Chemistry of Propellants (eBook)

A Meeting Organised by the AGARD Combustion and Propulsion Panel

J. Ducarme, S. S. Penner (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2016 | 1. Auflage
666 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-2129-8 (ISBN)

Infos

The Chemistry of Propellants is a collection of papers and comments presented at the meeting on 'The Chemistry of Propellants, held in Paris, France on June 8-12, 1959, organized by the AGARD Combustion and Propulsion Panel. This book is organized into six parts encompassing 25 chapters that serve as an introduction to the broad and important subject of propellant chemistry and propulsion applications. The first part deals with the sources, availability, and comparative costing of propulsion system. The second and third parts discuss the theoretical, thermodynamic, and experimental aspects of liquid and solid propellants. The fourth part examines the main problems concerning preparation, storage, and use of propellants for ramjet, while the fifth part looks into the factors leading to deposits in jet engines and some of the consequences of their existence. The sixth part covers the advantages of the high energy chemical propellants, including fluorine and hydrogen. Combustion and propulsion scientists and researchers will find this book beneficial.

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The Chemistry of Propellants is a collection of papers and comments presented at the meeting on "e;The Chemistry of Propellants, held in Paris, France on June 8-12, 1959, organized by the AGARD Combustion and Propulsion Panel. This book is organized into six parts encompassing 25 chapters that serve as an introduction to the broad and important subject of propellant chemistry and propulsion applications. The first part deals with the sources, availability, and comparative costing of propulsion system. The second and third parts discuss the theoretical, thermodynamic, and experimental aspects of liquid and solid propellants. The fourth part examines the main problems concerning preparation, storage, and use of propellants for ramjet, while the fifth part looks into the factors leading to deposits in jet engines and some of the consequences of their existence. The sixth part covers the advantages of the high energy chemical propellants, including fluorine and hydrogen. Combustion and propulsion scientists and researchers will find this book beneficial.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
The Chemistry of Propellants 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contets 6
PREFACE 10
EDITORS' NOTE 11
INTRODUCTION 12
OPENING REMARKS MADE BY DR. FREDERICK SEITZ, NATOSCIENCE ADVISOR, AT THE AGARD MEETING ON "CHEMISTRY OF PROPELLANTS" 13
PART 1: PROPELLANT SOURCES AND COSTS 13
CHAPTER 1. SOURCES, AVAILABILITY AND ESTIMATED COSTS OF PROPELLANTS 16
INTRODUCTION 16
PROPELLANT COST. RATE OF PRODUCTION RELATIONSHIP 18
COST OF IMPROVING PERFORMANCE 20
SYSTEM COST IMPLICATIONS 22
CURRENT ANNUAL UNITED STASES' PRODUCTION 24
AVAILABILITY AND COST OF SPECIFIC FUELS AND OXIDAMTS 26
SUMMARY 32
REFERENCES 38
PART 2: LIQUID PROPELLANTS 40
CHAPTER 2. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMODYNAMICS AND THEORETICAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ROCKET PROPELLANTS 40
HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMODYNAMICS AND THEORETICAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ROCKET PROPELLANTS 45
INTRODUCTION 45
THEORETICAL PERFORMANCE CALCULATIONS 48
MODEL ASSUMPTIONS 48
METHOD OF CALCULATION 50
CALCULATION OF CHAMBER CONDITIONS 51
CALCULATION OF NOZZLE CONDITIONS 55
CALCULATION OF PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS 56
RESULTS OF THERMODYNAMIC CALCULATIONS 67
CHAPTER 3. 
82 
ALUMINUM 82
RESULTS AND USE OF PERFORMANCE DATA 85
FUTURE EXTENSIONS OF GENERALIZED N-ELEMENT PROGRAM 87
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 87
REFERENCES 88
CHAPT3ER 4. PAGE 1 OF APPENDIX B TABLE I - CHAMBER CONDITIONS 102
APPENDIX C: Cathode Ray Tube Traces 130
ABSTRACT 40
SOMMAIRE 41
NOMENCLATURE 42
CHAPTER 5. LIQUID PROPELL ANTS FOR ROCKETS 136
i . INTRODUCTION 136
2. PERTINENT PROPERTIES OF LIQUID PROPELLANTS 136
3· PREPARATION OF LIQUID PROPELLANTS 163
4. PERFORMANCE 167
5. RECOMMENDATIONS 171
6· CONCLUSION 174
SOMMAIRE 174
REFERENCES 177
CHAPTER 6. AN EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF ROCKET PROPELLANT DATA 184
ABSTRACT 184
SOMMAIRE 184
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS 185
PROGRAM BACKGROUND 187
SCOPE OF THE FUELS EVALUATION PROGRAM 189
SELECTION OF TEST FUELS 193
COMBUSTION STABILITY EVALUATION 193
HEAT TRANSFER AND COOLANT PROPERTY TESTS 197
RESEARCH THRUST CHAMBER PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 204
GAS GENERATOR PERFORMANCE AND THERMODYNAMIC GAS PROPERTIES 220
CONCLUDING REMARKS 227
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 230
BIBLIOGRAPHY 231
APPENDIX A: LABORATORY ANALYSIS OF TEST FUELS 232
CHAPTER 7. DISCUSSION OF THE PAPER 243
DISCUSSIONS OF THE PAPER BY D. L. ARMSTRONG 248
MOUREU AND R.LEVY: COMMENTS ON GREENFIELD'SPAPER 253
DISCUSSIONS OF THE PAPER BY S. GREENFIELD 257
PART 3: SOLID PROPELLANTS 7
CHAPTER 8. 
261 
INTRODUCTION 261
PREPARATION 261
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 266
SURVEILLANCE PROPERTIES 275
CONCLUSION 278
References 279
CHAPTER 9. PREPARATION ET PROPRIETES DES PROPERGOLS: PROPERGOIS SOLIDES COMPOSITES 280
1. GENERALITES 280
2. FABRICATION DES PROPKHGOLS SOLIDES COMPOSITES 281
3. PROPRIETES DES POUDRES COMPOSITES 291
4. BIBLIOGRAPHIE 298
SUMMARY 299
CHAPTER 10. METHODS OF BURNING RATE CONTROL IN SOLID PROPELLANTS 300
ABSTRACT 300
INTRODUCTION 300
METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF BURNING RATE 301
FACTORS CONTROLLING RATE OF BURNING 304
BURNING RATES OF PROPELLANTS 305
RIGID COMPOSITES 307
ELASTQMERIC COMPOSITES 308
THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES 309
THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS 310
AMMONIUM NITRATE TYPES 311
AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE TYPES 312
CONCLUSIONS 313
SOMMAIRE 315
NOMENCLATURE AMD ABBREVIATIONS USED 315
BIBLIOGRAPHY 316
CHAPTER 11. METHODS OF BURNING RATE CONTROL IN SOLID PROPELLANTS 300
DISCUSSIONS OF THE PAPER BY R. STEINBERGER 318
DISCUSSIONS OF THE PAPER BY P. TAVERNIER AND J. BOISSON 321
DISCUSSIONS OF THE PAPER BY G. H. S. YOUNG 328
PART 4: PROPELLANTS FOR AIR-BREATHING ENGINES 7
CHAPTER 12. COMBUSTIBLES POUR STATOREACTEUR - PROPRIETES ET PREPARATION 333
1. INTRODUCTION 333
Summary 382
2. QUALITES D'UTILISATION DES COMBUSTIBLES 336
BIBLIOGRAPHIE 379
CHAPTER 13. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF RAMJET PROPELLANTS 383
SUMMARY 383
INTRODUCTION 383
FUEL PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS 384
FUEL SELECTION 387
COMBUSTOR PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS 390
SURVEY OF EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 392
HYPERSONIC RAMJET FUEL PROBLEMS 399
CONCLUSIONS 403
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 404
SOMMAIRE 404
REFERENCES 405
CHAPTER 14. 
383 
DISCUSSIONS OF THE PAPER BY M. BARRERE AND G. FRAN.AIS 409
REFERENCES 413
DISCUSSIONS OF THE PAPER BY E. PERCHONOK 423
PART 5: SELECTED BASIC STUDIES 7
CHAPTER 15. 
425 
HYPERSONIC FLOW PROBLEMS 425
FLOW EQUATIONS 435
TRANSIATIONAL RELAXATION 443
ROTATIONAL RELAXATION 446
VIERATIONAX REIAXATIONAL 448
CHEMICAL RELAXATION 460
OTHER RELAXATION PHENOMENA 462
FLOW WITH E......0. 463
CONCLUDING REMARKS 476
REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 478
HYPERSONIC FLOW PROBLEMS 478
FLOW EQUATIONS 489
TRANSLATIONAL RELAXATION 492
ROTATIONAL RELAXATION 492
VIBRATIONAL RELAXATION 493
CHEMICAL RELAXATION 498
OTHER RELAXATION PHENOMENA 503
FLOW WITH RELAXATION 503
CHAPTER 16. 
506 
INTRODUCTION 506
ORIGIN OF SURFACE RESIDUES 507
MECHANISM OF SURFACE DEPOSITION 525
DEPOSIT THICKNESS 536
EFFECTS OF DEPOSITS 538
CONCLUDING REMARKS 541
S.MBOLS 542
REFERENCES 545
CHAPTER 17. 
567 
PART 6: HIGH-ENERGY PROPELLANTS AND BASIC PROPULSION PROBLEMS 7
Chapter 18. 
571 
1. Introduction 572
2. Rockets for what 572
3. High energy propellents 574
4. The importance of specific impulse 577
5. Properties other than performance 580
6. General discussion and conclusions 582
Acknowledgements 584
References 584
Appendix 585
CHAPTER 19. 
593 
CHAPTER 20. 
593 
BASIC PROBLEMS IN PROPULSION BY SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES 601
INTRODUCTION 601
COST 601
STORABILITY 602
GEOMETRICAL RESTRICTIONS 602
THRUST CONTROL 602
SIZE AND THRUST-TO-WEIGHT RATIO 603
PROPELLANT PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 604
RELIABILITY 604
PROPELLANT MASS FRACTION 604
SPECIFIC IMPULSE 605
ENGINE QUALITY RELATED TO SIZE 606
CHAPTER 21. 
615 
CHAPTER 22. DISCUSSION ON APPLICATIONS OF AIR-BREATHING LAUNCHERS 618
INTRODUCTION 618
THE POSSIBILITY OF AIR-BREATHING LAUNCHERS FOR SPACE INVESTIGATIONS 619
WEIGHT BREAKDOWN OF TWO SYSTEMS 623
CONCLUSIONS 625
CHAPTER 23. 
641 
1. INTRODUCTION 641
2. NUCLEAR THERMAL PROPULSION 642
3. ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPULSION 646
4. SUMMARY 647
Bibliography 647
CHAPTER 24. BASIC PROBLEMS IN PROPULSION LIQUID PROPELLENT ROCKETS 594
MERITS 594
BASIC PROBLEMS 595
CONCLUSION 597
CHAPTER 25. 
656 

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 1.9.2016
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bauwesen
• ISBN-10: 1-4832-2129-6 / 1483221296
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4832-2129-8 / 9781483221298