Introductory Linguistics for Speech and Language Therapy Practice (eBook)

Jan McAllister, James E. Miller (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2013
John Wiley & Sons (Verlag)
9781118571958 (ISBN)

Infos

This practical introduction to linguistics is a must-have resource for all speech and language therapy students, providing you with the fundamental theory needed as a foundation for practice.

Written by authors with extensive experience in both research and teaching, Introductory Linguistics for Speech and Language Practice equips you with a practical understanding of relevant linguistic concepts in the key language areas of morphology, syntax, semantics, discourse and pragmatics. Each chapter opens by explaining why the information is of relevance to the speech language therapist, and this integrated approach is emphasised via reference to relevant clinical resources. Exercises throughout each chapter also allow you to test your understanding of key principles and apply this knowledge to other areas of your study.

This concise, readable guide is a core text for all undergraduate and postgraduate students of speech and language therapy, and is also ideal for qualified therapists wanting to enrich their understanding of the linguistic assessments they use in practice.

Jan McAllister, Senior Lecturer, University of East Anglia, UK

Jim Miller, Emeritus Professor, University of Edinburgh, UK

Inhalt

Introductory Linguistics for Speech and Language Therapy Practice 3
Contents 5
1 Introduction 11
1.0 Why do speech and language therapy students need to study linguistics? 11
1.1 Why do speech and language therapy students need this book? 12
1.2 Aims of this book, and what this book will not aim to do 13
1.3 Some preliminaries 14
1.3.1 Levels of description in language 15
1.4 How this book is organised 18
1.5 Exercises 19
Exercises using clinical assessments 19
Further reading 19
2 Words and Non-words 20
2.0 Introduction 20
2.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 21
2.2 Learning objectives 22
2.3 Words, word-forms and lexemes 22
2.4 Testing word processing and related abilities 24
2.5 Principles of selection of items in clinical resources 25
2.6 Words and non-words 32
Chapter summary 33
Exercises using clinical resources 34
Further reading 34
3 Word Meaning 35
3.0 Introduction 35
3.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 36
3.2 Learning objectives 36
3.3 Reference and sense 37
3.4 Lexical semantics 38
3.4.1 Lexemes, categories and concepts 38
3.4.2 Decomposition of word meaning 39
3.4.3 Basic concepts 41
3.4.4 Semantic fields 42
3.4.5 Sense relations 44
3.4.6 Lexical ambiguity 47
Chapter summary 48
Exercises using clinical resources 49
Further reading 50
4 Sentence Meaning 51
4.0 Introduction 51
4.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 51
4.2 Learning objectives 52
4.3 Sentence-level meaning 52
4.3.1 Semantic roles 54
4.3.2 Reversibility 57
4.3.3 Contradiction 59
4.3.4 Syntactic ambiguity 60
Chapter summary 61
Exercises using clinical resources 61
Further reading 62
5 Parts of Speech 63
5.0 Introduction 63
5.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 64
5.2 Learning objectives 64
5.3 Identifying parts of speech 65
5.3.1 Content words and function words 65
5.3.2 Why is it sometimes difficult to identify parts of speech in English? 65
5.3.3 Traditional, meaning-based criteria 67
5.3.4 Form-based criteria 67
5.3.5 Tests for parts of speech 71
Chapter summary 93
Exercises using clinical resources 93
Further reading 94
6 Word Structure 95
6.0 Introduction 95
6.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 96
6.2 Learning objectives 96
6.3 Words and morphemes 97
6.4 Free and bound forms 99
6.5 Allomorphs 100
6.6 Common mechanisms of word formation in English 102
6.6.1 Compounding 102
6.6.2 Affixation 104
6.7 Mean length of utterance in morphemes 114
Chapter summary 114
Exercises using clinical resources 115
Further reading 116
7 Sentence Structure 1: Phrases and Clauses 117
7.0 Introduction 117
7.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 118
7.2 Learning objectives 119
7.3 Syntax, morphology and the lexicon 119
7.4 Phrases 120
7.4.1 Criteria for phrases 121
7.4.2 Types of phrases 122
7.4.3 Heads, modifiers and phrase types 123
7.4.4 Phrases: noun phrases 124
7.4.5 Phrases: prepositional phrases 125
7.4.6 Phrases: adjective phrases 126
7.4.7 Phrases: adverb phrases 126
7.4.8 Phrases: verb phrases 127
7.5 Clauses 128
7.5.1 Elements of the clause 129
7.5.2 Elements of the clause: verb 131
7.5.3 Elements of the clause: subject 131
7.5.4 Elements of the clause: object 133
7.5.5 Elements of the clause: complement 137
7.5.6 Elements of the clause: adverbial 139
7.5.7 Phrases and grammatical functions 141
7.5.8 Notation for clauses 141
Chapter summary 143
Exercises using clinical resources 143
Further reading 144
8 Sentence Structure 2: Constructions and Main Clauses 145
8.0 Introduction 145
8.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 146
8.2 Learning objectives 147
8.3 Declarative, interrogative and imperative clauses 147
8.3.1 Basic constructions: declarative clauses 148
8.3.2 Imperative clauses 149
8.3.3 Interrogative clauses: yes–no interrogatives 150
8.3.4 Interrogative clauses: wh interrogatives 151
8.3.5 Interrogative clauses: tag questions 151
8.4 The active, passive and middle constructions 153
8.4.1 Active clauses/constructions 153
8.4.2 Passive clauses/constructions 154
8.4.3 Middle clauses/constructions 155
8.5 Negation 157
Chapter summary 161
Exercises using clinical resources 162
Further reading 162
9 Sentence Structure 3: Subordinate Clauses and Sentences 163
9.0 Introduction 163
9.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 163
9.2 Learning objectives 164
9.3 Main and subordinate clauses 164
9.4 Recognising different types of subordinate clause 165
9.4.1 Relative clauses 165
9.4.2 Adverbial clauses 166
9.4.3 Complement clauses 167
9.5 Clauses that modify nouns 169
9.6 Optional extra on relative clauses 171
9.7 Sentences 175
Chapter summary 176
Exercises using clinical resources 178
Further reading 178
10 Sentence Structure 4: Non-finite Clauses 179
10.0 Introduction 179
10.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 180
10.2 Learning outcomes 180
10.3 Infinitives and (Type 1) gerunds 180
10.3.1 Understood subject and control 182
10.4 Type 2 gerunds 183
10.5 Bare-verb clauses 185
10.6 Free participle clauses 185
10.7 Reduced clauses 186
Chapter summary 189
Exercises using clinical resources 190
Further reading 190
11 Language in Use 1: Deixis and Reference 191
11.0 Introduction 191
11.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 191
11.2 Learning objectives 192
11.3 Reference and deixis 192
11.3.1 Deixis: introduction 193
11.3.2 Deixis: personal pronouns 194
11.3.3 Deixis: demonstratives 196
11.3.4 Deixis: spatial expressions 198
11.3.5 Deixis: verbs of movement 199
11.3.6 Deixis: temporal expressions 201
11.3.7 Deixis: tense 203
11.3.8 Deixis: extended uses 204
11.4 Reference 207
Chapter summary 212
Exercises using clinical resources 212
Further reading 213
12 Language in Use 2: Frames and Scripts, Metaphor and Irony, Implicature, Explicature 214
12.0 Introduction 214
12.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 215
12.2 Learning outcomes 216
12.3 Frames and scripts 216
12.4 Metaphor, irony, humour 219
12.5 Implicature 221
12.6 Explicature 226
12.7 Presupposition 229
Chapter summary 231
Exercises using clinical resources 232
Further reading 232
13 Language in Use 3: Speech Acts, Conversation 233
13.0 Introduction 233
13.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 234
13.2 Learning objectives 234
13.3 Frames, scripts and norms 234
13.4 Speech acts 236
13.5 Conversation: scripts and routines 243
13.5.1 Turn taking 243
13.5.2 Adjacency pairs 244
13.5.3 Expansions 245
13.5.4 Preference organisation 246
13.5.5 Opening a conversation 247
13.5.6 Politeness 248
13.5.7 Topic management 248
13.5.8 Repair 251
13.6 Paralinguistic signals 254
Chapter summary 256
Exercises using clinical resources 256
Further reading 257
14 Narrative 1: Introduction – Coherence and Cohesion 258
14.0 Introduction 258
14.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 259
14.2 Learning objectives 259
14.3 Tasks for speakers and writers 260
14.4 Concepts for analysing narrative 260
14.5 Spoken text 262
14.6 Coherence and cohesion 264
14.6.1 Coherence 264
14.6.2 Cohesion 265
Chapter summary 269
Exercises using clinical resources 270
Further reading 270
15 Narrative 2: Given and New, Theme, Focus 271
15.0 Introduction 271
15.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 271
15.2 Learning objectives 272
15.3 Given and new information 272
15.4 Theme 274
15.5 Focus 280
15.5.1 Focus: tonic accent 280
15.5.2 Focus: IT clefts 282
15.5.3 Focus: WH clefts 284
15.5.4 Focus: TH clefts 285
15.6 Conclusion 286
Chapter summary 287
Exercises using clinical resources 288
Further reading 288
16 Narrative 3: Syntax and the Organisation of Text 289
16.0 Introduction 289
16.1 Why do SLTs need this knowledge? 289
16.2 Learning objectives 290
16.3 Tense and aspect in narrative 290
16.3.1 Tense and aspect: reminder of the main points 290
16.3.2 Simple Past versus Progressive in narrative 291
16.3.3 Perfect 291
16.3.4 Tense and aspect: problems of usage 292
16.4 Analysing clinical test narratives 293
16.4.1 The runaway tractor story 293
16.4.2 The safari park story 296
16.4.3 The sports day story 296
16.4.4 The squirrel story 297
16.5 Some loose ends 298
16.5.1 End weight 298
16.5.2 End weight: extraposition 298
16.5.3 Passives in narrative text 300
16.5.4 Non-finite clauses 302
Chapter summary 304
Exercises using clinical resources 304
17 Conclusion 307
Appendix A: Islands of Reliability for Determining Parts of Speech 309
Appendix B: SLT Resources Referenced in This Text 312
Answers to Exercises 316
Annotated Bibliography 353
Index 355

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 19.4.2013
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Gesundheitsfachberufe ► Logopädie
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete
• Themenwelt: Studium ► Querschnittsbereiche ► Prävention / Gesundheitsförderung
• Schlagworte: Authors • Concepts • equips • Experience • extensive • Foundation • fundamental • Gesundheits- u. Sozialwesen • Health & Social Care • introductory • Linguistic • Linguistics • musthave • needed • Practical • Practical introduction • Practice • Research • resource • Speech therapy • Sprachtherapie • Sprachwissenschaften • theory • therapy • Understanding
• ISBN-13: 9781118571958 / 9781118571958