Freedom of Expression in a Diverse World (eBook)

Deirdre Golash (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2010 | 2010
X, 220 Seiten
Springer Netherland (Verlag)
978-90-481-8999-1 (ISBN)

Infos

The essays in this volume consider issues at the intersection of freedom of expression and racial, cultural, and gender diversity. The claims of those whose cultures and beliefs differ from our own are no longer the exclusive province of diplomats, as the Danish newspaper that published cartoons ridiculing Mohammed quickly learned. Negotiating the claims of freedom of expression as they come into open conflict with a wide diversity of viewpoints, both domestically and internationally, has become an increasingly complex task. The present volume seeks both to provide fresh insight into the philosophical grounds for limiting government restriction of expression and to address current tensions between freedom of expression and pluralism. The suppression of ideas by government is no doubt as old as government itself. Ideas help to keep governments in power, and opposing ideas can help them to lose it. As well, through most of the history of the world, the belief that some know b- ter than others what is true, what is right, and what is valuable has been sufficiently widespread to make it seem natural for those betters to dictate for the rest what they should believe. Just as clerics did not hesitate to dictate to their congregations, Christians did not hesitate to impose their beliefs on non-Christians in order to save their souls.

Inhalt

Acknowledgements 6
Contents 8
Contributors 10
Table of Cases 12
Introduction 16
Part I:Why Free Speech? 30
Free Speech and the Social Technologies of Democracy, Scientific Inquiry and the Free Market 31
1 Introduction 31
2 Social Technologies 32
3 Common Characteristics of Democracy, Scientific Inquiry, and the Free Market 33
4 Unpredictability and Trust 34
5 The Social Costs of the Three Practices 35
6 The Effect of the Worldwide Spread of the Three Practices on the United States 38
7 A Personal Postscript 38
Hate Speech in the Marketplace of Ideas 40
The “Marketplace of Ideas:” A Siren Song for Freedom of Speech Theorists 53
1 Introduction to the Issues 53
2 The Analogical Argument 54
3 Anti-Competitive Forces and Agents in the Marketplace of Commodities 55
3.1 False Consciousness Due to Extraordinary Events of Low Probability 55
3.2 Objectively Superior Commodities that Lose to Objectively Inferior Competitors 56
3.3 Predatory Takeovers and Suppressions 56
3.4 Anti-Social Anti-Competitiveness 57
3.5 The Anti-Competitive Initiatives of “Big Pharma” 57
3.6 The Utter Failures of “Market Discipline” 58
4 The Incoherence of the Very Concept of a Marketplace of Ideas 59
4.1 At the Core of the Metaphor: The Fallacy of Equivocation 59
4.2 Do Ideas “Compete” in a Marketplace? 61
5 Conclusions 62
A Kantian Conception of Free Speech* 64
1 Introduction 64
2 Virtuous Versus Rightful Private Speech 66
3 Public Regulation of Speech 70
4 Conclusion 80
Free Speech, Equal Opportunity, and Justice* 81
1 Freedom of Speech: Some Issues 81
2 The Values Served by Freedom of Speech 84
3 Grounds of the Moral Right to Freedom of Speech 89
4 Threats to Freedom of Speech and the Role of the State as a Guardian of Free Speech 90
5 A Concluding Observation about the Role of the State 94
Part II:Proscribed Speech:The Limits of Free Expression 96
Is It Immoral to Prohibit Sexually Harassing Speech in the Classroom?* 97
1 Title VII 99
2 Title IX 100
3 Moral Analysis of the Regulation of Sexually Harassing Speech 100
3.1 The Liberty Issue 100
3.2 The Analytical Framework 101
3.3 Applying the Analysis 102
4 Other Issues 105
5 Conclusion 107
The Morality of Using “Nigger”* 108
1 History 109
1.1 Nigga Callin 113
2 Moral Considerations 114
2.1 The Depictions Argument 116
2.2 The Endearment Argument 118
2.3 The Intent Argument 120
Incitement to Genocide and the Rwanda Media Case* 122
1 The Facts of the Media Case 124
2 The Jurisprudence of Incitement 126
3 Incitement in Rwanda 128
4 Incitement to Genocide Through the Media 131
Hijabs and Headwraps: The Case for Tolerance 135
1 Introduction 136
2 The Constitution 137
2.1 Case Law Regarding Parents’ Rights to Educate their Children According to their Own Religions and Traditions 139
2.2 Case Law Affirming a Right to Refuse Conduct Prescribed for School Children that Violates Religious Beliefs 140
2.3 Case Law Regarding Dress, Uniforms and Grooming Codes 141
2.3.1 Schools and Public Employment 141
2.3.2 Military 144
2.3.3 Adult Entertainment 144
3 Political Morality 146
“Conspicuous” Religious Symbols and Laïcité 148
1 La France est une République … Laïque7 150
2 La France est une République Indivisible 152
3 Education for Citizenship 154
4 Equality and Pluralism 158
5 Back in the U.S. of A. 160
Part III: Intersections with Other Rights 164
When Free Speech Meets Free Association: The Case of the Boy Scouts 165
1 The Scouts as an Expressive Association 167
2 The Consequences of Expressive Association 173
3 Lessons from the Faith-Based Initiative 178
Oaths and the Pledge of Allegiance: Freedom of Expression and the Right to Be Silent* 180
1 Framing the Issue of Freedom of Expression 180
2 Religious Silence 181
3 Political Silence 183
4 The Ethos of Individual Liberty 187
5 An Atheist Utopia and the Rejection of Homogeneity 188
6 Silence as An Easy Absolute 189
7 Loud Silence 191
8 Dangerous Silence 192
9 Conclusion: Silence is Golden 192
Speaking Freely 194
1 Speaking Freely 196
2 Uninvited Guests 199
3 How Privacy Enters In 200
4 Freedom of Speech and Privacy 202
Social Institutions, Transgendered Lives, and the Scope of Free Expression 205
1 Social Institutions and the Cultivation of Ideology 205
2 State-Sponsored Institutions, Ideology, and the First Amendment 207
3 The Ideological Functions of Marriage 210
4 Early Judicial History of Transsexual Marriage 211
5 Post-DOMA Judicial History of Transsexual Marriage 214
6 Transgender Marriage and the Right of Free Expression 217
Bibliography 220
Index 227

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 1.7.2010
• Reihe/Serie: AMINTAPHIL: The Philosophical Foundations of Law and Justice
• Reihe/Serie: AMINTAPHIL: The Philosophical Foundations of Law and Justice
• Zusatzinfo: X, 220 p.
• Verlagsort: Dordrecht
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► EU / Internationales Recht
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Öffentliches Recht ► Verfassungsrecht
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Politik / Verwaltung
• Schlagworte: constitutional rights • critical race theory • Discrimination • First Amendment • freedom of expression • freedom of speech • Free Speech • Hate speech • individual right • Justice • Kant • Liberalism • Minority rights • Moral • Multiculturalism • Pornography • Racism • religious sensitivity • Sex • social freedoms
• ISBN-10: 90-481-8999-3 / 9048189993
• ISBN-13: 978-90-481-8999-1 / 9789048189991