Dendritic Cells in Clinics (eBook)

Morikazu Onji, Sk. Md. Fazle Akbar (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2008 | 2. Auflage
XIV, 194 Seiten
Springer-Verlag
9784431794660 (ISBN)

Infos

Great advances have taken place in basic research and the clinical usefulness of dendritic cells (DCs). It has now been clearly established, for instance, that these cells play a crucial role in immune responses against infectious diseases and cancers. Antigen-presenting DCs are widely distributed in the body and regulate both immunity and immune tolerance. Experimental studies have provided important insights into DCs and how they can be used for treating animal models of various diseases that occur in humans. The role of these cells in pathogenesis and the treatment of human diseases is elaborately set forth in this valuable book. Researchers in the field are optimistic that DCs, already in use for treating patients with cancers, soon can be used therapeutically for patients with chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, and allergic manifestations. This volume provides a working definition of DCs and also explains the phenotypes and functions of DCs so that these can be readily understood not only by clinicians but by immunologists, researchers, and students as well.

Inhalt

Foreword 6
Preface 7
Contents 9
History of Dendritic Cells 12
From Discovery to Clinical Applications 12
General Features of Dendritic Cells 16
Dendritic Cells in Clinical Medicine 16
Outline of DCs 19
Definition of DCs 22
Origin and Development of DCs 26
Detection of DC-Like Cells in the Intrauterine Life of Mouse and Man 28
Origin of DCs 28
Regulation of DC Development 31
Dendritic Cells in Different Organs and Tissues 35
DCs in Lymphoid Organs 35
DC in the Nonlymphoid Tissues 38
Clinical Implications of Phenotypes and Subsets of DCs 42
Function of Dendritic Cells 42
DCs in Innate Immunity 42
DC in Adaptive Immunity 43
Antigen Presentation and T-Cell Activation 47
Clinical Implications of DC Functions 47
Concluding Remarks: Implications of This Chapter in the Clinic 48
Recommended Readings 50
Interactions Between Dendritic Cells and Infectious Agents 51
Outline of Dendritic Cell in Microbial Infection 51
Consequences of Interactions Between DC and Virus 59
Interactions Between Dendritic Cells and Bacteria 77
Recommended Readings 81
Dendritic Cells and Allergy 82
Nature of Immune Responses and Allergic Diseases 82
Pathogenesis of Allergic Reactions 83
Dendritic Cells in Allergy 84
Allergen-Speci.c Immune Responses and Memory Lymphocyte Formation by DCs 85
Th2 Polarization Capacities of Both Myeloid and Plasmacytoid DCs 87
Dendritic Cells and Drug Allergy 88
Dendritic Cells in Animal Models of Allergy 89
Removal of Airway DCs from Sensitized Mice Eliminates Asthmatic Features Induced by Antigen Aerosol 89
Dendritic Cells in Human Allergy 90
Allergic Asthma 91
Atopic Dermatitis (AD) 92
Allergic Rhinitis 93
Treatment of Allergic Conditions by DCs 93
Recommended Readings 95
Dendritic Cells and Autoimmunity 96
General Consideration of Autoimmunity 96
Dendritic Cells in Autoimmunity 97
Goal of DC Research in Autoimmune Diseases 100
DCs in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases 101
Putative Role of DCs in Induction of Autoimmunity 104
DCs at the Tissues in Autoimmune Conditions 104
Peripheral Blood DCs in Autoimmune Diseases 106
IFN- 107
and Plasmacytoid DCs in Autoimmune Diseases 107
DC-Based Therapy for Autoimmunity 107
DC-Based Therapy in Animal Models of Human Autoimmune Diseases 108
Possible Use of DCs for Treatment of Human Autoimmune Diseases 110
Concluding Remarks 112
Recommended Readings 112
Dendritic Cells in Tumor Immunology 113
Basic Principles of Tumor Development 113
Dendritic Cells and Tumor Immunity 115
Localization and Characterization of DCs in Tumors 129
Immune Therapy of Tumors Using Dendritic Cells 134
DC-Based Therapy for Human Tumors 136
Recommended Readings 147
Dendritic Cells in Transplantation 149
Present Status of Organ Transplantation 149
Acute and Chronic Rejection 154
Roles of DCs in Minimizing Rejection of Transplants: Guidelines of DC- Based Therapy for Survival of Allografts 155
Controlling DC Functions as a Therapeutic Approach 156
Concluding Remarks 160
Recommended Readings 161
Dendritic Cell-based Immune Therapy: 162
Concept, Design, Present Limitations, and Future Projections 162
Dendritic Cell (DC)-Based Therapy as Immune Therapy in Clinical Medicine 162
Types of Immunity and Their Putative Roles in Host Defense 163
Nonantigen-Speci.c Immune Therapy in Clinical Medicine 165
Antigen-Speci.c Immune Therapy for Treatment of Patients with Different Pathological Conditions 166
Strategy of Antigen-Speci.c Immune Therapy 166
Limitations of Immune Therapy by Vaccines or Antigens in Patients with Cancer and Chronic Viral Infections and the Concept of DC- Based Immune Therapy 167
Immunomodulatory and Therapeutic Ef.cacy of Antigen-Pulsed DCs in Animal Models of Cancer and Chronic Viral Infection 168
Limited Therapeutic Ef.cacy of Antigen-Pulsed DCs in Patients with Cancer 169
Different Immunomodulatory and Therapeutic Ef.cacy of Antigen- Pulsed DCs in Animal Models of Human Diseases and Patients with Cancer 169
Points of Attention for Production of Immunogenic Antigen-Pulsed DCs to Have Better Immunomodulatory Capacities in Humans 171
Why There Is Concern If Antigen-Pulsed DCs with Different Levels of Maturation and Activation Are Present Among Bulk Populations of Antigen- Pulsed DCs 172
Is There a Need to Check Chemokines on Antigen-Pulsed DCs? 172
The Ratio of Mature DCs in Bulk Populations of DCs: Is It Important? 172
Checking of DCs for Their Capacity to Process and Present Antigens 173
Choosing Antigens for Pulsing DCs 174
Assessment of Immunogenicity of Antigen-Pulsed DCs 174
Role of Innate Immunity During Induction of Antigen-Speci.c Adaptive Immunity 174
pg/ ml 175
Concluding Remarks 176
Recommended Readings 176
Authors 178
Bibliography 180
Glossary 186
Subject Index 194

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 16.10.2008
• Zusatzinfo: XIV, 194 p. 23 illus., 9 illus. in color.
• Verlagsort: Tokyo
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Innere Medizin
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Biochemie / Molekularbiologie
• Themenwelt: Studium ► Querschnittsbereiche ► Infektiologie / Immunologie
• Schlagworte: Antigen • Antigen presentation • autoimmune disease • Dendritic cells • hepatology • immunology • Infections • infectious disease • Infectious Diseases • Liver • liver infection • Transplantation • tumor immunolgy • virus infection
• ISBN-13: 9784431794660 / 9784431794660