Control Applications in Post-Harvest and Processing Technology 1995 (eBook)

J. De Baerdemaeker, J. Vandewalle (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2016 | 1. Auflage
321 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-9685-2 (ISBN)

Infos

The 1st IFAC/CIGR/EURAENG/ISHS Workshop on Control Applications in Post-Harvest and Processing Technology (CAPPT '95) provides the opportunity to discuss and evaluate the state of the art and application of control methods in storage and processes of agricultural and horticultural products. This publication, generated from the papers at the workshop, provides a detailed assessment of present and future developments of key technologies within the agricultural and horticultural fields.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Control Applications in Post-Harvest and Processing Technology (CAPPT''95) 2
Copyright Page 3
Table of Contents 6
Part I: KEYNOTE LECTURE 10
Chapter 1. Progress in Process Operation by Goal Oriented Advanced Control 10
1 Introduction 10
2 Goals in Post-harvest and Processing operations 11
3 Developments in control 14
4 Product quality models 17
5 Perspective: optimal operation and control 18
6 Examples of the goal oriented approach 19
7 Implementation aspects of Optimal Operation and Control 22
8 Conclusion 23
9 References 23
Part II: MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND OPTIMIZATION 26
Chapter 2. MATHEMATICAL MODELLING ON STORAGE OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES IN MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING (MAP) AND CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE (CA). 26
ABSTRACT 26
INTRODUCTION 26
RESULTS 27
2. OPTIMIZING STORE VOLUME. REFRIGERETING TECHNIQUES, AND C.A. CIRCUMSTANCES 28
3. OPTIMIZING MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING (M.A.P.) CIRCUMSTANCES 29
4. INTEGRATORS AND SENSORS 30
Chapter 3. VISUALISATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF THE AIR FLOW PATTERN IN VENTILATED SPACES BY USING IMAGE ANALYSIS 34
1. PROBLEM: A QUALITATIVE VALIDATION OF MODELS 34
2. OBJECTIVE: QUANTIFICATION OF VISUALISED AIR FLOW PATTERNS 34
3. METHOD: THE LABORATORY TEST INSTALLATION WITH IMAGE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES 35
4. IMAGE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE 37
5. CONCLUSIONS AND POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS OF THE TECHNIQUE - EXPERIMENT 39
6. REFERENCES 40
Chapter 4. OPTIMIZATION FOR FRUIT QUALITY DURING A STORAGE PROCESS 42
1. INTRODUCTION 42
2. OPTIMIZATION PROBLEM 43
3. METHODOLOGY FOR OPTIMIZATION 43
4. IDENTIFICATION OF FRUIT RESPONSE 44
5. OPTIMIZATION RESULTS 46
6. CONCLUSION 47
REFERENCES 47
Chapter 5. ENERGETICAL OPTIMALISATION OF THE GRAIN DRYING PROCESSES BY THE CONTROL OF AIRFLOW RATE 48
1. INTRODUCTION 48
2. BACKGROUND 49
3. THE MODEL OF DRYING KINETICS 50
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 52
6. CONCLUSIONS 53
7. ACKNOWLEDGMENT 53
REFERENCES 53
Chapter 6. OUTDOOR TEMPERATURE MODELLING FOR GRAIN COOLING CONTROL 56
1. INTRODUCTION 56
2. MATERIEL AND METHODS 56
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 58
4. APPLICATION ON COOLING MODELS 58
5. CONCLUSIONS 60
REFERENCES 60
Chapter 7. COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT MODELS USED IN FIXED BED DRYING PROCESSES 62
1. INTRODUCTION 62
2. PHYSICALLY BASED MODELING 63
3. BLACK BOX MODELING 66
4. CONCLUSION 66
REFERENCES 67
Chapter 8. MODELLING THE FINAL DRYING PROCESS FOR HAY IN A DEEP LAYER 68
1.0 INTRODUCTION 68
2.0 REAL TIME CONTROL OF HAY BARN VENTILATION 69
3.0 CONCLUSION 70
REFERENCES 72
Chapter 9. DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF PLANT OPERATION IN THE WINE INDUSTRY 74
1. INTRODUCTION 74
2. BIBLIOGRAPHY 75
3. RATIONALE 76
4. MATERIAL AND METHODS 76
5. RESULTS 77
6. CONCLUSIONS 78
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 78
REFERENCES 78
Chapter 10. PREDICTION OF CONDENSATION ON TOMATOES 82
1. INTRODUCTION 82
2. MATERIAL AND METHODS 83
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 85
4. CONCLUSION 86
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 86
REFERENCES 86
Part III: DECISION SUPPORT AND PLANNING 88
Chapter 11. AUTOMATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF GRAIN DRYING AND TREATMENT IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC 88
1. INTRODUCTION 88
2. GRAIN PRESERVATION METHODS 88
3. AUTOMATION OF POST-HARVEST TREATMENT AND STORAGE PLANTS 89
4. PROCESS AUTOMATION IN CZECH DRYERS 89
5. AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF THE OUTPUT MOISTURE CONTENT 91
6. ANTICIPATED TRENDS OF FUTURE DEVELOPMENT 93
REFERENCES 93
Chapter 12. STUDY FOR AN EXPERT SYSTEM ON PRESERVATION OF THE QUALITY OF POST-HARVEST GRAIN : PLANNING OF STORAGE TECHNICAL ROUTE 94
1. INTRODUCTION 94
2. PLANNING OF STORAGE TECHNICAL ROUTE 95
3. CONCLUSION 101
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 102
REFERENCES 102
Chapter 13. VARIABILITY OF THE STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF WINTER RAPE STEMS AS AN EFFECT OF CONTROLLED STRATEGY IN PLANT GROWTH CONDITIONS 104
1. INTRODUCTION 104
REFERENCES 107
Chapter 14. EXPERT SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN SEED PROCESSING 108
1. INTRODUCTION 108
2. METHOD OF STRUCTURING OF KNOWLEDGE 108
3. THE PLANNING OF ES "SIEVES" RESEARCH PROTOTYPE AND ES "DIAGNOSTICS" DISPLAYING PROTOTYPE 109
4. CONCLUSION 110
REFERENCES 110
Part IV: MEASUREMENT OF PROPERTIES OF PRODUCE 112
Chapter 15. Intelligent Monitoring for Quality of Fresh Citrus Fruit from Packing House to Supermarket 112
Introduction 112
Aims of FRUIT ESPRIT 5379 113
Quality Requirements of Citrus Fruit 113
Life Tracking System 113
Sensor Development 114
Monitoring and Analysis Equipment 114
Overall Operation 115
References 115
Chapter 16. MECHANICAL RESISTANCE OF STORAGE APPLE 118
1. INTRODUCTION 118
2. MATERIAL AND METHOD 119
3. RESULTS 119
4. DISCUSSION 123
5. REFERENCES 124
Chapter 17. LASER LIGHT BASED MACHINE VISION SYSTEM FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE RIPENESS SENSING OF GOLDEN APPLES 126
1. INTRODUCTION 126
2. OBJECTIVES 126
3. IMAGE ACQUISITION SYSTEM 127
4. IMAGE PROCESSING ALGORITHMS 127
5. RELATION OF THE LASER IMAGE WITH THE APPLE RIPENESS 130
6. CONCLUSIONS 130
REFERENCES 131
Chapter 18. STUDY ON QUALITY EVALUATION OF ORANGE FRUIT USING IMAGE PROCESSING 134
1. INTRODUCTION 134
2. MATERIALS 134
3. EXPERIMENTAL DEVICES AND METHODS 135
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 135
5. CONCLUSION 137
REFERENCES 137
Chapter 19. Recognition of Fruits by Image Processing - Application of Template Matching 138
1. INTRODUCTION 138
2. IMAGE RECOGNITION METHODS 139
3. EXPERIMENTS ON POSITION DETECTIONS 139
4. RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS AND CONSIDERATIONS 139
5. SUMMARY 142
REFERENCES 143
Chapter 20. MEASURING OF GRAINY MATERIALS COMPOSITION BY COMPUTER VISION 144
1. INTRODUCTION 144
2. MATERIALS 144
3. DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM 145
3. PROCEDURE 145
4. RESULTS 146
5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 147
REFERENCES 147
Chapter 21. MACHINE VISION FOR THE AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF BROKEN GRAIN FRACTIONS1 148
1 INTRODUCTION 148
2 MATERIAL AND METHODS 149
3 RESULTS 150
4 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 151
5 REFERENCES 151
Chapter 22. Effect of different controlled atmospheres on processing quality of potatoes 152
1. INTRODUCTION 152
2. MATERIAL AND METHODS 152
3. RESULTS 153
4. DISCUSSION 156
REFERENCES 156
Part V: COMPUTER CONTROLLED PROCESS ENVIRONMENT 158
Chapter 23. THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT IN POTATO STORAGE 158
1. INTRODUCTION 158
2. INVENTORY OF SYSTEMS 158
3. LATEST DEVELOPMENTS 159
Chapter 24. ARTIFICIAL BANANA RIPENING BY FUZZY CONTROL 160
1. INTRODUCTION 160
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 161
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 163
REFERENCES 164
Chapter 25. OPTIMIZATION OF THE CLIMATE FOR POTATO STOREHOUSES USING ADAPTIVE FUZZY-CONTROL METHODS 166
1. INTRODUCTION 166
2. MODELLING THE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 166
3. CONTROLLING THE CLIMATE 167
4. FUZZY CONTROL 168
5. ADAPTIVE CONTROLLING USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS 169
6. CONCLUSION 170
Chapter 26. DYNAMIC CONTROL OF THE OXYGEN CONTENT DURING CA STORAGE OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES 172
1. ABSTRACT 172
2. INTRODUCTION 172
3. MATERIAL AND METHODS 173
4. RESULTS 173
5. DISCUSSION 176
6. CONCLUSION 177
7. REFERENCES 177
Part VI: INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES IN POST-HARVEST OPERATIONS 178
Chapter 27. NEURAL NETWORK CLASSIFIERS IN APPLE BLEMISH INSPECTION 178
1. INTRODUCTION 178
2. THE PATTERN CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM 179
3 TEST RESULTS 181
4 CONCLUSIONS 182
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 182
REFERENCES 182
Chapter 28. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL STRATEGIES BASED ON PLANT RESPONSES USING INTELLIGENT MACHINE VISION TECHNIQUE 184
1. INTRODUCTION 184
2. KALMAN FILTER NEURON TRAINING 185
3. FINITE ELEMENT FEATURES 186
4. NEURAL NETWORK CONTROL SYSTEM 187
5. NON-INVASIVE MEASUREMENT FOR PLANT MOISTURE CONTENT 187
6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 189
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 190
8. REFERENCES 190
Chapter 29. NEW APPROACH TO TOTAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS BASED ON AN INTELLIGENT CONTROL 192
1. INTRODUCTION 192
2. OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS 193
3. COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM FOR TOTAL PRODUCTION 193
4. IDENTIFICATION AND CONTROL RESULTS 195
5. CONCLUSION 197
REFERENCES 197
Chapter 30. QUANTIFICATION OF STRUCTURE AND QUALITY OF CHOPPED CROPS BY AN AUTOMATED IMAGE PROCESSING 198
1. INTRODUCTION 198
2. MATERIAL AND METHODS 199
3. RESULTS 199
4. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 202
REFERENCES 202
Chapter 31. METHODOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR CONTAMINANT DETECTION IN WINES, FRUITS AND VEGETABLES USING BIO & CHEMILUMINESCENCE (BCL)
1. INTRODUCTION 204
2. OBJECTIVES 204
3. MATERIALS AND METHODS 205
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 206
5. CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES 208
REFERENCES 209
Chapter 32. SENSOR FUSION FOR QUALITY GRADING OF MELONS 210
1. INTRODUCTION 210
2. MATERIAL 211
3. METHODS 212
4. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES 213
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 213
6. CONCLUSIONS 215
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 216
REFERENCES 216
Chapter 33. INFLUENCE OF STOCHASTIC AIR TEMPERATURE DISTURBANCES ON THE COLD STORAGE OF FRUITS 218
1. INTRODUCTION 218
2. COMPUTATION OF HEAT CONDUCTION 218
3. AUTOREGRESSIVE RANDOM PROCESSES 219
4. A VARIANCE PROPAGATION ALGORITHM 221
5. STOCHASTIC ANALYSIS OF STEADY STATE HEAT TRANSFER IN PINEAPPLE 222
6. CONCLUSIONS 222
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 223
8. NOMENCLATURE 223
9. REFERENCES 223
Chapter 34. NEURAL BRUISE PREDICTION MODELS FOR FRUIT HANDLING AND MACHINERY EVALUATION 224
1. INTRODUCTION 224
2. MATERIAL AND METHODS 225
3. RESULTS FOR BRUISE PREDICTION MODELS 227
4. RESULTS FOR THE BRUISE SIMULATION PROCESS 228
5. RESULTS FOR HANDLING PROCESS AND MACHINERY EVALUATION 229
6. CONCLUSIONS 231
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 232
8. REFERENCES 232
Part VII: OBSERVATION FOR CONTROL 234
Chapter 35. MEASUREMENT OF PRODUCE RESPONSES ON CLIMATIC IMPACTS IN POSTHARVEST 234
1. INTRODUCTION 234
2. MATERIAL AND METHODS 235
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 237
4. CONCLUSION 240
5. REFERENCES 240
Chapter 36. DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW COST VENTILATION RATE SENSOR FOR MICRO-ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL IN STORAGE PLACES 242
1. PROBLEM 242
2. OBJECTIVES 243
3. METHOD 243
4. RESULTS 244
5. CONCLUSIONS 248
6. NOTATION 248
7. REFERENCES 248
Chapter 37. CONTROLLING MOISTURE LOSS AS A TOOL TO REDUCE BRUISE SUSCEPTIBILITY 256
1. INTRODUCTION 256
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 257
3. RESULTS 258
4. CONCLUSIONS 259
REFERENCES 260
TABLES AND FIGURES 260
Chapter 38. APPLICATION OF PHYSICAL DATA TO QUALITY CONTROL OF MINIMALLY PROCESSED APPLES 264
1. INTRODUCTION 264
2. MATERIAL AND METHOD 265
3. RESULTS 265
4. DISCUSSION 267
5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 268
REFERENCES 268
Chapter 39. OFF-LINE COLOUR MACHINE VISION FOR ANALYSING THE BISCUIT BAKING PROCESS 270
1. INTRODUCTION 270
2. PRESENTATION OF THE SYSTEM 271
3. DIMENSIONAL CONTROL 271
4. COLOUR MEASUREMENT 272
5. CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES 275
6. REFERENCES 275
Chapter 40. EVALUATION OF STARCH MODIFICATIONS FROM THERMO-MECHANICAL PROCESSES BY NMR 276
1. INTRODUCTION 276
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 277
3. RESULTS 278
4. CONCLUSION 280
5. REFERENCES 280
Chapter 41. SHAPE RECOGNITION ALGORITHM USING SIMULATED RETINAL FUNCTION FOR GRAFTING ROBOT SYSTEM 282
1. INTRODUCTION 282
2. EXAMPLES OF USING 2 DIMENSIONAL FFT 284
3. EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS AND METHOD 284
4. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 285
5. PICTURE ELEMENTS ARRANGED IN A POLAR COORDINATE SYSTEM 287
6. CONCLUSION 287
Chapter 42. CONTROL OF THE STATE OF INTRACELLULAR WATER FOR HIGH QUALITY STORAGE 288
1. INTRODUCTION 288
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 288
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 289
4. CONCLUSIONS 292
REFERENCES 292
Chapter 43. F.T.-1R / ATR SPECTROMETER AS AT-LINE SUGAR SENSOR IN ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS 294
1. INTRODUCTION 294
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 294
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 295
4. CONCLUSION 298
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 298
REFERENCES 298
Part VIII: QUALITY CONTROL 306
Chapter 44. NEAR INFRARED REFLECTANCE TESTING TO PREDICT SUCROSE AND MALIC ACID CONCENTRATIONS OF MANGOES 300
1. INTRODUCTION 300
2. EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS AND PROCEDURE 300
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 301
4. CONCLUSIONS 304
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 304
REFERENCES 304
Chapter 45. Effects of storage conditions, fruit coatings and packaging on the marketable life of passionfruiL 306
Summary 306
Introduction 306
Materials And Methods 307
Results 307
Discussion 312
Acknowledgments 313
References 313
Chapter 46. POSTHARVEST OPERATIONS AND QUALITY OF RAPESEED 316
1. INTRODUCTION 316
2. MATERIAL AND METHODS 317
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 318
4. CONCLUSIONS 319
5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 319
6. REFERENCES 319
Chapter 47. EFFECTS OF CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE ON THE EXTENSION OF POSTHARVEST QUALITIES AND STORAGE LIFE OF TOMATOES 320
1. INTRODUCTION 320
2. MATERIAL AND METHODS 321
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 321
4. CONCLUSION 324
REFERENCES 324
Chapter 48. DEVELOPMENT OF AN ON-LINE DEVICE FOR FIRMNESS SENSING OF TOMATOES 326
1. INTRODUCTION 326
2. SYSTEM DESIGN 327
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 327
4. CONCLUSION 328
ACKNOWLEGDMENTS 328
REFERENCES 328
AUTHOR INDEX 330

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.1.2016
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Theorie / Studium ► Künstliche Intelligenz / Robotik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Weitere Fachgebiete ► Land- / Forstwirtschaft / Fischerei
• ISBN-10: 1-4832-9685-7 / 1483296857
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4832-9685-2 / 9781483296852