Extreme Environments (eBook)

Mechanisms of Microbial Adaptation

Milton R. Heinrich (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2013 | 1. Auflage
380 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-7163-7 (ISBN)

Infos

Extreme Environments: Mechanisms of Microbial Adaptation is a collection of papers presented at the symposium on Extreme Environments: Mechanisms of Microbial Adaptation, held at Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California in June 1974. The meeting emphasizes research work leading to an understanding of the molecular mechanisms that allow the organism to survive extreme environments. The book presents lectures and papers on the general aspects of microbial adaptation; effects of temperature and high salt concentration on the various steps in information transfer; and on microbial enzymes. Effects of temperature, salt, and pressure on membrane structure and function are analyzed as well. The book will be of interest to biologists, microbiologists, biochemists, zoologists, and students of life sciences.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Extreme Envirohmekts: Mechanisms of Microbial Adaptation 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 8
Dedication 14
List of Contributors 10
Preface 12
PART I: THEME LECTURE 20
CHAPTER 1. 
22 
STRESSES IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS ON EARTH 24
ECOLOGY OF ADAPTATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS 31
EXOBIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY 41
REFERENCES 42
PART II: ANTARCTIC STUDIES 46
CHAPTER 2. 
48 
INTRODUCTION 48
MATERIALS AND METHODS 49
RESULTS 51
DISCUSSION 65
ADDENDUM 71
REFERENCES 75
CHAPTER 3. ANTARCTIC MICROBIOLOGY–PREPARATION FOR MARS LIFE DETECTION, QUARANTINE, AND BACK CONTAMINATION 76
ANTARCTICA AS A MARS MODEL 76
ANTARCTIC PERTURBATIONS 83
MARS LIFE DETECTION AND QUARANTINE PROBLEMS 84
MARS SIMULATION AND CONTAINMENT STUDIES 96
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND EULOGY 97
REFERENCES 98
PART III: INFORMATION TRANSFER 102
CHAPTER 4. 
104 
COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION TRANSFER 104
INTRODUCTION 104
DNA 105
RNA 106
RIBOSOMES 108
RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN 109
ENZYMES 110
IN VITRO PROTEIN-SYNTHESIZING SYSTEMS 111
FIDELITY OF INFORMATION TRANSFER 112
INTRODUCTION 112
REPLICATION 112
TRANSCRIPTION 113
TRANSLATION 113
REFERENCES 115
CHAPTER 5. 
122 
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE PROPERTIES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS 122
RESONANCE ASSIGNMENTS 126
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS 126
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT CHANGES IN THE DYNAMICS AND STRUCTURE OF tRNA 128
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 135
REFERENCES 136
CHAPTER 6. 
138 
INTRODUCTION 138
THE DNA OF EXTREMELY HALOPHILIC BACTERIA 139
TRANSCRIPTION 140
TRANSLATION 142
READING OF THE GENETIC CODE 146
INITIATION OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 149
IONIC INTERACTIONS IN INFORMATION TRANSFER 150
CONCLUSION 151
REFERENCES 153
CHAPTER 7. 
156 
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 162
REFERENCES 162
PART IV: PROTEINS 164
CHAPTER 8. 
166 
STABILITY OF ENZYMES IN CELL FREE EXTRACTS 167
GENERAL PROPERTIES OF PROTEINS FROM THERMOPHILES 168
NONPROTEIN FACTORS IN STABILIZATION OF PROTEINS 169
STABILIZATION BY DISULFIDE AND HYDROPHOBIC BONDS 170
AMINO ACID SEQUENCES IN THERMOSTABLE PROTEINS 175
ALLOSTERISM AND FEEDBACK CONTROL OF ENZYMES FROM THERMOPHILES 196
CONCLUSION 199
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 199
REFERENCES 200
CHAPTER 9. A COMPARISON OF THE AMINO ACID COMPOSITIONS OF PROTEINS FROM THERMOPHILIC AND NON-THERMOPHILIC ORIGINS 208
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 218
REFERENCES 218
CHAPTER 10. 
220 
INTRODUCTION 220
RESULTS 221
DISCUSSION 223
REFERENCES 229
CHAPTER 11. PROPERTIES OF A PARTIALLY PURIFIED NADH DEHYDROGENASE FROM AN EXTREMELY HALOPHILIC BACTERIUM, STRAIN AR-1 232
REFERENCES 243
PART V: MEMBRANES 246
CHAPTER 12. 
248 
REFERENCES 271
CHAPTER 13. 
274 
INTRODUCTION 274
MATERIALS AND METHODS 282
RESULTS 284
DISCUSSION 292
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 297
REFERENCES 297
CHAPTER 14. 
302 
HOMEOVISCOUS ADAPTATION 304
MINIMAL GROWTH TEMPERATURE 305
MAXIMAL GROWTH TEMPERATÜRE 306
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 310
REFERENCES 310
CHAPTER 15. 
314 
REFERENCES 321
CHAPTER 16. 
324 
INTRODUCTION 324
MATERIALS AND METHODS 325
RESULTS 325
DISCUSSION 332
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 338
REFERENCES 338
CHAPTER 17. 
340 
INTRODUCTION 340
THEORETICAL 342
EXPERIMENTAL METHODS 351
RESULTS 352
DISCUSSION 363
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 366
REFERENCES 366
CHAPTER 18. 
368 
REFERENCES 372
Subject Index 378

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.10.2013
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Evolution
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Ökologie / Naturschutz
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
• ISBN-10: 1-4832-7163-3 / 1483271633
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4832-7163-7 / 9781483271637