Systems Approach to Appropriate Technology Transfer (eBook)

Proceedings of the IFAC Symposium, Vienna, Austria, 21-23 March 1983

P. Fleissner (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2014 | 1. Auflage
220 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4831-4694-2 (ISBN)

Infos

Systems Approach to Appropriate Technology Transfer is a collection of selected papers presented at the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC) Symposium, held in Vienna, Austria. The objective of the symposium is to analyze the transfer process of technologies by using the systems approach and gather insights that can be used for the enhancement of future transfer programs. The book is a rich presentation of articles and research papers from scientists and engineers from all over the world, and is composed of introductory, technical discussion, and round table discussion papers. The introductory papers give insights to the concepts of technology transfer, systems approach, and use of appropriate technologies. The technical discussions touch on technology transfer in selected fields, energy technologies, flexible manufacturing systems, information and communication, social and educational aspects, and case studies. The four round table discussions focus on the application of technologies to support small-scale enterprises and users' participation; appropriate technology transfer on microelectronics; policies and strategies for appropriate technology transfer; and the impact of informatics on technology transfer. The text will appeal to computer scientists, engineers, policymakers, and students of information technology.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Systems Approach to Appropriate Technology Transfer 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 10
IFAC SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEMS APPROACH TO APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 6
PREFACE 8
CHAPTER 1. 
14 
INTRODUCTION 14
MAN AND MACHINE 14
A HUMAN-CENTRED FMS 16
THE RESEARCH PROBLEM 16
CONCLUSIONS 17
REFERENCES 17
CHAPTER 2. 
18 
Abstract 18
Contents 18
Keywords 18
INTRODUCTION 18
ACTUAL CONTRIBUTION OF IFAC TO TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 19
NEW WAYS TO PROMOTE THE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN THE FIELD OF AUTOMATI CCONTROL AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING 20
CONCLUSIONS 21
CHAPTER 3. 
24 
Abstract 24
Keywords 24
1. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 24
2. THE BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROBLEM 25
3. APPROPRIATE (SITUATION-CONFORM) DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF WIDE UNDER-STANDING OF TECHNOLOGY 25
4. ATTEMPT TO MAKE THE CONCEPT OF APPROPRIATE (SITUATION CONFORM) TECHNOLOGY OPERABLE" MACRO-ANALYSIS FOR A GROUPOF 97 COUNTRIES" 30
CHAPTER 4. 
34 
Abstract 34
Keywords 34
INTRODUCTION 34
SEMANTICS 34
GEOGRAPHY OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 34
WEST - WEST 34
EAST - WEST 35
EAST - EAST 35
NORTH - SOUTH 35
SOUTH - SOUTH 36
THE METRICS OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 36
POLICY ISSUES RELATED TO TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 36
REFERENCES 37
CHAPTER 5. 
40 
INTRODUCTION 40
SUBSYSTEM 1: DESIGN 41
SUBSYSTEM 2: TRAINING 43
SUBSYSTEM 3: TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION 44
CHAPTER 6. 
48 
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER -A GLOBAL PROBLEM 48
SOME ASPECTS FOR THE EVALUATION AND MEASUREMENT OF THE TERMS OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 48
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND SUGGESTIONS TO INCLUDE IN THE EXISTING MODEL SYSTEM "LINK" 49
REFERENCES 50
SESSION 1: TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN SELECTED FIELDS 52
CHAPTER 7. 
52 
Abstract 52
Keywords 52
INTRODUCTION 52
THE RE-INVENTION OF INDUSTRY 54
SERVICES REVISITED 59
CONCLUSIONS 61
REFERENCES 62
APPENDIX 62
CHAPTER 8. 
64 
Abstract 64
Keywords 64
INTRODUCTION 64
LEVELS OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT 65
INFORMATICS 65
INFORMATION AND DATA ENVIRONMENT 67
A MODEL FOR THE NATIONAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT 68
INGREDIENTS OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 70
MACRO-INFORMATICS OBJECTIVES 71
MACRO-INFORMATICS MEASURES 72
CONCLUSIONS 73
REFERENCES 73
CHAPTER 9. 
76 
Abstract 76
Keywords 76
1. SOME GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NEW MICROELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY 76
2. 
78 
3. THE IMPACTS OF THE NEW TECHNOLOGY 81
4. EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT 82
5. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL IMPACTS 83
6. SOME PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS 84
7. BIBLIOGRAPHY 85
SESSION 2: CASE STUDIES 86
CHAPTER 10. ON TRANSFERRING MICROELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONALLY: BRAZIL'S CASE 86
Abstract 86
Keywords 86
INTRODUCTION 86
CONSIDERATIONS FOR TRANSFERRING TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONALLY 86
FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MICROELECTRONICS INDUSTRY IN A COUNTRY 89
CRITICAL ELEMENTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MICROELECTRONICS INDUSTRY IN BRAZIL 91
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 95
REFERENCES 95
CHAPTER 11. 
96 
Abstract 96
Keywords 96
INTRODUCTION 96
A. THE CONTEXT 97
SLUM-AREA DWELLERS 98
WHO ARE THE SLUM-AREA DWELLERS? 98
THE PROGRAM FOR "RURBAN COMMUNITIES" 99
ECONOMIC, SPACE AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF THE FIRST "RURBAN" COMMUNITY 99
HOUSING IN CAMPO DE SANTANA 101
THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN INFRA-STRUCTURE 101
INFRA-STRUCTURE AND SOCIAL-CULTURAL EQUIPMENT ANDITS USE 101
CAPACITATION OF AND GUIDANCE FOR THE RESIDENTS OF CAMPO DE SANTANA 102
JURIDICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS AND PROBLEMS 103
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS 103
CHAPTER 12. AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN SOUTHERN ITALIAN INDUSTRY 106
Abstract 106
Keywords 106
INTRODUCTION 106
STRUCTURE OF EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION 107
MAIN RESULTS OF THE EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION 107
SOME CONCLUDING REMARKS 110
REFERENCES 110
SESSION 3: FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS 112
CHAPTER 13. 
112 
CHAPTER 14. AN APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER FOR CHINESE MACHINE-BUILDING INDUSTRY – APPLICATION OF MICROELECTRONICS (A CASE STUDY) 118
Abstract 118
Keywords 118
INTRODUCTION 118
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS OF MICROCOMPUTER IN CHINA 119
APPLICATION OF MICROCOMPUTERS IN CHINESE MACHINE BUILDING' INDUSTRY 120
CONCLUSION 121
REFERENCES 121
CHAPTER 15. 
124 
Abstract 124
Keywords 124
INTRODUCTION 124
MULTILEVEL SELF-OPTIMALIZING CONTROL 124
DESIGN OF LOCAL SELF-OPTIMALIZING CONTROLLER 126
DESIGN OF WHOLE OPTIMAL COORDINATOR 127
CONCLUSIONS 128
REFERENCES 129
CHAPTER 16. 
130 
Abstract 130
Keywords 130
INTRODUCTION 130
HISTORICAL BASIS OF METROLOGY AND STANDARDIZATION 130
ESTABLISHMENT OF CENTERS FOR MEASUREMENT, CALIBRATION AND TESTING 132
SOME ACTIVITIES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 134
IMPACT OF MICROELECTRONICS, AUTOMATED MEASUREMENTS AND PROCESS CONTROL 135
REFERENCES 136
CHAPTER 17. 
138 
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND HUMAN FACTOR 138
COMMUNICATIONS AND ENVIRONMENT 138
EXAMPLE OF PROJECT ADAPTATION TO THE NEEDS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES? 138
MICRO-ELECTRONICS IS AN APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 139
SESSION 4: ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES 142
CHAPTER 18. 
142 
Abstract 142
Keywords 142
INTRODUCTION 142
APPROPRIATE TRANSFER 143
ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGY 143
INDIGENOUS TECHNOLOGY 144
OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS 144
POST TRANSFER SERVICE 144
TRAINING POLICIES 145
SELECTION CRITERIA 145
CASE STUDIES 146
REFERENCES 147
CONCLUSIONS 147
CHAPTER 19. 
148 
Abstract 148
Keywords 148
INTRODUCTION 148
AVAILABLE RESOURCES OF ENERGY IN EGYPT 148
FUTURE DEMAND 150
CONCLUSIONS 150
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 150
REFERENCES 150
CHAPTER 20. 
152 
Abstract 152
Keywords 152
REFERENCES 155
CHAPTER 21. 
156 
Abstract 156
INTRODUCTION 156
DATA PROCESSING 156
NEW TECHNOLOGY 156
NEW TECHNOLOGIES 157
WATER MANAGEMENT 157
REFRESHER COURSES 157
FLEXIBILITY 157
DATA 157
ELECTRONIC MODELS 157
GOMTI RIVER MODEL 157
HYDROLOGY 158
SYSTEM ELEMENTS 158
TRAVELLING TIME 159
VALUE JUDGEMENT 159
MULTIOBJECTIVE ANALYSIS 159
FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIP 159
VALUE SYSTEM 159
INFORMATION FLOW 160
CONSTRUCTION 160
SHOUT TERM COURSES 160
DESIGN 161
CONCLUSION 161
REFERENCE 161
CHAPTER 22. 
162 
Abstract 162
Keywords 162
INTRODUCTION 162
TRAINING PROGRAM 162
MAN-POWER, QUALIFICATIONS AND TIME REQUIREMENTS FOT THE TRAINING 163
PRACTICAL EXPERIENCES DURING THE TRAINING 163
CONCLUSIONS 164
SESSION 5: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION 166
CHAPTER 23. 
166 
Abstract 166
Keywords 166
INTRODUCTION 166
VALUE AND ROLE OF RURAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS 167
TECHNICAL/OPERATIONAL ASPECTS 168
FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS 170
CONCLUDING REMARKS 171
REFERENCES 171
CHAPTER 24. 
172 
INTRODUCTION 172
CASE 1. EDUCATION FOR COMPUTER SYSTEMS AUDITOR 172
CONCLUSIONS - CASE 1 173
CASE 2. EDUCATION IN THE DESIGN OF ON-LINE BANKING SYSTEMS 173
CONCLUSIONS- CASE 2 174
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS 174
APPENDIX A: ON THE JOB TRAINING PROGRAMME FOR MR A MAY-AUGUST, 1982 175
APPENDIX B: TRAINING PROGRAMME FOR MRS B COVERING A ONE YEAR PERIOD 175
CHAPTER 25. 
178 
Abstract 178
Keywords 178
INTRODUCTION 178
THE TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT 178
THE COMPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT 179
COMMUNICATIONS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 180
SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS ON DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 181
INTERACTIONS WITH SOCIETY 182
REFERENCES 183
SESSION 6: ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL ASPECTS 184
CHAPTER 26. 
184 
ABSTRACT 184
Keywords 184
1.1. -Systems Aproach 185
1.2. -A-Proposition of a New Approach 186
II.1. The different paths to develop technology 188
11.2. Case study 190
CONCLUSION 192
AKNOWLEDGEMENTS 192
REFERENCES 192
CHAPTER 27. 
194 
Abstract 194
Keywords 194
INTRODUCTION 194
WHY THERE IS IMBALANCE IN TRADE 194
POLICY PERSPECTIVE: TRADE RE-ORIENTATION 195
CONCLUSION 197
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 197
REFERENCES 197
CHAPTER 28. 
198 
INTRODUCTION 198
PROJECT PROPOSAL 1 198
PROJECT PROPOSAL 2 198
FURTHER REMARKS 200
EXAMPLES 201
INTERACTION WITH THE USER 201
CHAPTER 29. 
204 
1. The 8085 Experimental Computer 204
2. The Hardware of the 8085 Experimental Computer 205
3. The Software 206
4. Teachware for the Experimental Computer 206
5. Digital Control of a DC Motor with the Aid of the Experimental Computer 207
CHAPTER 30. 
210 
Abstract 210
Keywords 210
GRAPE MARC PRODUCTS 210
SEMINAR AND WORKSHOP ON TEXTILE CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION IN TURKEY 211
CHAPTER 31. 
216 
INIRODUCTION 216
THE USE OF REAL INDICATORS FOR EQUIPMENT-CAPITAL 216
THE USE OF SCHOOL ENROLLMENT-DATA FOR HUMAN CAPITAL 216
THE USE OF REAL INDICATORS FOR THE INFORMATION PROCESSING CAPITAL 216
CHAPTER 32. 
218 
AUTHOR INDEX 220

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 17.5.2014
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Software Entwicklung ► User Interfaces (HCI)
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bauwesen
• ISBN-10: 1-4831-4694-4 / 1483146944
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4831-4694-2 / 9781483146942