduction 238
II. Representation of Events 240
III. Similarity of Events 242
IV. Categorization of Events 243
V. Initial Tests of Event Similarity 250
VI. Trajectories as a Basis for Event Categorization 258
VII. Conclusions 266
References 268
Chapter 8. ON THE PERCEPTION OF CONSISTENCY 272
I. Introduction 272
II. The Statistical Argument 274
III. Experimental Evidence 276
IV. Summary and Implications 294
References 295
Chapter 9. CAUSAL INVARIANCE IN REASONING AND LEARNING 298
I. The Information Is in the Invariants 298
II. What Is a Cause? 302
III. Counterfactual and Probabilistic Judgment 308
IV. Language Use 316
V. Induction 319
VI. Learning 323
VII. Discussion 331
References 331
Index 338
Contents of Previous Volumes 350

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 19.2.2004
• Mitarbeit: Herausgeber (Serie): Brian H. Ross
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Allgemeine Psychologie
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Biopsychologie / Neurowissenschaften
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Verhaltenstherapie
• ISBN-13: 9780080522777 / 9780080522777