Molecular Mechanisms in the Control of Gene Expression (eBook)

C. Fred Fox, Donald P. Nierlich, W.J. Rutter (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2013 | 1. Auflage
668 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-7393-8 (ISBN)

Infos

Molecular Mechanisms in the Control of Gene Expression documents the proceedings of the ICN-UCLA conference on Molecular Mechanisms in the Control of Gene Expression, organized through the Molecular Biology Institute of UCLA, held in Keystone, Colorado, 21-26 March 1976. The conference focused on three topics: the action of repressors on specific nucleotide sequences in DNA; how DNA and histones are intertwined in eucaryotic chromosomes; and in the development of new techniques that appear to lift genes from complex genomes. The volume contains 65 chapters organized into nine parts. The papers in Part I examine the organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes. Part II presents studies on the interaction of RNA a polymerase and regulatory molecules with defined DNA sites. Parts III and IV focus on RNA polymerases of eukaryotes and the regulation of transcription in eukaryotic systems, respectively. Part V contains papers dealing with nucleic acid sequences, transcription, and processing. Part VI covers cellular aspects in the study of gene expression. Part VII takes up cloning while Part VIII is devoted to genetic analysis through restriction mapping and molecular cloning. Finally, Part IX summarizes the recent progress reported at the conference and also indicates some of the limitations that can be placed upon interpretation of data.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Molecular Mechanisms in the Control of Gene Expression 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Preface 12
PART I: ORGANIZATION OF PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CHROMOSOMES 14
CHAPTER 1. THE STRUCTURE OF CHROMATIN AND ITS RECONSTRUCTION 14
ABSTRACT 14
REFERENCES 18
CHAPTER 2. X-RAY DIFFRACTION FROM ISOLATED REPEAT UNITS OF CHROMATIN 20
ABSTRACT 20
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 24
REFERENCES 24
CHAPTER 3. NUCLEOPROTEIN CORE PARTICLES IN CHROMATIN SUBUNITS: EXISTENCE OF A COMPLEX OF EIGHT HISTONES AND 140 NUCLEOTIDE PAIRS OF DNA 26
ABSTRACT 26
INTRODUCTION 26
RESULTS 27
SUMMARY 32
REFERENCES 33
CHAPTER 4. HISTONE 2A-2B-4 INTERACTIONS WITHIN CHROMATIN 34
INTRODUCTION 34
METHODS 35
RESULTS 35
DISCUSSION 37
REFERENCES 39
CHAPTER 5. THE SITE OF TRIMETHYLPSORALEN CROSS-LINKING IN CHROMATIN 40
INTRODUCTION 40
METHODS 41
RESULTS 42
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 45
REFERENCES 45
CHAPTER 6. THE ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND SUGGESTED STRUCTURE OF EUCHROMATIC SEGMENTS FROM MOUSE TLT HEPATOMA CHROMATIN 46
INTRODUCTION 46
METHODS 46
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 46
REFERENCES 51
CHAPTER 7. CHROMATIN ASSEMBLY. SITES OF ASSOCIATION OF NEWLY SYNTHE-SIZED CHROMATIN PROTEINS ON DNA 52
INTRODUCTION 52
RESULTS 53
DISCUSSION 56
REFERENCES 56
CHAPTER 8. AUTORADIOGRAPHIC VISUALIZATION AND SEDIMENTATION PROPERTIES OF UNFOLDED BACTERIAL NUCLEOID DNA 58
INTRODUCTION 58
METHODS 59
RESULTS 59
DISCUSSION 61
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 61
REFERENCES 63
CHAPTER 9. Thermoplasma acidophilum: STUDIES ON A PROKARYOTE THAT CONTAINS A HISTONE-LIKE PROTEIN 64
INTRODUCTION 64
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 66
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 70
REFERENCES 70
CHAPTER 10. FACTORS WHICH CONTROL DNA PACKAGING MAY INFLUENCE THE CONTROL OF TRANSCRIPTION 72
INTRODUCTION 72
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 77
REFERENCES 77
PART II: INTERACTION OF RNA POLYMERASE AND REGULATORY MOLECULES WITH DEFINED DNA SITES 80
CHAPTER 11. TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND TRANSLATIONAL (?) CONTROL OF THE . REPRESSOR GENE (cl) 80
ABSTRACT 80
INTRODUCTION 80
THE OPERATORS 82
TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION OF cl 82
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 85
REFERENCES 86
CHAPTER 12. REGULATION OF TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION AND TERMINATION IN THE CONTROL OF EXPRESSION OF THE TRYPTOPHAN OPERON OF E. COLI 88
INTRODUCTION 88
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 90
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 99
REFERENCES 99
CHAPTER 13. POSITIVE CONTROL OF THE TEMPORAL PROGRAM OF BACTERIOPHAGE SP01 GENE EXPRESSION BY PHAGE AND HOST SPECIFIED SUBUNITS OF RNA POLYMERASE 102
INTRODUCTION 102
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 104
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 116
REFERENCES 116
CHAPTER 14. DNA-BINDING SPECIFICITY OF A POSITIVELY REGULATING RNA POLYMERASE 118
INTRODUCTION 118
RESULTS 120
DISCUSSION 128
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 131
REFERENCES 132
CHAPTER 15. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PROMOTER OF THE T4 tRNA OPERON 134
INTRODUCTION 134
RESULTS 140
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 146
REFERENCES 147
CHAPTER 16. CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF SUPERCOILED DNA: EFFECT ON THE RATE OF TRANSCRIPTION 148
INTRODUCTION 148
METHODS 148
RESULTS 149
DISCUSSION 154
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 154
REFERENCES 154
CHAPTER 17. THE INTERACTION OF CHEMICALLY SYNTHESIZED 21 BASE PAIR LAC OPERATOR WITH THE LAC REPRESSOR 156
INTRODUCTION 156
METHODS 159
RESULTS 159
DISCUSSION 166
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 169
REFERENCES 169
CHAPTER 18. SYNTHESIS OF LAC AND . OPERATOR DNA SEQUENCES 172
INTRODUCTION 172
METHODS 173
RESULTS 173
DISCUSSION 175
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 176
REFERENCES 176
CHAPTER 19. RECONSTITUTION OF OPERATOR DNA-ACTIVE LACTOSE REPRESSOR FROM SUBUNITS 178
INTRODUCTION 178
MATERIALS AND METHODS 178
RESULTS 179
DISCUSSION 183
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 183
REFERENCES 183
CHAPTER 20. ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE DNA INTERACTIONS 184
INTRODUCTION 184
METHODS 185
RESULTS 186
DISCUSSION 186
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 189
REFERENCES 189
CHAPTER 21. REGULATION OF TRANSCRIPTION BY PEPTIDE ANTIBIOTICS 190
INTRODUCTION 191
METHODS 194
RESULTS 196
DISCUSSION 203
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 205
REFERENCES 205
PART III: RNA POLYMERASES OF EUKARYOTES: TRANSCRIPTION AND SPECIFICITY 208
CHAPTER 22. CHARACTERISTICS OF AN IN VITRO SYSTEM WHICH TRANSCRIBES VIRAL RNA FROM CHROMATIN 208
INTRODUCTION 208
MATERIALS AND METHODS 209
RESULTS 213
DISCUSSION 229
REFERENCES 232
CHAPTER 23. SELECTIVE TRANSCRIPTION OF THE 5S RNA GENES IN ISOLATED CHROMATIN BY RNA POLYMERASE III 236
INTRODUCTION 237
MATERIALS AND METHODS 238
RESULTS 239
DISCUSSION 251
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 254
REFERENCES 254
CHAPTER 24. OOCYTE RNA POLYMERASE OF XENOPUS LAEVIS: IN VITRO TRANSCRIPTION OF AMPLIFIED RIBOSOMAL DNA 256
INTRODUCTION 256
METHODS 257
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 257
REFERENCES 261
CHAPTER 25. LOCALIZATION OF RNA POLYMERASE ON DROSOPHILA POLYTENE CHROMOSOMES BY INDIRECT IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE 262
METHODS 262
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 265
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 266
REFERENCES 266
CHAPTER 26. SUBCLASSES OF RNA POLYMERASE IN THE URCHIN EMBRYO 268
Introduction 268
METHODS 268
RESULTS 269
DISCUSSION 273
REFERENCES 273
CHAPTER 27. MULTIPLE RNA POLYMERASES FROM ACANTHAMOEBA CASTELLANII: LACK OF ALTERATION IN SUBUNIT ARCHITECTURE AND LEVELS DURING ENCYSTMENT 274
INTRODUCTION 274
METHODS 275
RESULTS 275
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 279
REFERENCES 279
CHAPTER 28. DNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASES FROM HIGHER PLANTS 280
INTRODUCTION 280
METHODS 280
RESULTS 281
DISCUSSION 284
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 285
REFERENCES 285
CHAPTER 29. STUDIES ON THE INHIBITION OF TRANSCRIPTION BY THE HEPATOCARCINOGEN N-HYDROXY-2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE 286
INTRODUCTION 286
MATERIAL & METHODS
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
REFERENCES 291
PART IV: REGULATION OF TRANSCRIPTION IN EUKARYOTIC SYSTEMS 292
CHAPTER 30. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHROMATIN STRUCTURE AND TRANSCRIPTION 292
INTRODUCTION 293
MATERIALS AND METHODS 293
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 298
REFERENCES 318
CHAPTER 31. THE SYNTHESIS, ISOLATION, AMPLIFICATION AND TRANSCRIPTION OF THE OVALBUMIN GENE 322
INTRODUCTION 322
METHODS 323
RESULTS 325
DISCUSSION 337
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 340
REFERENCES 340
CHAPTER 32. KINETICS OF OVALBUMIN AND CONALBUMIN mRNA INDUCTION BY ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE 344
INTRODUCTION 344
RESULTS 345
DISCUSSION 348
REFERENCES 349
CHAPTER 33. DNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE I AND II ACTIVATION BY 17ß-ESTRADIOL-RECEPTOR COMPLEX ON LIVER CHROMATIN FROM IMMATURE CHICKS 350
INTRODUCTION 350
METHODS 351
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 351
REFERENCES 353
CHAPTER 34. EFFECT OF ESTROGEN ON GENE EXPRESSION: VITELLOGENIN SYNTHESIS MAY BE REGULATED AT THE LEVEL OF BOTH TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION 362
INTRODUCTION 362
METHODS 363
RESULTS 363
DISCUSSION 366
REFERENCES 367
CHAPTER 35. SELECTIVE TRANSCRIPTION OF THE EUGLEM GRACILIS CHLOROPLAST CHROMOSOME IN VITRO 368
INTRODUCTION 368
METHODS 369
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 370
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 373
REFERENCES 373
CHAPTER 36. PRODUCTS OF CELL-FREE RNA SYNTHESIS USING CONDITIONS PREVENTING INITIATION AND PROCESSING 374
INTRODUCTION 374
METHODS 375
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 376
REFERENCES 379
PART V: NUCLEIC ACID SEQUENCES, TRANSCRIPTION AND PROCESSING 380
CHAPTER 37. SEQUENCES OF SV40 DNA 380
INTRODUCTION 380
MATERIALS AND METHODS 381
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 382
REFERENCES 390
CHAPTER 38. COMPLEMENTARY SEQUENCES IN HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEAR RNA 392
INTRODUCTION 392
METHODS 392
RESULTS 393
DISCUSSION 396
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 397
REFERENCES 397
CHAPTER 39. PURIFICATION OF GLOBIN mRNA AND DETECTION OF ITS PRESUMPTIVE PRECURSOR 398
REFERENCES 403
CHAPTER 40. THE COMPLEXITY OF NUCLEAR RNA AND MESSENGER RNA IN THE UNINDUCED FRIEND CELL 404
INTRODUCTION 404
MATERIALS AND METHODS 405
RESULTS 406
DISCUSSION 409
REFERENCES 410
CHAPTER 41. A COMPARISON OF THE SIZES OF MESSENGER RNAs CODING FOR LYSOZYME (GENE 3.5) IN T7-INFECTED RNase III+ AND RNase III- STRAINS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI 412
INTRODUCTION 412
RESULTS 412
DISCUSSION 415
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 417
REFERENCES 417
CHAPTER 42. PROCESSING OF RIBOSOMAL RNA IN .. COLI 418
INTRODUCTION 418
RESULTS 418
DISCUSSION 420
REFERENCES 423
CHAPTER 43. RNA UNWINDING PROTEINS: MECHANISM OF ACTION AND APPARENT CELLULAR LOCATION 424
INTRODUCTION 424
MATERIALS AND METHODS 425
RESULTS 425
DISCUSSION 430
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 430
REFERENCES 430
CHAPTER 44. POLYNUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROPERTIES OF E. COLI RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S1 434
INTRODUCTION 434
RESULTS 435
DISCUSSION 438
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 439
REFERENCES 439
CHAPTER 45. KINETIC STUDIES ON THE HYBRIDIZATION OF RNA TO DOUBLE STRANDED DNA 440
INTRODUCTION 440
MATERIALS AND METHODS 441
RESULTS 442
DISCUSSION 451
REFERENCES 456
PART VI: CELLULAR ASPECTS IN THE STUDY OF GENE EXPRESSION 458
CHAPTER 46. NUCLEAR AND CYTOPLASMIC ROLES IN DETERMINATION OF CELLULAR PHENOTYPE 458
INTRODUCTION 458
METHODS OF PREPARING CELLULAR COMPONENTS 458
RESULTS 460
SUMMARY 469
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 469
REFERENCES 469
CHAPTER 47. NUCLEAR TRANSPLANTATION WITH MAMMALIAN CELLS 472
INTRODUCTION 472
RESULTS 473
DISCUSSION 477
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 477
REFERENCES 477
CHAPTER 48. RED CELL MICROINJECTION OF TRANSFER RNA MOLECULES 478
INTRODUCTION 478
METHODS 478
RESULTS 479
DISCUSSION 480
REFERENCES 481
PART VII: CLONING AND CLONING VEHICLES 484
CHAPTER 49. CONSTRUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CLONING VEHICLES 484
INTRODUCTION 484
RESULTS 485
DISCUSSION 489
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 489
REFERENCES 489
CHAPTER 50. A MUTATION AMPLIFYING THE GENES CARRIED BY THE pi-HISTIDINE PLASMID 492
INTRODUCTION 492
MEDIA 493
RESULTS 493
DISCUSSION 496
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 496
REFERENCES 497
CHAPTER 51. THE FIDELITY OF REPLICATION OF MOUSE MITOCHONDRIAL DNA-pSC101 RECOMBINANT PLASMIDS GROWN IN E. COLI K12 500
INTRODUCTION 500
METHODS 501
RESULTS 501
DISCUSSION 504
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 505
REFERENCES 505
CHAPTER 52. GENETIC SELECTIONS AND THE CLO NING OF PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC GENES 508
INTRODUCTION 508
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 509
REFERENCES 519
CHAPTER 53. THE PRODUCTION OF PROTEINS BY BACTERIAL PLASMIDS CONTAINING EUKARYOTIC DNA FRAGMENTS 520
INTRODUCTION 520
METHODS 521
RESULTS 521
DISCUSSION 524
REFERENCES 525
CHAPTER 54. IN VITRO SYNTHESIS AND MOLECULAR CLONING OF EUKARYOTIC STRUCTURAL GENES 526
INTRODUCTION 526
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 528
APPENDIX 540
SAFETY PROCEDURES 545
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 545
REFERENCES 546
CHAPTER 55. INSERTION OF RABBIT GLOB IN SEQUENCES INTO E. COLI PLASMIDS 548
INTRODUCTION 548
METHODS AND RESULTS 548
DISCUSSION 553
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 554
REFERENCES 554
PART VIII: GENETIC ANALYSIS THROUGH RESTRICTION MAPPING AND MOLECULAR CLONING 556
CHAPTER 56. CLONING OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER ECORI DNA FRAGMENTS 556
INTRODUCTION 556
METHODS 557
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 557
ACKNOWLEDEGMENTS 565
REFERENCES 565
CHAPTER 57. INITIAL STUDIES OF SEA URCHIN DNA SEQUENCE ORGANIZATION BY MOLECULAR CLONING 566
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 575
REFERENCES 575
CHAPTER 58. USE OF MOLECULAR CLONING IN THE GENETIC AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSES OF THE PLASMID F 578
INTRODUCTION 578
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 581
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 591
REFERENCES 591
CHAPTER 59. CLONING OF THE RIBOSOMAL RNA GENES OF YEAST 594
INTRODUCTION 594
METHODS AND RESULTS 595
DISCUSSION 597
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 597
REFERENCES 598
CHAPTER 60. PHYSICAL MAPPING OF SV40-LAMBDA HYBRID GENOMES 600
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 605
REFERENCES 605
CHAPTER 61. INTERSPERSION OF INVERTED AND MIDDLE REPEATED SEQUENCES WITHIN THE GENOME OF THE SLLKWORM, BOMBYX MORI 606
INTRDDUCTION 606
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 607
REFEEENCES 611
CHAPTER 62. ORGANIZATION OF THE RIBOSOMAL GENES OF DICTYOSTELIUM 612
INTRODUCTION 612
METHODS 612
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 613
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 616
REFERENCES 616
CHAPTER 63. PHYSICAL MAPPING OF BACTERIOPHAGE DNA BY EXONUCLEASE III AND ENDODEOXYRIBONUCLEASE BAMH1 618
INTRODUCTION 618
MATERIALS AND METHODS 619
RESULTS 621
DISCUSSION 622
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 623
REFERENCES 623
CHAPTER 64. ISOLATION AND TRANSCRIPTION OF T4 DNA FRAGMENTS CONTAINING THE T4 tRNA GENES 624
INTRODUCTION 624
RESULTS 625
DISCUSSION 632
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 634
REFERENCES 634
PART IX: SUMMING UP 636
CHAPTER 65. PERSPECTIVES AND TRENDS IN GENE EXPRESSION 636
STRUCTURE OF CHROMATIN 636
TRANSCRIPTION OF CHROMATIN 640
ORGANIZATION OF CONTROL SEQUENCES 643
ALTERNATE FORMS OF RNA POLYMERASE 648
ORGANIZATION OF THE EUCARYOTIC GENOME 650
REFERENCES 652
Author Index 656
Subject Index 660

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.10.2013
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Evolution
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• ISBN-10: 1-4832-7393-8 / 1483273938
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4832-7393-8 / 9781483273938