X-Ray Diffraction Studies on the Deformation and Fracture of Solids (eBook)

T. Goto, S. Kodama, Kazuyoshi Tanaka (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2017 | 1. Auflage
338 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
9781483290386 (ISBN)

Infos

This volume covers current research findings and engineering applications of X-ray methods by the Japanese X-ray group members. The first part of the volume deals with fundamental problems in the methods for X-ray stress measurement. Phase stresses in the constituent phases of ceramic composites and ceramic-fiber reinforced metal-matrix composites are separately measured by X-rays, while three-dimensional stresses and thermal stresses in composites measured by X-rays are compared with the theoretical and numerical analyses. This work will therfore provide significant information for designing high-performance composites. Other topics covered include synchrotron X-ray radiation and the analysis of X-ray data by the Guassian curve method.Part two is devoted to the application of X-ray diffraction methods for various engineering purposes, the residual stress and half-value breadth (the full width at half the maximum) of the diffraction profiles being the two main X-ray parameters utilized in those applications. Chapters are included on X-ray fractography, a powerful technique for failure analysis, which is applied to the brittle fracture of ceramics and to the fatigue fracture of steels under various service conditions.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
X-Ray Diffraction Studies on the Deformation and Fracture of Solids 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 12
Foreword 6
Preface 8
List of Contributors 14
Part 1: X-ray Stress Measurement 18
Chapter 1. X-ray Stress Measurement of Alumina/Zirconia Composites 18
ABSTRACT 18
INTRODUCTION 18
PRINCIPLES OF X-RAY STRESS MEASUREMENT 19
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 23
LOADING STRESSES 27
RESIDUAL STRESSES DUE TO MACHINING 36
CONCLUSIONS 43
REFERENCES 44
Chapter 2. Evaluation of Thermal Stresses in Continuous Alumina Fiber-Reinforced Aluminum Composites by X-ray Stress Measurement 46
ABSTRACT 46
INTRODUCTION 47
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 47
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 50
CONCLUDING REMARKS 61
REFERENCES 62
Chapter 3. Influence of Microstress on X-ray Residual Stress Analysis 64
ABSTRACT 64
INTRODUCTION 64
NATURE OF X-RAY DIFFRACTION 65
X-RAY STRESS EVALUATION 66
NECESSITY OF THE d0 VALUE FOR TRIAXIAL STRESS ANALYSIS 68
CRITERION FOR BIAXIAL AND TRIAXIAL ANALYSIS WITH X-RAY RESIDUAL STRESS MEASUREMENT 70
RESIDUAL MICROSTRESS IN SECOND-PHASE PARTICLES DUE TO A THERMAL POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE PHASES 73
TRIAXIALITY OF RESIDUAL MICROSTRESS IN WORKED SURFACE LAYER 77
RESIDUAL STRESS AFTER UNIAXIAL TENSILE DEFORMATION 85
CONCLUDING REMARKS 88
REFERENCES 88
Chapter 4. Method for the X-ray Analysis of Multiaxial Stress in Materials with a Steep Stress Gradient 90
ABSTRACT 90
INTRODUCTION 90
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 91
CONCLUSION 111
REFERENCES 111
Chapter 5. X-ray Strain Analysis and Elastic Anisotropy of Textured Metals 112
ABSTRACT 112
INTRODUCTION 113
ANALYSIS 113
RESULTS OF CALCULATION AND DISCUSSION 116
CONCLUSIONS 124
REFERENCES 125
Chapter 6. X-ray Stress Measurement by Using Synchrotron Radiation Source 126
ABSTRACT 126
PREFACE 126
ESTABLISHMENT OF AN X-RAY STRESS ANALYSIS METHOD BY USING SYNCHROTRON RADIATION SOURCE 127
X-RAY STRESS ANALYSIS OF STEELS HAVING A PREFERRED ORIENTATION 132
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 150
REFERENCES 151
Chapter 7. X-ray Stress Measurement by the Gaussian Curve Method 152
ABSTRACT 152
INTRODUCTION 152
PEAK POSITION 153
CALCULATING STRESS FROM THE PEAK POSITION 156
STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE PEAK POSITION 157
STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE STRESS 159
CHOICE OF DIFFRACTION LINE 160
TEST PROCEDURES 161
TEST RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 161
CONCLUSIONS 166
REFERENCES 167
Part 2: Applications of X-ray Diffraction Methods 170
Chapter 8. X-ray Studies on the Mechanical Properties of Boronized Steel 170
ABSTRACT 170
INTRODUCTION 170
BORONIZING 171
X-RAY RESIDUAL STRESS MEASUREMENT 172
TENSILE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 177
BENDING FATIGUE STRENGTH 178
WEAR STRENGTH 184
REFERENCES 186
Chapter 9. X-ray Study of the Relationship between Strength and Residual Stress in Cemented Carbides Coated with TiN 188
ABSTRACT 188
INTRODUCTION 188
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 189
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 192
DISCUSSION 197
CONCLUSION 204
REFERENCES 206
Chapter 10. X-ray Fractographic Approach to the Brittle Fracture of Ceramics and Ceramic Composites 208
ABSTRACT 208
INTRODUCTION 209
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 209
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 212
DISCUSSION 216
CONCLUSION 225
REFERENCES 226
Chapter 11. Applications and Problems in an X-ray Fractographic Study of Fatigue Fracture Surfaces 228
ABSTRACT 228
INTRODUCTION 228
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 230
FRACTURE SURFACE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE 231
FRACTURE SURFACE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE 233
CORROSION FATIGUE FRACTURE SURFACE 236
CONTROLLING FACTORS FOR THE RESIDUAL STRESS ON THE FRACTURE SURFACE 237
INFLUENCE OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON THE RESIDUAL STRESS OF THE FRACTURE SURFACE 243
CONCLUSIONS 247
REFERENCES 247
Chapter 12. Study on the Fatigue Fracture Surface of Highly Hardened Material by Microbeam X-ray Techniques 250
ABSTRACT 250
FOREWORD 250
EXPERIMENTAL METHODS 251
TEST RESULTS 256
CONCLUSIONS 271
REFERENCES 272
Chapter 13. Application of X-ray Measurements to Rolling Bearing Technology 274
ABSTRACT 274
INTRODUCTION 274
APPLICATION TO FAILURE ANALYSIS 275
CONCLUDING REMARKS 296
REFERENCES 297
Chapter 14. Fatigue Life Assessment of High-Temperature Cr-Mo-V Rotors by X-ray Diffraction 300
ABSTRACT 300
INTRODUCTION 301
INSPECTION EQUIPMENT FOR X-RAY DIFFRACTION 302
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 303
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 305
DISCUSSION 306
CONCLUSION 315
REFERENCES 316
Chapter 15. Fracture Analysis of a Power Generating Machine Part by X-ray Fractography 318
ABSTRACT 318
INTRODUCTION 318
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 319
EXPERIMENT 320
APPLICATION OF X-RAY FRACTOGRAPHY TO MACHINE PARTS 327
SUMMARY 333
REFERENCES 333
Index 334

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 24.1.2017
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Angewandte Physik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bauwesen
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• ISBN-13: 9781483290386 / 9781483290386