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30-Second Numbers

The 50 Key Topics for Understanding Numbers and How We Use Them

Niamh Nic Daeid, Christian Cole (Autoren)

Buch | Hardcover

160 Seiten

2020
White Lion Publishing (Verlag)
978-0-7112-5466-4 (ISBN)

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30-Second Numbers highlights 50 key topics for understanding numbers and how we use them, each explained in half a minute.

The successful 30-Second series tackles numbers, with experts on maths and data demystifying the essential numerical topics.
We know that we use numbers pretty often, some of us confidently, others reluctantly. But are we aware of just how essential they are to almost every decision we make? Counting and measuring when we're shopping, travelling, studying or playing are just the beginning; the applications of numbers are endless, from assessing variables and analysing data to the calculations and predictions of advanced artificial intelligence.
30-Second Numbers explores number categories, the science of measuring, how guesstimates work, and the visualisation of numbers, taking you behind the digits into the world of statistics, probability, risk and ratios. Numbers are our way of imposing order on the world, and each of the 50 topics here uses just 300 words and one picture to give you a sense of control, helping you to understand trends in statistical data, how algorithms are used and the methods involved in machine learning.
With this book, numbers need never be daunting again.

Professor Niamh Nic Daeid is one of the UK's leading researchers in forensic science, is Professor of Forensic Science at the University of Dundee. Previously based at the University of Strathclyde for two decades, she was the first woman to earn a personal chair in the Department of Chemistry in Strathclyde's 215-year history. Christian Cole is a data scientist and principal investigator at the Leverhulme Research Centre for Forensic Science, University of Dundee, Scotland, where he works on biological problems with large data sets.

Introduction

Fundamental Numbers
GLOSSARY
Real Numbers
Rational Numbers
Irrational Numbers
Prime Numbers
Complex Numbers
Discrete Numbers
Continuous Numbers
Zero & Negative Numbers
Powers & Roots
Profile: Gerolamo Cardano

Statistical Distributions
GLOSSARY
Statistics
Population & Samples
Sampling
Independent & Dependent Variables
Statistical Distributions
Normal Distribution
Profile: Abraham de Moivre
Random Variables

Statistical Tests
GLOSSARY
Statistical Tests
Mean
Standard Deviation
Measurement Error
p-Values
Profile: Egon Pearson
Confidence Interval
Bootstrapping
Standard Error
Linear Regression & Correlation

Probability and Risk
GLOSSARY
Probability
Profile: Pierre de Fermat
Prediction
Hypothesis Testing
Bayesian Probability
Profile: Thomas Bayes
Conditional Probability
Likelihood Ratios
Absolute Risk
Relative Risk
Numerical Bias

Using Numbers
GLOSSARY
Numerical Bases
Logarithms
Percentages
Fractions
Algorithms
False Positives & False Negatives
Permutations & Combinations
Profile: Fibonacci

Visualizing Numbers
GLOSSARY
Big Data
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
Data Visualization
Using Shape & Color
Comparing Numbers
Trends
Profile: Sir Arthur Lyon Bowley
Ranges
Quartiles

Appendices
Further Resources
Notes on Contributors
Index
Acknowledgments

Erscheinungsdatum	04.03.2020
Reihe/Serie	30 Second
Sprache	englisch
Themenwelt	Mathematik / Informatik ► Mathematik
ISBN-10	0-7112-5466-4 / 0711254664
ISBN-13	978-0-7112-5466-4 / 9780711254664
Zustand	Neuware