Chemical Process Design and Integration (eBook)

Robin Smith (Autor)

eBook Download: EPUB

2016 | 2. Auflage
John Wiley & Sons (Verlag)
9781118699089 (ISBN)

Infos

Written by a highly regarded author with industrial and academic experience, this new edition of an established bestselling book provides practical guidance for students, researchers, and those in chemical engineering. The book includes a new section on sustainable energy, with sections on carbon capture and sequestration, as a result of increasing environmental awareness; and a companion website that includes problems, worked solutions, and Excel spreadsheets to enable students to carry out complex calculations.

Professor Robin Smith is Head of the Centre for Process Integration at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) in the United Kingdom. Before joining UMIST he had extensive industrial experience with Rohm & Haas in process investigation and process design, and with ICI in computer-aided design and process integration. He was a member of the ICI Process Integration Team that pioneered the first industrial applications of process integration design methods. Since joining UMIST he has acted extensively as a consultant in process integration projects. He has published widely in the field of chemical process design and integration, and is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, a Fellow of the Institution of Chemical Engineers in the UK and a chartered engineer. In 1992 he was awarded the Hanson Medal of the Institution of Chemical Engineers in the UK for his work on clean process technology.

Inhalt

Preface xiii

Acknowledgements xv

Nomenclature xvii

1 The Nature of Chemical Process Design and Integration 1

2 Process Economics 19

3 Optimization 37

4 Chemical Reactors I - Reactor Performance 59

5 Chemical Reactors II - Reactor Conditions 81

6 Chemical Reactors III - Reactor Configuration 107

7 Separation of Heterogeneous Mixtures 125

8 Separation of Homogeneous Fluid Mixtures I - Distillation 139

9 Separation of Homogeneous Fluid Mixtures II - Other Methods 185

10 Distillation Sequencing 221

11 Distillation Sequencing for Azeotropic Distillation 247

12 Heat Exchange 275

13 Pumping and Compression 349

14 Continuous Process Recycle Structure 377

15 Continuous Process Simulation and Optimization 393

16 Batch Processes 417

17 Heat Exchanger Networks I - Network Targets 457

18 Heat Exchanger Networks II - Network Design 501

19 Heat Exchanger Networks III - Stream Data 543

20 Heat Integration of Reactors 555

21 Heat Integration of Distillation 563

22 Heat Integration of Evaporators and Dryers 577

23 Steam Systems and Cogeneration 583

24 Cooling and Refrigeration Systems 647

25 Environmental Design for Atmospheric Emissions 687

26 Water System Design 721

27 Environmental Sustainability in Chemical Production 781

28 Process Safety 811

Appendix A Physical Properties in Process Design 827

Appendix B Materials of Construction 853

Appendix C Annualization of Capital Cost 861

Appendix D The Maximum Thermal Effectiveness for 1-2 Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers 863

Appendix E Expression for the Minimum Number of 1-2 Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers for a Given
Unit 865

Appendix F Heat Transfer Coefficient and Pressure Drop in Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers 867

Appendix G Gas Compression Theory 875

Appendix H Algorithm for the Heat Exchanger Network Area Target 881

Index 883

Textauszug

Nomenclature

a	Activity (−), or

constant in cubic equation of state (N·m4·kmol−2), or

correlating coefficient (units depend on application), or

cost law coefficient ($), or

order of reaction (−)

amn	Group interaction parameter in the UNIFAC Model (K)

a1, a2

Profile control parameters in optimization (−)

A	Absorption factor in absorption (−), or

annual cash flow ($), or

constant in vapor pressure correlation (N·m−2, bar), or

heat exchanger area (m2)

AC	Cross-sectional area of column (m2)

ACF	Annual cash flow ($·y−1)

AD	Area occupied by distillation downcomer (m2)

ADCF	Annual discounted cash flow ($·y−1)

AFIN	Area of fins (m)

AI	Heat transfer area on the inside of tubes (m2), or

interfacial area (m2, m2·m−3)

AM	Membrane area (m2)

ANETWORK

Heat exchanger network area (m2)

AO	Heat transfer area on the outside of tubes (m2)

AROOT

Exposed outside root area of a finned tube (m)

ASHELL

Heat exchanger area for an individual shell (m2)

AF	Annualization factor for capital cost (−)

capital cost law coefficient (units depend on cost law), or

constant in cubic equation of state (m3·kmol−1), or

correlating coefficient (units depend on application), or

order of reaction (−)

bi	Bottoms flowrate of Component i (kmol·s−1, kmol·h−1)

B	Baffle spacing in shell-and-tube heat exchangers (m), or

Bottoms flowrate in distillation (kg·s−1, kg·h−1, kmol·s−1, kmol·h−1), or

breadth of device (m), or

constant in vapor pressure correlation (N·K·m−2, bar·K), or

moles remaining in batch distillation (kmol)

BC	Baffle cut for shell-and-tube heat exchangers (−)

BOD	Biological oxygen demand (kg·m−3, mg·l−1)

c	Capital cost law coefficient (−), or

correlating coefficient (units depend on application), or

order of reaction (−)

cD	Drag coefficient (−)

cf	Fanning friction factor (−)

cfS	Smooth tube Fanning friction factor (−)

cL	Loss coefficient for pipe or pipe fitting (−)

C	Concentration (kg·m−3, kmol·m−3, ppm), or

constant in vapor pressure correlation (K), or

number of components (separate systems) in network design (−)

CB	Base capital cost of equipment ($)

Ce	Environmental discharge concentration (ppm)

CE	Equipment capital cost ($), or

unit cost of energy ($·kW−1, $·MW−1)

CF	Fixed capital cost of complete installation ($)

CP	Specific heat capacity at constant pressure (kJ·kg−1·K−1, kJ·kmol−1·K−1)

Mean heat capacity at constant pressure (kJ·kg−1·K−1, kJ·kmol−1·K−1)

CS	Corrected superficial velocity in distillation (m·s−1)

CV	Specific heat capacity at constant volume (kJ·kg−1·K−1, kJ·kmol−1·K−1)

C*	Solubility of solute in solvent (kg·kg solvent−1)

CC	Cycles of concentration for a cooling tower (−)

CCSTEAM

Cumulative cost ($·t−1)

COD	Chemical oxygen demand (kg·m−3, mg·l−1)

COP	Coefficient of performance (−)

COPAHP

Coefficient of performance of an absorption heat pump (−)

COPAHT

Coefficient of performance of an absorption heat transformer (−)

COPAR

Coefficient of performance of absorption refrigeration (−)

COPCHP

Coefficient of performance of a compression heat pump (−)

COPHP

Coefficient of performance of a heat pump (−)

COPREF

Coefficient of performance of a refrigeration system (−)

CP	Capacity parameter in distillation (m·s−1) or

heat capacity flowrate (kW·K−1, MW·K−1)

CPEX	Heat capacity flowrate of heat engine exhaust (kW·K−1, MW·K−1)

CW	Cooling water

d	Diameter (μm, m), or

correlating coefficient (units depend on application)

dC	Column inside diameter (m)

di	Distillate flowrate of Component i (kmol·s−1, kmol·h−1)

dI	Inside diameter of pipe or tube (m)

dP	Distillation and absorption packing size (m)

dR	Outside tube diameter for a finned tube at the root of fins (m)

D	Distillate flowrate (kg·s−1, kg·h−1, kmol·s−1, kmol·h−1)

DB	Tube bundle diameter for shell-and-tube heat exchangers (m)

DS	Inside shell diameter for shell-and-tube heat exchangers (m)

DCFRR

Discounted cash flowrate of return (%)

e	Wire diameter (m)

E	Activation energy of reaction (kJ·kmol−1), or

entrainer flowrate in azeotropic and extractive distillation (kg·s−1, kmol·s−1), or

exchange factor in radiant heat transfer (−), or

extract flowrate in liquid–liquid extraction (kg·s−1, kmol·s−1), or

stage efficiency in separation (−)

EO	Overall stage efficiency in distillation and absorption (−)

EP	Economic potential...

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 8.8.2016
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Technische Chemie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
• Schlagworte: chemical engineering • Chemie • Chemische Verfahrenstechnik • Chemistry • conceptual process design • energy efficiency • Environmental sustainability • Heat integration • Industrial Chemistry • Nachhaltige u. Grüne Chemie • Nachhaltige u. Grüne Chemie • Pinch Analysis • Process design • Process Integration • Process Safety • Raw Materials Efficiency • Sustainable Chemistry & Green Chemistry • Technische Chemie • Technische u. Industrielle Chemie • Verfahrenstechnik • Water Minimisation
• ISBN-13: 9781118699089 / 9781118699089