Mechanisms of Hormone Action (eBook)

A NATO Advanced Study Institute

P Karlson (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2013 | 1. Auflage
288 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-6762-3 (ISBN)

Infos

Mechanisms of Hormone Action: A NATO Advanced Study Institute focuses on the action mechanisms of hormones, including regulation of proteins, hormone actions, and biosynthesis. The selection first offers information on hormone action at the cell membrane and a new approach to the structure of polypeptides and proteins in biological systems, such as the membranes of cells. Discussions focus on the cell membrane as a possible locus for the hormone receptor; gaps in understanding of the molecular organization of the cell membrane; and a possible model of hormone action at the membrane level. The text also ponders on insulin and regulation of protein biosynthesis, including insulin and protein biosynthesis, insulin and nucleic acid metabolism, and proposal as to the mode of action of insulin in stimulating protein synthesis. The publication elaborates on the action of a neurohypophysial hormone in an elasmobranch fish; the effect of ecdysone on gene activity patterns in giant chromosomes; and action of ecdysone on RNA and protein metabolism in the blowfly, Calliphora erythrocephala. Topics include nature of the enzyme induction, ecdysone and RNA metabolism, and nature of the epidermis nuclear RNA fractions isolated by the Georgiev method. The selection is a valuable reference for readers interested in the mechanisms of hormone action.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Mechanisms of Hormone Action: A Nato Advanced Study Institute 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 8
Preface 6
List of Contributors 10
List of Participants 12
PART 1: HORMONE ACTION BY CONTROL OF ENZYME ACTIVITY 14
Chapter 1. Zur Problemstellung und ihrer Entwicklung 14
Allgemeines über Hormonwirkungen (Stoffwechsel, Wachstum) 15
Mögliche Arten der Wirkungsweise von Hormonen 15
Literatur 18
Chapter 2. Hormonwirkung als Enzymaktivierung 19
I. Thyreotropes Hormon 20
II. Adrenocorticotropes Hormon (ACTH) 22
III. Gonadotrope Hormone (FSH/LH/HCG) 23
IV. Adrenalin und Glucagon 26
V. Steroide 29
VI. Thyroxin 37
VII. Insulin 38
Summary 40
Literatur 41
Chapter 3. Les Protéines Allostériques et la Régulation Cellulaire 49
Bibliographie 49
Diskussion 50
PART 2: HORMONE ACTION BY CHANGES IN PERMEABILITY 54
Chapter 4. Die Permeabilität biologischer Membranen 54
Summary 69
Literatur 70
Diskussion 70
Chapter 5. Hormone Action at the Cell Membrane 74
Introduction 74
The Cell Membrane as a Possible Locus for the Hormone Receptor 75
Gaps in our Understanding of the Molecular Organization of the Cell Membrane 76
The Warner hexagonal conformation 79
A possible model of hormone action at the membrane level 89
Conclusion 94
Literature 95
Chapter 6. A New Approach to the Structure of Polypeptides and Proteins in Biological Systems such as the Membranes of Cells 96
Acknowledgement 102
Literature 102
Discussion 102
Chapter 7. Insulin 107
Literature 110
Chapter 8. Insulin and the Regulation of Protein Biosynthesis: Significance for Theories of the Hormones Mechanism of Action 111
Introduction 111
Relation of insulin action on protein synthesis to the action of the hormone on glucose transport 112
Insulin and protein biosynthesis 114
Possible mechanisms for the increase in protein synthesis mediated by insulin 118
Insulin and nucleic acid metabolism 119
Proposal as to the mode of action of insulin in stimulating protein synthesis 125
Acknowledgement 127
Bibliography 127
Diskussion 128
Chapter 9. Adiuretin 134
References 135
Diskussion 135
Chapter 10. The Action of a Neurohypophysial Hormone in an Elasmobranch Fish 142
References 143
Chapter 11. On the Mechanism of Action of the Parathyroid Hormone 144
Literature 150
PART 3: HORMONE ACTION BY GENE REGULATION AND ENZYME INDUCTION 152
Chapter 12. Hormonwirkung durch Genaktivierung 152
Literatur 154
Chapter 13. The Effect of Ecdysone on Gene Activity Patterns in Giant Chromosomes 155
Literature 158
Diskussion 158
Chapter 14. Action of Ecdysone on RNA and Protein Metabolism in the Blowfly, Calliphora erythrocephala 162
Nature of the enzyme induction 168
Ecdysone and RNA metabolism 169
Nature of the epidermis nuclear RNA fractions isolated by the Georgiev method 172
Time sequence of the events 175
References 176
Diskussion 177
Chapter 15. Some Studies on the Mode of Action of Erythropoietin 181
Literature 184
Diskussion 184
Chapter 16. Thyroid Hormones and Regulation of Protein Synthesis 186
Some basic considerations 187
Thyroid hormones and mitochondrial activity 187
Cytoplasmic protein synthesis 189
Nuclear regulation of protein synthesis 190
Integration of cellular actions 193
Developmental action of thyroid hormones 194
Conclusions 196
Literature 197
Chapter 17. Mechanism of Anabolic Action of Androgens 205
Anabolic action 205
Mechanism of action 209
Discussion 221
Summary 223
Literature 223
Diskussion 224
Chapter 18. Ribonucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis in Male Accessory Reproductive Glands and its Control by Testosterone 227
Levels and synthesis of RNA in rat prostate 229
Aminoacyl transfers by prostatic ribosomes 230
Template function of prostatic RNA in a bacterial ribosomal system 231
Remarks 232
Literature 234
Diskussion 234
Chapter 19. The Role of RNA and Protein Synthesis in Estrogen Action 241
References 251
Diskussion 252
Chapter 20. Studies on the Role of Hormonal Enzyme Induction in Glucocorticoid Action 259
Summary and Conclusions 269
Bibliography 270
Chapter 21. Changes in Alkaline Phosphatase and Arginase Activities Induced by Glucocorticoids 271
Results 271
References 275
Diskussion 275
Chapter 22. RNA Synthesis in Response to Steroid Hormones 282
Discussion 283
Literature 284
Diskussion 285

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.10.2013
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Physiologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Humanbiologie
• ISBN-10: 1-4832-6762-8 / 1483267628
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4832-6762-3 / 9781483267623