Acute and Critical Care Nursing at a Glance (eBook)

Helen Dutton, Jacqui Finch (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: EPUB

2018
John Wiley & Sons (Verlag)
978-1-118-81516-8 (ISBN)

Infos

From the publishers of the market-leading at a Glance series comes a comprehensive yet accessible overview of all the fundamental elements of acute and critical care nursing.

Acute and Critical Care Nursing at a Glance provides an introduction to the key knowledge and skills for patient assessment and problem identification, as well as how to plan, implement and evaluate care management strategies.  It also explores clinical decision-making processes and their impact on care delivery, as well as key psychosocial issues, pain management, and safe transfer.  All information is presented in a clear, double-page spread with key information accompanied by tables, illustrations, photographs and diagrams.

Key features:

• Superbly illustrated, with full colour illustrations throughout
• An accessible, evidence-based, introduction to a complex topic
• Presents information structured according to the Resuscitation Council's systematic ABCDE framework for ease of understanding
• Accompanied by patient case studies to help apply theory to practice

Acute and Critical Care Nursing at a Glance is ideal for nursing students, healthcare assistants, and registered nurses working within the acute and critical care setting.

Jacqui Finch is a Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at the University of West London, UK

Helen Dutton is a Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at the University of West London, UK

Inhalt

Contributors vii

Acknowledgements viii

Preface ix

Abbreviations x

About the companion website xii

Part 1 Nursing in acute and critical care 1

1 Critical care without walls 2

2 Recognising risk of deterioration: ABCDE assessment 4

3 Early warning tools and care escalation 6

4 Hospital-acquired infection: infection prevention and control 8

5 Pain management 10

6 Psychosocial issues 12

7 Safe transfer of the acutely unwell patient 14

Part 2 Airway: maintaining airway patency 17

8 Upper airway: assessment and management 18

9 Advanced airway management 20

10 Airway management: tracheostomy 22

Part 3 Breathing: patients with breathing problems 25

11 Respiratory physiology: oxygenation 26

12 Respiratory physiology: ventilation 28

13 Assessment of breathing 30

14 Respiratory investigations 32

15 Oxygen therapy 34

16 Respiratory failure 36

17 Breathing problems: obstructive disorders 38

18 Breathing problems: lung (parenchymal) disorders 40

19 Breathing problems: pleural disorders 42

20 Respiratory support: non-invasive ventilation 44

21 Principles of thoracic surgery 46

Part 4 Circulation: patients with circulatory problems 49

22 Circulatory physiology 1: circulation 50

23 Circulatory physiology 2: the heart and cardiac cycle 52

24 Circulatory physiology 3: control of circulation 54

25 Assessment of circulation 56

26 Cardiac investigations 58

27 Fluid, electrolytes and intravenous fluids 60

28 Haemodynamic monitoring 62

29 Acute chest pain 64

30 The 12-lead electrocardiogram 66

31 Altered heart rhythm 68

32 Physiology of the immune system 70

33 Acute circulatory failure 1: distributive (sepsis) 72

34 Acute circulatory failure 2: distributive (anaphylaxis and neurogenic) 74

35 Acute circulatory failure 3: hypovolaemia 76

36 Acute circulatory failure 4: obstructive 78

37 Acute circulatory failure 5: heart failure 80

38 Principles of cardiac surgery 82

39 Physiology of the gastrointestinal system 84

40 Acute medical and surgical gastrointestinal problems 86

41 Physiology of the renal system 88

42 Acute kidney injury 90

43 Burns: immediate care 92

44 Major trauma 94

45 Resuscitation 96

Part 5 Disability: patients with neurological impairment 99

46 Physiology of the brain 100

47 Neurological assessment 102

48 Neurological impairment 104

49 Drug overdose and poisoning 106

50 Acute endocrine problems 108

Part 6 Exposure 111

51 Skin integrity 112

52 Nutritional assessment and support 114

Part 7 Decision making in acute and critical care 117

53 Summary of decision making 118

54 Professional, legal and ethical considerations 120

55 Mental health concerns 122

56 Last days of life 124

Appendix 126

References and further reading 127

Glossary 136

Index 148

Textauszug

Abbreviations

A

Aorta

ABCDE

Airway, breathing, circulation, disability circulation

ABG

Arterial blood gas

ACEI

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors

ACP

Advance care plan

ACS

Acute coronary syndrome

ACTH

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

ADH

Antidiuretic hormone

AECOPD

Acute exacerbations of COPD

AF

Atrial fibrillation

AKI

Acute kidney injury

ALS

Adult advanced life support

AMI

Acute myocardial infarction

AMPLE

Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last ate and drank, Events leading (to injury)

AMTS

Abbreviated Mental Test Score

ANNT

Aseptic non-touch technique

ANS

Autonomic nervous system

ARB

Angiotensin receptor blockers

ARDS

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

ATOMFC

Airway, tension pneumothorax, open pneumothorax, massive haemothorax, flail chest, cardiac tamponade

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate

AV

Atrioventricular

AVN

Atrioventricular node

AVPU

Alert, voice, pain, unresponsive

BBB

Blood–brain barrier

BiPAP

Bi-level positive airways pressure

BMI

Body mass index

BMR

Basal metabolic rate

BNP

B-type natriuretic peptide

BP

Blood pressure

CA

Cardiac arrest

Ca+

Calcium ion

CABG

Coronary artery bypass grafting

CAM ICU

Confusion assessment method: Intensive care unit

CAP

Community-acquired pneumonia

CCF

Congestive cardiac failure

CCOT

Critical care outreach team

CHF

Chronic heart failure

CO

Cardiac output

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

CPAP

Continuous positive airways pressure

CPB

Cardiopulmonary bypass

CPR

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

CQC

Care Quality Commission

CRBSI

Catheter-related blood stream infection

CRF

Chronic respiratory failure

CRP

C-reactive protein

CRT

Capillary refill time

CSF

Cerebrospinal fluid

CT

Computed tomography

CTPA

Computerised tomographic pulmonary angiography

CURB 65

Confusion, urea, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure (age ≥65)

CVA

Cerebrovascular accident

CVC

Central venous catheter/cardiovascular centre

CVP

Central venous pressure

CXR

Chest X-ray

DDAVP

1- deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin

DI

Diabetes insipidus

DINAMAP

Direct non-invasive automated mean arterial blood pressure measurement

DKA

Diabetic ketoacidosis

DNAR

Do not attempt to resuscitate

DVT

Deep vein thrombosis

ECG

Electrocardiogram

EPAP

End positive airways pressure

ERCP

Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatogram

ERV

Expiratory reserve volume

ETT

Endotracheal tube

EWS

Early warning systems

FBAO

Foreign body airway obstruction

FEV1

Forced expiratory volume in one second

FRC

Functional residual capacity

FVC

Forced vital capacity

GABA

Gabba amino butyric acid

GAD-7

Generalised anxiety disorder assessment

GCS

Glasgow Coma Scale

GFR

Glomerular filtration rate

GI

Gastrointestinal

GTN

Glyceryl trinitrate

H+

Hydrogen ions

HADS

Hospital anxiety and depression scale

HAP

Hospital-acquired pneumonia

HCO3-

Bicarbonate ion

HCAI

Healthcare-associated infection

HDU

High dependency unit

HF

Heart failure

HFNC

High flow nasal cannula

HFPEF

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

HHS

Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar syndrome

HME

Heat and moisture exchanger

HR

Heart rate

I:E ratio

The ratio of inspiration to expiration

ICD

Implantable cardioverter

ICP

Intracranial pressure

ICU

Intensive care unit

IPAP

Inspiratory positive airways pressure

IV

Intravenous

JVD

Jugular venous distension

JVP

Jugular venous pressure

K+

Potassium ion

LMA

Laryngeal mask airway

LMWH

Low molecular weight heparin

LOC

Level of consciousness

LPA

Lasting power of attorney

LV

Left ventricle

LVF

Left ventricular failure

LVSD

Left ventricular systolic dysfunction

mAChR

Muscarinic receptors

MAP

Mean arterial pressure

Mg++

Magnesium ion

MgSO4

Magnesium sulphate

MI

Myocardial infarction

MILS

Manual in-line stabilisation

MODS

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

MRI

Magnetic resonance imaging

MUST

Malnutrition universal screening tool

Na+

Sodium ion

NATMIST

Name, age, time of injury, mechanism of injury, injuries sustained, signs and symptoms, treatments given

NC

Nasal cannula

NEWS

National Early Warning Score

NICE

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

NIV

Non-invasive ventilation

NSTEMI

Non-ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction

NPA

Nasopharyngeal airway

NSAID

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

OPA

Oropharyngeal airway

PA

Pulmonary artery

PAO2

The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli

PAINAD

Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia

PaO2

The partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood

PCA

Patient-controlled analgesia

PCI

Percutaneous coronary intervention

PCT

Proximal convoluted tubule

PE

Pulmonary embolism

PEEP

Positive end expired pressure

PEF

Peak expiratory flow

PEFR

Peak expiratory flow rate

PNS

Parasympathetic nervous system

PPCI

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention

PPE

Personal protective equipment

PS

Pressure support

PSP

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax

qSOFA

Quick Sequential (Sepsis Related) Organ Failure Assessment

RA

Right atrium

RAAS

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

REM

Rapid eye movement

ROSC

Return of spontaneous circulation

RR

Respiratory rate

RV

Residual volume/Right ventricle

SAN

Sinoatrial node

SAH

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

SBAR

Situation, background, assessment, recommendation

SBP

Systolic blood pressure

SIADH

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH

SNS

Sympathetic nervous system

SOCRATES

Site, onset, character, radiation, associated symptoms, time course, exacerbating and relieving factors, severity

SP

Secondary pneumothorax

SpO2

Oxygen saturation of peripheral capillary blood

SSP

Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax

SSRI

Selective Serotonin re-uptake inhibitor

STEMI

ST elevation myocardial infarction

Sup.VC

Superior vena cava

SV

Stroke volume

SVR

Systemic vascular resistance

SVT

Supraventricular...

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 15.2.2018
• Reihe/Serie: At a Glance (Nursing and Healthcare)
• Reihe/Serie: Wiley Series on Cognitive Dynamic Systems
• Reihe/Serie: Wiley Series on Cognitive Dynamic Systems
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Pflege ► Fachpflege ► Anästhesie / Intensivmedizin
• Schlagworte: ABCDE • Acute • Acute, Critical & Emergency Care • Assessment • Care • Critical • Decision-Making • General Clinical Nursing • Intensiv- u. Notfallpflege • Klinische Krankenpflege • Krankenpflege • Management • nursing • Pain • Psychosocial • Resuscitation • Transfer
• ISBN-10: 1-118-81516-5 / 1118815165
• ISBN-13: 978-1-118-81516-8 / 9781118815168