Embryology at a Glance (eBook)

Samuel Webster, Rhiannon De Wreede (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2016 | 2. Auflage
John Wiley & Sons (Verlag)
978-1-118-91079-5 (ISBN)

Infos

Highly Commended in Obstetrics and gynaecology in the 2017 BMA Medical Book Awards
Embryology at a Glance is a highly illustrated and innovative introduction to key embryological concepts, with concise, memorable descriptions of major embryological developments. This new edition covers the basic principles of human development, from mitosis and meiosis, before exploring the primary formation of each body system, including the development of the musculoskeletal, circulatory, digestive, reproductive, and nervous systems during the foetal and neonatal periods. 

Key features include:

• New chapters on cell signalling genes, stem cells, and antenatal screening for common congenital and genetic defects
• Full colour photographs and illustrations
• Links to clinical practice highlighted throughout
• Timelines of each developmental stage
• MCQs and EMQs for revision and review
• A companion website at www.ataglanceseries.com/embryology featuring 15 brand new animations, and podcasts to help clearly explain the processes that occur during development. An additional instructor resource contains an image bank of all the figures from the book to aid teaching this fascinating area

Embryology at a Glance provides the perfect alternative to the overwhelming detail seen in conventional embryology texts. It provides just the right level of detail on embryology and congenital abnormalities for all medical students and health professionals to develop a thorough understanding of human development and its implications for clinical practice.

Samuel Webster, Lecturer in Anatomy & Embryology, College of Medicine, Swansea University, UK
Rhiannon de Wreede, Honorary Lecturer, College of Medicine, Swansea University, UK

Inhalt

Title Page 5
Copyright Page 6
Contents 7
Preface 9
Acknowledgements 10
List of abbreviations 11
Timeline 12
About the companion website 13
Part 1 Early development 15
Chapter 1 Embryology in medicine 16
What is embryology? 16
Aims and format 16
Why study embryology? 17
Embryology in modern medicine 17
Why read this book? 17
Chapter 2 Language of embryology 18
Introduction 18
Cranial–caudal 19
Dorsal–ventral 19
Medial–lateral 19
Proximal–distal 19
Sections 19
Chapter 3 Introduction to development 20
Development 20
Growth 20
Differentiation 21
Signalling 21
Organisation 21
Morphogenesis 21
Clinical relevance 21
Chapter 4 Cell signalling genes 22
Early signalling 22
Signalling mechanisms 22
Wnt 23
Notch 23
Hedgehogs 23
FGFs 23
TGF-? 23
Chapter 5 Embryonic and foetal periods 24
Embryonic period 25
Foetal period 25
Trimesters 25
Clinical and embryological timings 25
Clinical relevance 25
Chapter 6 Mitosis 26
Cell division 27
Mitosis 27
Clinical relevance 27
Chapter 7 Meiosis 28
Diversity 29
Human chromosomes 29
Meiosis I 29
Homologous recombination 29
Meiosis II 29
Clinical relevance 29
Chapter 8 Spermatogenesis 30
Meiosis continued 30
Aims of spermatogenesis 30
Anatomy 30
Spermatocytogenesis 31
Spermiogenesis 31
Spermatozoa 31
Clinical relevance 31
Chapter 9 Oogenesis 32
Overview 33
Ovaries 33
Meiosis I 33
Puberty 33
Ovulation 33
Polar bodies 33
Meiosis II 33
Post-ovulation 33
Clinical relevance 33
Chapter 10 Fertilisation 34
Fertilisation 34
Capacitation 34
Ovulation 34
Acrosome reaction 35
Cortical reaction 35
Meiosis II 35
Zygote 35
Mitosis and DNA 35
Chromosomes 35
Embryological and clinical timings 35
Clinical relevance 35
Chapter 11 From zygote to blastocyst 36
Zygote 36
Cleavage 36
Morula 37
Blastocyst 37
Implantation 37
Twins 37
Clinical relevance 37
Chapter 12 Implantation 38
Introduction 39
Implantation 39
The menstrual cycle (uterus) 39
Decidualization 39
The menstrual cycle (hormones) 39
Proliferative (follicular) phase 39
Secretory (luteal) phase 39
Implantation mechanism 39
Bilaminar germ disc 39
Clinical relevance 39
Chapter 13 Placenta 40
Introduction 40
Trophoblast 40
Structure 41
Function 41
Changes to the placenta 41
Clinical relevance 41
Chapter 14 Gastrulation 42
Trilaminar disc 42
Primitive streak 42
Signalling 43
Clinical relevance 43
Chapter 15 Germ layers 44
Trilaminar disc 44
Ectoderm 44
Mesoderm 44
Endoderm 45
Germ cells 45
Clinical relevance 45
Chapter 16 Stem cells 46
Differentiation 47
Adult stem cells 47
Medical applications and ethical considerations 47
Chapter 17 Neurulation 48
Introduction 48
Notochord 48
Neural plate 48
Neural tube 49
Neural crest cells 49
Development of the central nervous system 49
Clinical relevance 49
Chapter 18 Neural crest cells 50
Neural crest cells 50
Migration and differentiation 50
Destinations 50
Clinical relevance 51
Chapter 19 Body cavities (embryonic) 52
Body cavities 52
Diaphragm 53
Clinical relevance 53
Chapter 20 Folding of the embryo 54
Flat sheet 54
Longitudinal folding 54
Lateral folding 55
Tube within a tube 55
Clinical relevance 55
Chapter 21 Segmentation 56
Introduction 56
Pair rule genes 56
Hox genes 57
Hox proteins 57
Segmentation clock 57
Vertebrates 57
Clinical relevance 57
Chapter 22 Somites 58
Mesoderm 59
The somite 59
Sclerotome 59
Myotome 59
Dermotome 59
Skin 59
Innervation 59
Dermatomes 59
Clinical relevance 59
Part 2 Systems development 61
Chapter 23 Skeletal system (ossification) 62
Introduction 62
Endochondral ossification 62
Intramembranous ossification 63
Joint formation 63
Clinical relevance 63
Chapter 24 Skeletal system 64
Introduction 65
Cranium 65
Vertebrae 65
Axial bones 65
Appendicular bones 65
Clinical relevance 65
Chapter 25 Muscular system 66
Introduction 67
Skeletal muscle 67
Limbs 67
Head 67
Smooth muscle 67
Cardiac muscle 67
Clinical relevance 67
Chapter 26 Musculoskeletal system: limbs 68
Introduction 68
Limb buds 68
Distal growth 69
Organisation 69
Digits 69
Dermatomes and myotomes 69
Clinical relevance 69
Chapter 27 Circulatory system: heart tube 70
Formation of the heart tube 70
Looping and folding of the heart tube 71
Sinus venosus (right atrium) 71
Clinical relevance 71
Chapter 28 Circulatory system: heart chambers 72
Dividing the heart into chambers 72
Atria 72
Ventricles 73
Valves 73
Neural crest cells 73
Clinical relevance 73
Chapter 29 Circulatory system: blood vessels 74
Vasculogenesis 74
Angiogenesis 74
Primitive circulation 74
Aortic arches 74
Ductus arteriosus 75
Coronary arteries 75
Clinical relevance 75
Chapter 30 Circulatory system: embryonic veins 76
Vitelline vessels 76
Umbilical vessels 76
Cardinal veins 77
Clinical relevance 77
Chapter 31 Circulation system: changes at birth 78
Foetal blood circulation 79
Ductus venosus 79
Ductus arteriosus 79
Foramen ovale 79
Clinical relevance 79
Chapter 32 Respiratory system 80
Introduction 80
Lung bud 80
Respiratory tree 81
Alveoli 81
Circulation 81
Clinical relevance 81
Chapter 33 Digestive system: gastrointestinal tract 82
Induction of the tube 83
Divisions of the gut tube 83
Blood supply 83
Lower foregut 83
Twists of the midgut 83
Story of the hindgut and the cloaca 83
Mesenteries 83
Chapter 34 Digestive system: associated organs 84
Introduction 84
Lung bud 84
Spleen 84
Liver and gallbladder 85
Pancreas 85
Chapter 35 Digestive system: congenital anomalies 86
Facial abnormalities 87
Foregut abnormalities 87
Midgut abnormalities 87
Hindgut abnormalities 87
Associated organs 87
Chapter 36 Urinary system 88
Introduction 88
Kidneys 88
Mesonephros 89
Metanephros 89
Blood supply 89
Bladder and urethra 89
Clinical relevance 89
Chapter 37 Reproductive system: ducts and genitalia 90
Introduction 91
Ducts 91
External genitalia 91
Sex determination 91
Clinical relevance 91
Chapter 38 Reproductive system: gonads 92
Introduction 92
Gonads 92
Blood supply 93
Clinical relevance 93
Chapter 39 Endocrine system 94
Introduction 95
Pituitary gland 95
Hypothalamus 95
Pineal body 95
Adrenal glands 95
Thyroid gland 95
Parathyroid glands 95
Clinical relevance 95
Chapter 40 Head and neck: arch I 96
Introduction 97
Arch I 97
Cleft I 97
Pouch I 97
Clinical relevance 97
Chapter 41 Head and neck: arch II 98
Introduction 99
Arch II 99
Cleft II 99
Pouch II 99
Clinical relevance 99
Chapter 42 Head and neck: arch III 100
Introduction 101
Arch III 101
Cleft III 101
Pouch III 101
Clinical relevance 101
Chapter 43 Head and neck: arches IV–VI 102
Introduction 102
Cleft IV 103
Pouch IV 103
Clinical relevance 103
Chapter 44 Central nervous system 104
Introduction 105
Spinal cord 105
Brain 105
Neural crest cells 105
Meninges 105
Clinical relevance 105
Chapter 45 Peripheral nervous system 106
Introduction 107
Spinal nerves 107
Dermatomes 107
Autonomic nervous system 107
Cranial nerves 107
Chapter 46 The ear 108
Internal ear 108
Membranous labyrinth 108
Bony labyrinth 109
Middle ear 109
External ear 109
Clinical relevance 109
Chapter 47 The eye 110
Introduction 111
Optic cup and lens 111
Retina 111
Optic nerve 111
Meninges 111
Cornea 111
Extraocular muscles 111
Clinical relevance 111
Chapter 48 Antenatal screening 112
Introduction 113
The first scan 113
High-risk pregnancy 113
The second scan 113
Self-assessment MCQs 114
Self-assessment MCQ answers 118
Self-assessment EMQs 119
Self-assessment EMQ answers 121
Glossary of medical conditions and terms 122
Index 126
EULA 129

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.3.2016
• Reihe/Serie: At a Glance
• Reihe/Serie: At a Glance
• Reihe/Serie: At a Glance
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Gynäkologie / Geburtshilfe
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Histologie / Embryologie
• Schlagworte: Blastocyst • Body cavities • Cell signalling genes • Development • Embryo • Embryologie • Embryology • Embryonic • Fertilisation • foetal • Folding • Gastrulation • Geburtshilfe • Germ layers • Implantation • <p>Embryology • medical education • Medical Science • Medizin • Medizinstudium • Meiosis • mitosis • neonatal</p> • Neural crest cells • Neurulation • Obstetrics • Oogenesis • placenta • Segmentation • somites • Spermatogenesis • Stem Cells • Zygote
• ISBN-10: 1-118-91079-6 / 1118910796
• ISBN-13: 978-1-118-91079-5 / 9781118910795