Structure and Crystallization of Glasses (eBook)

Werner Vogel (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2013 | 1. Auflage
246 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4831-8433-3 (ISBN)

Infos

Structure and Crystallization of Glasses details glass structural analysis from an experimental perspective. The book is comprised of eight chapters that cover various structural concepts. The text first introduces the basic elements of glass structures, and then proceeds to discussing the development of classical structure theories. The next chapter presents research that deals with structure of prototype and original glasses. Next, the book details the position of the structural conceptions resulting from the studies. Chapter 5 talks about the crystallization behavior of glasses according to the classical studies of G. Tammann and their development. Chapter 6 deals with the effects of the composition of glass on the resulting form of a crystal phase in the course of growth. The seventh chapter discusses the microphases in glass and their relations to crystallization, and the last chapter details the directed crystallization in glass. The text will be of great use to individuals involved in the research, development, and application of glass technology, such as materials engineers and inorganic chemists.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Structure and Crystallization of Glasses 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
PREFACE 12
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 14
CHAPTER 2. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CLASSICAL STRUCTURE THEORIES 15
CHAPTER 3. RECENT RESEARCH INTO THE STRUCTURE OF PROTOTYPE AND ORIGINAL GLASSES 22
3.1. RESEARCH INTO PROTOTYPE GLASSES (BERYLLIUM FLUORIDE GLASSES) 22
3.2. RESEARCH INTO ORIGINAL GLASSES (SILICATE, BORATE AND PHOSPHATE GLASSES) 61
3.3. INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE Li2O–SiO2 GLASS SYSTEM, IN PARTICULAR ITS IMPORTANCE IN DEVELOPING NEW STRUCTURAL CONCEPTS 81
3.4. THE LIGHT DIFFUSION AND COLOUR EFFECT IN GLASSES WITH A MICROHETEROGENEOUS STRUCTURE 117
CHAPTER 4. THE PRESENT POSITION OF THE STRUCTURAL CONCEPTIONS RESULTING FROM THE STUDIES TO DATE 129
4.1. THE DESEGREGATION PROCESS IN THE LIQUID GLASS MELT AND THE FORMATION OF A MICROHETEROGENEOUS STRUCTURE 129
4.2. THE SEGREGATION PROCESS IN SOLID GLASS ON HEATING AND TEMPERING 131
4.3. ANALOGIES BETWEEN THE SEGREGATION PROCESSES IN GLASSES OF THE Li2O–SiO2 AND LiF–BeF2 SYSTEMS 132
4.4. SECONDARY SEGREGATION PROCESSES IN THE TWO–PHASE GLASSES [178, 386] 133
4.5. DYNAMICALLY ACTIVE BEHAVIOUR OF FLUID PAIRS AND A POSSIBLE CONNECTION WITH THE SEGREGATION PROCESSES IN GLASS 135
4.6. CRITICAL OBSERVATIONS REGARDING BOTH CLASSICAL STRUCTURAL THEORIES 136
CHAPTER 5. CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOUR OF GLASSES ACCORDING TO THE CLASSICAL STUDIES OF G. TAMMANN AND THEIR LATER DEVELOPMENT 139
5.1. GENERALITIES REGARDING MELTING AND CRYSTALLIZATION 139
5.2. TAMMANN'S FINDINGS REGARDING THE CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOUR OF GLASSES 140
5.3. NUCLEATION AND NUCLEAR GROWTH 140
CHAPTER 6. THE EFFECTS OF THE COMPOSITION OF GLASS ON THE RESULTING FORM OF A CRYSTAL PHASE IN THE COURSE OF GROWTH 144
6.1. GENERAL RELATIONS BETWEEN CRYSTAL GROWTH AND THE DEVELOPING CRYSTAL FORM 144
6.2. CRYSTALLIZATION PHENOMENA IN A PHOSPHATE OPTICAL GLASS WITH VERY DIFFERENT FORMS 145
CHAPTER 7. MICROPHASES IN GLASS AND THEIR RELATIONS TO CRYSTALLIZATION 155
7.1. OBSERVATIONS IN FLUOROSILICATE GLASSES [111] 155
7.2. OBSERVATIONS IN MAGNESIUM PHOSPHATE GLASSES [111] 155
CHAPTER 8. DIRECTED CRYSTALLIZATION IN GLASS 159
8.1. CRYSTALLIZATION AS A BASIS FOR NEW GLASS PRODUCTS 159
8.2. HOMOGENEOUS NUCLEATION 164
8.3. HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEATION 170
8.4. EPITAXY AS A PRIMARY PHENOMENON IN CRYSTALLIZATION INDUCED BY HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEATION 175
8.5. DIRECTED SURFACE CRYSTALLIZATION 184
8.6. GENERAL CONCEPTIONS REGARDING THE STRENGTH OF GLASS AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF AN INCREASE IN ITS STRENGTH BY DIRECTED CRYSTALLIZATION 185
REFERENCES AND SOURCES 195
PART 1: SUPPLEMENT ELECTRON MICROSCOPICAL METHODS OF INVESTIGATION IN GLASS RESEARCH 204
CHAPTER 1. ELECTRON MICROSCOPICAL METHODS OF INVESTIGATION AND PREPARATION TECHNIQUES 206
1.1. DIRECT METHODS OF PREPARATION 206
1.2. INDIRECT SINGLE-STAGE METHODS OF PREPARATION 206
1.3. INDIRECT TWO-STAGE METHODS OF PREPARATION (CASTING PROCESSES) 207
1.4. IMAGE FORMATION, CONTRAST 207
1.5. OBLIQUE SHADOWING, PRE-SHADOWING, DECORATION PROCESSES, ETC. 208
CHAPTER 2. STUDIES ON GLASS WITH THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE 209
2.1. SPECIAL METHODS OF PREPARATION FOR THE EXAMINATION OF GLASS, ESPECIALLY FOR STUDIES OF GLASS STRUCTURE 210
2.2. SPECIAL PROCEDURAL TECHNIQUE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPE SPECIMENS FOR GLASS INVESTIGATIONS 226
CHAPTER 3. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS 235
REFERENCES AND SOURCES 236
INDEX OF AUTHORS 238
INDEX OF SUBJECTS 241

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.10.2013
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Technische Chemie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bauwesen
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
• ISBN-10: 1-4831-8433-1 / 1483184331
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4831-8433-3 / 9781483184333