Light Scattering in Planetary Atmospheres (eBook)

International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy

V. V. Sobolev (Autor)

D. ter Haar (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2017 | 1. Auflage
274 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
9781483187280 (ISBN)

Infos

Light Scattering in Planetary Atmospheres details the theory of radiative transfer for anisotropic scattering. The title emphasizes more on the theoretical aspects, and such focuses more on the fundamental concepts and basic principles rather than the practical application. The text first presents the basic equations, and then proceeds to tackling specific concepts in the subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 discusses the semi-infinite atmospheres, while Chapter 3 tackles atmospheres of finite optical thickness. Next, the selection talks about atmospheres overlying a reflecting surface. The next two chapters in the title discuss the general theory. The seventh chapter details the linear integral equation, while the eighth chapter covers the approximate formulas. The text also deals with the determination of the physical characteristics of planetary atmospheres, along with the theory of radiative transfer in spherical atmospheres. The book will be of great use to scientists involved in the study of celestial bodies, such as astronomers and astrophysicists.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Light Scattering in Planetary Atmospheres 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
LIST OF TABLES 10
FOREWORD 12
TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE 14
LIST OF SYMBOLS 16
Chapter 1. Basic Equations 20
1.1. The Scattering of Light by an Elementary Volume 20
1.2. The Equation of Radiative Transfer 24
1.3. The Basic Problem 27
1.4. Integral Equations for the Source Function 31
1.5. The Diffuse Radiation Field 34
1.6. The Case of Pure Scattering 38
1.7. Methods for Solving the Problem 40
References 42
Chapter 2. Semi-infinite Atmospheres 43
2.1. The Radiation Field in Deep Layers (Relative Intensity of Radiation) 43
2.2. Diffuse Reflection of Light 48
2.3. Diffuse Transmission of Light 54
2.4. The Radiation Field in Deep Layers (Absolute Intensity) 60
2.5. The Atmospheric Albedo for Small True Absorption 62
2.6. Other Quantities in the Case of Small True Absorption 65
References 70
Chapter 3. Atmospheres of Finite Optical Thickness 71
3.1.Diffuse Reflection and Transmission of Light 71
3.2. Dependence of the Reflection and Transmission Coefficients on Optical Thickness 76
3.3. Atmospheres of Large Optical Thickness 79
3.4. Asymptotic Formulas for the Auxiliary Functions 84
3.5. Inhomogeneous Atmospheres 85
References 91
Chapter 4. Atmospheres Overlying a Reflecting Surface 93
4.1. Basic Equations 93
4.2. The Case of Isotropic Reflection 97
4.3.The Albedo of the Atmosphere and Illumination of the Surface 99
4.4.The Spherical Albedo of a Planet 102
4.5. Specular Reflection of Light 105
References 107
Chapter 5. General Theory 108
5.1.Transformation of the Basic Integral Equation 108
5.2. The Auxiliary Equation 112
5.3. The Function Hm(.) 113
5.4. The Fundamental Function Fm(t) 118
5.5. Particular Cases 121
References 125
Chapter 6. General Theory (continued) 126
6.1. Expression of the Source Function in Terms of Auxiliary Functions 126
6.2. The Fundamental Function Fm(t, t0) 128
6.3. The Xm(., t0) and Ym(., t0) Functions 131
6.4. Particular Cases 134
6.5. Equations Containing Derivatives with Respect to t0 138
6.6. Atmospheres of Large Optical Thickness 140
References 144
Chapter 7. Linear Integral Equations for the Reflection and Transmission Coefficients 145
7.1. Semi-infinite Atmosphere 145
7.2. The Radiation Intensity Averaged over Azimuth 150
7.3. Expressions in Terms of the Functions Hm(.) 152
7.4. The Case of a Three-term Phase Function 155
7.5. Numerical Results 159
7.6. Atmospheres of Finite Optical Thickness 162
7.7. Expressions in Terms of the Functions Xm(.) and Ym(.) 166
7.8.The Case of a Two-term Phase Function 168
References 171
Chapter 8. Approximate Formulas 172
8.1. The Use of Integral Relations 172
8.2. Some Inequalities 175
8.3. Similarity Relations 177
8.4.Directional Averaging of the Radiation Intensity 180
8.5. The Case of Pure Scattering 183
8.6.The Effect of the Reflection of Light by a Surface 186
8.7. The Radiation Field for Highly Anisotropic Scattering 188
References 192
Chapter 9. The Radiation Emerging from a Planet 193
9.1.The Distribution of Brightness Across a Planetary Disc 194
9.2. Dependence of the Planetary Brightness on Phase Angle 196
9.3. Planetary Spectra for Different Points on the Disc 199
9.4.Planetary Spectra for Different Phase Angles 204
9.5. Polarization of Light from a Planet 208
References 213
Chapter 10. Optical Properties of Planetary Atmospheres 214
10.1. Interpretation of the Photometric Observations of Venus 214
10.2. Interpretation of the Polarimetric Observations of Venus 217
10.3. The Atmosphere of the Earth 221
10.4. The Atmosphere of Mars 224
10.5. Atmospheres of the Giant Planets 226
References 228
Chapter 11. Spherical Atmospheres 232
11.1. The Integral Equation for the Source Function in the Case of Isotropic Scattering 232
11.2. The Basic Equations for Anisotropic Scattering 237
11.3.Solution of the Equations in Particular Cases 240
11.4. The Case of an Absorption Coefficient Exponentially Decreasing with Altitude 243
11.5. Spacecraft Observations of Planets 250
References 252
Concluding Remarks 254
APPENDIX 258
Light Scattering in an Inhomogeneous Atmosphere 258
Abstract 258
References 263
Spectrum of a Planet with a Two-layer Atmosphere 264
References 268
AUTHOR INDEX 270
SUBJECT INDEX 272
OTHER TITLES IN THE SERIES IN NATURAL PHILOSOPHY 274

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 17.5.2017
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geografie / Kartografie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• ISBN-13: 9781483187280 / 9781483187280