Parallel Processing for Artificial Intelligence 2 (eBook)

H. Kitano, V. Kumar, C.B. Suttner (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2014 | 1. Auflage
245 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-9575-6 (ISBN)

Infos

With the increasing availability of parallel machines and the raising of interest in large scale and real world applications, research on parallel processing for Artificial Intelligence (AI) is gaining greater importance in the computer science environment. Many applications have been implemented and delivered but the field is still considered to be in its infancy.This book assembles diverse aspects of research in the area, providing an overview of the current state of technology. It also aims to promote further growth across the discipline. Contributions have been grouped according to their subject: architectures (3 papers), languages (4 papers), general algorithms (6 papers), and applications (5 papers). The internationally sourced papers range from purely theoretical work, simulation studies, algorithm and architecture proposals, to implemented systems and their experimental evaluation.Since the book is a second volume in the parallel processing for AI series, it provides a continued documentation of the research and advances made in the field. The editors hope that it will inspire readers to investigate the possiblities for enhancing AI systems by parallel processing and to make new discoveries of their own!

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Parallel Processingfor Artificial Intelligence 2 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 8
PREFACE 6
SECTION 1: ARCHITECTURES 10
Chapter 1. Hybrid Systems on a Multi-Grain Parallel Architecture 12
Abstract 12
1. Introduction 12
2. Hybrid systems 13
3. ArMenX 15
4. Implementation of multiple granularity algorithms on Ar-MenX 16
5. Conclusion 18
References 18
Chapter 2. An Abstract Machine for Implementing Connectionist and Hybrid Systems on Multi-processor Architectures 20
Abstract 20
1. Introduction 20
2. Hybrid systems for new AI applications 21
3. The Cellular Abstract Machine (CAM) 22
4. Implementation of a hybrid model on the CAM: an example 27
5. Multi-processor implementation of the CAM 32
6. Advancement of the implementation and conclusion 34
Acknowledgements 35
References 35
Chapter 3. A Dense, Massively Parallel Architecture 38
1. INTRODUCTION 38
2. DESCRIPTION OF THE GRAPH CLASS 38
3. DIAMETER AND MEAN DISTANCE 42
4. ROUTING 44
5. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 45
REFERENCES 46
SECTION 2: LANGUAGES 48
Chapter 4. Using Confluence to Control Parallel Production Systems 50
1. Introduction 50
2. A Brief Introduction to Term Rewriting Systems 51
3. Relating Production Systems to Term Rewriting Systems 53
4. Determining Confluence Among Production Rule Sets 56
5. Examples 58
6. Summary and Future Work 62
References 63
Chapter 5. Toward An Architecture Independent High Level Parallel Programming Model For Artificial Intelligence 66
Abstract 66
1. Introduction 66
2. Design Considerations 67
3. The Programming Model 68
4. Examples 70
5. Exploiting Parallelism 73
6. Development Status 75
7. Conclusions 75
References 75
Chapter 6. An Object-Oriented Approach for Programming the Connection Machine 76
Abstract 76
1. Programming Model 76
2. A more detailed view 78
3. Conclusion 82
References 82
Chapter 7. Automatic Parallelisation of LISP programs 86
Abstract 86
1. Introduction 86
2. Parallel Analysis 89
3. The PARALLEL Subsystem 93
4. Discussion 97
5. References 98
SECTION 3: GENERAL ALGORITHMS 100
Chapter 8.Simulation Analysis of Static Partitioning with Slackness 102
Abstract 102
1. Introduction 102
2. Simulation Analysis 103
3. Related Work 111
4. Summary 113
References 114
Chapter 9. A distributed realization for constraint satisfaction 116
1. INTRODUCTION 116
2. THE CSP 116
3. RELATED WORK 117
4. OUR DISTRIBUTED APPROACH 118
5. A MULTI-MASTER ENVIRONMENT 120
6. FINAL REMARKS 120
REFERENCES 123
Chapter 10. A First Step Towards the Massively Parallel Game-Tree Search : a SIMD Approach 126
Abstract 126
1. Introduction 126
2. Minimax theory 127
3· a–ß pruning 128
4. Search parallelization techniques 129
5. Motivations 131
6· SIMD a–ß algorithm 132
7. Implementation on CM-2 133
8. Empirical results 135
9. Concluding remarks and future works 136
References 137
Chapter 11. Initialization of Parallel Branch-and-bound Algorithms 140
Abstract 140
1. Introduction 140
2. Parallel Branch-and-bound 141
3. Initialization Methods 143
4. Analysis 147
5. Experimental Results 151
6. Conclusion 152
7· Acknowledgements 152
8. References 152
Chapter 12. A Model for Parallel Deduction 154
Abstract 154
1. Introduction 154
2. A Parallel Model for Horn Clauses 156
3. A Complete Parallel Model 162
4. Concluding Remarks 168
References 168
SECTION 4: APPLICATIONS 170
Chapter 13. Toward Real-Time Motion Planning 172
Abstract 172
1. Introduction 172
2. A Parallel Motion Planning Algorithm for MIMD multicomputers 176
3. Future work 180
4. Conclusion 182
5. Acknowledgements 182
References 182
Chapter 14. Toward Massively Parallel Spoken Language Translation 186
Abstract 186
1. Introduction 186
2. TDMT and Massively Parallel EBMT 187
3. Massively Parallel TDMT 189
4. Performance Analysis of Sequential TDMT vs. Massively Parallel TDMT 191
5. Conclusion 193
References 193
Chapter 15. Weather Forecasting Using Memory-Based Reasoning 194
1. Introduction 194
2. Weather Forecasting Using MBR 195
3. Implementation 196
4. Experimental Results 199
5. Discussion 203
6. Conclusions and Future work 205
REFERENCES 205
Chapter 16. Scalability of an OR-parallel Theorem Prover — A Modelling Approach — 208
Abstract 208
1. Introduction 208
2. OR-Parallelism in PARTHEO 209
3. Modelling PARTHEO 210
4. Results and Conclusions 212
References 214
Chapter 17. A Coarse Grained Parallel Induction Heuristic 216
Abstract 216
1. Introduction 216
2. Outline of Induction Heurisitic 217
3. Data Parallel 218
4. Brief Discussion of Options 219
5. Implementation 219
6. Details of Comparisons 222
7. Results 223
8. Conclusion 230
9. Acknowledgements 231
References 231
Chapter 18. Fuzzy Logic controlled dynamic allocation system 236
Abstract 236
1. Introduction 236
2. Structure of the allocation system 237
3. The fuzzy-control allocator 241
4. Example of an allocation strategy 242
5. A Test Case 245
6. Conclusion 246
References 246

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 28.6.2014
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Netzwerke
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Theorie / Studium ► Künstliche Intelligenz / Robotik
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Weitere Themen ► Hardware
• ISBN-10: 1-4832-9575-3 / 1483295753
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4832-9575-6 / 9781483295756