Dynamic Tectonics and Karst (eBook)

Stefan Shanov, Konstantin Kostov (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2014
XI, 123 Seiten
Springer Berlin (Verlag)
978-3-662-43992-0 (ISBN)

Infos

The karstic caves are favorable sites for tectonic events detecting, representing a conservative medium of three-dimensional framework where the tectonic deformations are well preserved. They also provide an environment conducive to dating and determining the geometrical parameters of past seismotectonic events. During the last three decades the study of dynamic tectonics and recent geodynamics in karst terrains has been subject of numerous publications, but it has not been systematically approached in a comprehensive monograph.

This book collects the current state of knowledge on the relationship between karst and dynamic tectonics and presents a new methodology to its study. It puts forward several approaches for studying of recent geodynamics in karst terrains, such as tectonic stress fields reconstructions using structural analysis of the fracturing, geophysical studies of the rock anisotropy and fault-plane solutions from earthquakes, analysis of the spatial orientation and absolute dating of deformed speleothems, instrumental and mechanical measurements, monitoring and modeling - all supported with case studies from several karst areas worldwide, e.g. in Albania, Bulgaria, Cuba and France.

Inhalt

Preface 5
Acknowledgments 7
Contents 8
Symbols 10
1 Tectonic Control on Karst Evolution 11
1.1…State of Knowledge 11
1.2…Practical Applications 12
References 13
2 Tectonic Stress Fields and Karst 16
2.1…Generalities About the Tectonic Stress Fields 16
2.2…Methods of Reconstruction and Analyses of the Tectonic Stress Fields 20
2.2.1 Striations on Tectonic Slickensides 20
2.2.1.1 Right Dihedron Method 21
2.2.1.2 Method of Pressure (P) and Tension (T) Axes (P/T) 21
2.2.1.3 Method of the Smallest Squares 21
2.2.2 Shear Joint Systems 21
2.2.2.0 23
2.2.3 Physical Anisotropy 24
2.2.3.1 Rumiantsevo Region (Central North Bulgaria) 28
2.2.4 Earthquake Fault-Plane Solutions 31
2.2.5 Time Sequence of the Reconstructed Stress Fields 33
2.2.5.0 34
2.3…Tectonic Stress Control on Karst Systems: Case Studies 36
2.3.1 Albania: Tectonic Factor for Karst Formation in the Albanian Dinarides 36
2.3.1.1 Short Geological and Tectonic Characteristics 36
2.3.1.2 Geological and Hydrogeological Conditions of Karst Formation 37
2.3.1.3 Investigation Methods 39
2.3.1.3 0 39
2.3.1.3 0 39
2.3.1.3 0 40
2.3.1.4 Results 40
2.3.1.5 Relations Between Karst Formation and Concrete Tectonic Conditions 43
2.3.2 Bulgaria: Tectonic Stress Fields Studies in Karst Systems 44
2.3.2.1 Western Balkan Mountain 45
2.3.2.1 0 45
2.3.2.1 0 47
2.3.2.1 0 48
2.3.2.1 0 48
2.3.2.1 0 51
2.3.2.1 0 51
2.3.2.1 0 53
2.3.2.1 0 55
2.3.2.1 0 56
2.3.2.1 0 57
2.3.2.2 Central Balkan Area: Karlukovo Karst Region 59
2.3.2.2 0 60
2.3.2.2 0 60
2.3.2.3 Intermediate Zone---Bosnek Karst Region 62
2.3.2.3 0 62
2.3.2.3 0 63
2.3.2.3 0 64
2.3.3 Cuba: Structural and Geophysical Study of the Karst System of Guaso Plateau (Eastern Cuba) 67
2.3.3.1 Regional Characteristics 67
2.3.3.2 Geological and Hydrogeological Background 67
2.3.3.3 Tectonic Stress Fields and Their Control on the Karst System 70
2.3.4 France: Tectonic Stresses and Their Control on the Karst Formation in Plateau of Vaucluse (Alps Maritimes, France) 71
2.3.4.1 Geological Background 71
2.3.4.2 Methods of Study 73
2.3.4.2 0 73
2.3.4.2 0 73
2.3.4.2 0 73
2.3.4.2 0 74
2.3.4.3 Tectonic Stress Fields and Analyses of Their Control on the Karst System 74
References 77
3 Recent Geodynamics and Karst 81
3.1…Traces of Paleoseismicity and Active Tectonics in Karst: Historical Notes 81
3.2…Methods of Study 84
3.2.1 Morphological and Statistical Analysis of Deformed Speleothems 84
3.2.2 Measurement of Natural Frequencies and Horizontal Ground Acceleration of Speleothems 88
3.2.3 Monitoring of Recent Geodynamics 89
3.2.4 Dating Methods 91
3.3…Case Studies 91
3.3.1 Studies in Stara Planina (Balkan) Mountains 91
3.3.1.1 Elata Cave 93
3.3.1.2 Razhishka Cave 97
3.3.1.3 Varteshkata Cave 99
3.3.1.4 Labirinta Cave 100
3.3.1.5 Saeva Dupka Cave 105
3.3.1.6 Troana Cave 105
3.3.1.7 Golyamata Tsepnatina Cave 109
3.3.2 Studies in Rhodopes Mountains 112
3.3.2.1 Lepenitsa Cave 112
3.3.2.2 Yamata Cave 115
3.3.2.3 Shepran Cave 119
3.3.2.4 Snezhanka Cave 120
3.3.2.5 Eminova Cave 123
References 124
Glossary 129

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 23.9.2014
• Reihe/Serie: Cave and Karst Systems of the World
• Reihe/Serie: Cave and Karst Systems of the World
• Zusatzinfo: XI, 123 p. 119 illus., 25 illus. in color.
• Verlagsort: Berlin
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• Schlagworte: Bosnek Karst System • Geodynamics and Karst • Hotton Cave • hydrogeology • Karst System of Plateau Guasso • Lakatnik Karst Region • Massif Arbas • Plateau of Vaucluse • Stara Planina Mountains • Structural Geology • Tectonics and Karst • Tectonic Stress Control on Karst Systems
• ISBN-10: 3-662-43992-1 / 3662439921
• ISBN-13: 978-3-662-43992-0 / 9783662439920