Distributed Computer Control Systems 1986 (eBook)

Proceedings of the Seventh IFAC Workshop, Mayschoss/Bad Neuenahr, FRG, 30 September - 2 October 1986

K.D. Muller, M.G. Rodd (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2014 | 1. Auflage
230 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-9857-3 (ISBN)

Infos

This seventh IFAC workshop on distributed control systems (DCCS) discusses the ideas of real-time synchronization and data consistency in industry, with emphasis on the Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP). The volume also debates the gulf between the computer scientist's approach to language and the needs of the application programmer. In addition to treating relevant topics, each session has an introductory paper and a panel discussion, to give a complete picture of the progress and research in this computer field today.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Distributed Computer Control Systems 1986 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 10
Foreword 8
CHAPTER 1. CURRENT AND FUTURE ISSUES IN THE DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DISTRIBUTED, COMPUTER-BASED CONTROL SYSTEMS 14
INTRODUCTION 14
EVOLUTION TOWARD DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS 15
ESSENTIAL ASPECTS OF DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER-BASED CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN 17
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHOICE OF A DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM 19
NEW DIRECTIONS AND EMERGING TRENDS IN DCCS DEVELOPMENT 20
SUMMARY 26
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 26
REFERENCES 26
CHAPTER 2. ADA* FOR DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS - A COMPILER INDEPENDENT APPROACH 38
INTRODUCTION 38
VIRTUAL NODES 39
BUILDING A DISTRIBUTED PROGRAM 40
THE STRUCTURE OF VIRTUAL NODES 41
THE REMOTE RENDEZVOUS PROTOCOl 43
EXAMPLE OF THE VIRTUAL NODE APPROACH 45
CONCLUSION 49
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 49
REFERENCES 49
CHAPTER 3. EXPERIENCES WITH THE OPEN REAL TIME DATABASE SYSTEM BAPAS-DB INDISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 50
INTRODUCTION 50
CHARACTERIZATION OF BAPAS-DB 50
USE OF BAPAS-DB IN A MOTOR CAR FACTORY 51
DISTRIBUTED DATABASES IN LABORATORIES 52
REFERENCES 52
CHAPTER 4. FAULT DETECTION IN A DISTRIBUTED ENVIRONMENT-STUDY OF A THERMAL POWER PLANT 58
INTRODUCTION 58
CURRENT APPROACHES TO FAULT DETECTION 58
FAULT CLASSIFICATION AND DETECTION SCHEMES 59
APPLICATION TO A POWER PLANT 60
CONCLUSION 61
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 61
REFERENCES 61
CHAPTER 5. DISCUSSIONS ABOUT MAP ADEQUACY TO MEET HARD REAL-TIME COMMUNICATION 66
INTRODUCTION 66
CONSTRAINTS FOR A REAL-TIMECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM 66
COMMUNICATION ARCHITECTURE 66
CONCLUSION 68
BIBLIOGRAPHY 68
DISCUSSION 69
CHAPTER 6. TOKEN BUS PERFORMANCE IN MAP AND PROWAY 70
1. Introduction 70
2. Scope and Application of MAP and PROWAY 70
3. Performance Requirements and Benchmark Load Patterns 71
4. The Performance Model 72
5. Utilization Estimates 72
6. An Example Configuration 73
7. Conclusion 74
CHAPTER 7. CRITIQUE TO MAP AND PROWAY 78
INTRODUCTION 78
GENERALITIES ABOUT MAP 78
THE DIFFICULTIES AND DEFICIENCIES OF MAP 80
COMMENTS ON PROWAY 82
CONCLUSION 83
REFERENCES 83
CHAPTER 8. THE SIMULATED PERFORMANCE OF PRACTICAL ETHERNET AND MAP NETWORKS 86
INTRODUCTION 86
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 86
NETWORK REQUIREMENTS OF THE NODE 86
REALISTIC PERFORMANCE FIGURES FOR ETHERNET NODES 87
PERFORMANCE FIGURES FOR MAP NODES 87
THE SIMULATION MODELS 87
SIMULATION RESULTS 88
CONCLUSION 89
REFERENCES 89
CHAPTER 9. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OFCOMMUNICATION AND SERVICE SUPPORT LAYERS OF THUDS DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER SYSTEM 92
INTRODUCTION 92
DATA LINK LAYER PROTOCOL 92
NETWORK LAYER PROTOCOL 93
PROCESS SYNCHRONIZATION AND GUARDED REGIONS IN SERVICE SUPPORT LAYER 96
PROCESS SCHEDULING INSERVICE SUPPORT LAYER 96
PROCEDURE TRANSFER(VAR source,destination:PROCESS) 96
CONCLUSION 97
REFERENCES 97
CHAPTER 10. A COMMUNICATION NETWORK FOR DISTRIBUTED PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS 98
INTRODUCTION 98
THE INTRODUCED LOCAL AREA NETWORK 98
THE ARBITRATION METHODS FOR EVENT DRIVENT RANSMISSION 99
THE EXPECTED PERFORMANCE OF THE EVENT POLLING 101
CONCLUSIONS 103
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 103
REFERENCES 103
CHAPTER 11. FUNCTIONAL COORDINATION ON HOMOGENEOUS DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM 110
INTRODUCTION 110
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION 111
SOFTWARE STRUCTURE 111
SOFTWARE BUS STRUCTURE 111
FUNCTIONAL COORDINATION 112
PRACTICAL APPLICATION 112
CONCLUSIONS 112
REFERENCE 113
CHAPTER 12. SYNCHRONIZED FORWARD AND BACKWARD RECOVERY FOR COMMUNICATING PROCESSES 120
INTRODUCTION 120
BASIC SYSTEM MODEL 121
NESTING AND BACKWARD RECOVERY 122
NESTING AND FORWARD RECOVERY 122
IMPLEMENTATION IN CONIC 122
CONCLUSION 124
REFERENCES 124
CHAPTER 13. REAL-TIME SIMULATION OF ROBOT MOTION DYNAMICS ON A MULTI PROCESSOR SYSTEM 126
INTRODUCTION 126
ROBOT MOTION SIMULATION 126
PARALLEL PROCESSING SCHEME 127
PARALLEL PROCESSING ON ACTUAL MULTIPROCESSOR SYSTEM 129
CONCLUSIONS 130
REFERENCES 131
CHAPTER 14. DEVELOPMENT OF A STORED-PROGRAMME FAIL-SAFE PRESS CONTROL SYSTEM 132
INTRODUCTION 132
DEFINITIONS 133
CONCEPT AND STRUCTURE OF THE FAIL-SAFE CONTROL SYSTEM 133
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE 135
PROCESS CONNECTIONS 137
SAFETY VERIFICATION 138
SUMMARY 139
LITERATURE 139
CHAPTER 15. A MODULAR FAULT-TOLERANT MULTIPLE PROCESSOR FOR FRONT-END PROCESS CONTROL 142
FAULT TOLERANCE IN DISTRIBUTED PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS 142
PROGRAMMING THE SAFIR 143
THE SAFIR-ARCHITECTURE 143
LIMITS OF THE ARCHITECTURE 145
CHAPTER 16. DISTRIBUTED COMPUTERS IN ACCELERATOR CONTROL SYSTEMS 148
INTRODUCTION 148
WHY ARE ACCELERATORS DIFFERENT? 148
ACCELERATOR CONTROL SYSTEMS 150
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM INDUSTRY 151
THE REAL UP-COMING CHALLENGE 153
REFERENCES 153
CHAPTER 17. DISTRIBUTED APPLICATION SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE APPLIED TO THE LEP PREINJECTOR CONTROLS 156
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS (Fig. 1.) 156
THE CONTROLS SYSTEM'S HARDWARE AND SYSTEM SOFTWARE (Fig. 2.) 156
APPLICATION SOFTWARE 157
REVIEW OF CURRENT APPLICATION SOFTWARE STRUCTURE 157
DESIGN GOALS FOR THE UPGRADED APPLICATION STRUCTURE. 157
DESCRIPTION OF THE UPGRADED APPLICATION STRUCTURE (Fig. 3.). 158
CONCLUSION 160
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 160
REFERENCES 161
CHAPTER 18. CRITIQUE OF THE TRIUMF CONTROL SYSTEM 164
INTRODUCTION 164
THE SYSTEM NOW 164
FUNCTIONAL CRITIQUE 165
COMPARISON WITH A "CANONICAL" SYSTEM 168
CONCLUSIONS 169
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 169
REFERENCES 169
CHAPTER 19. A LARGE TOKEN-RING CONTROL NETWORK FOR THE CERN LEP AND SPS ACCELERATORS AND COLLIDER RINGS 172
INTRODUCTION 172
THE CONTROL NETWORK 172
CONCLUSION 176
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 177
REFERENCES 177
DISCUSSION 177
CHAPTER 20. CODAS - A LARGE SCALE MULTICOMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM FOR THE JET PROJECT 178
INTRODUCTION 178
HARDWARE 179
CONTROL 179
CONCLUDING REMARKS 181
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 181
REFERENCES 181
CHAPTER 21. TIME RIGID SCHEDULING IN DISTRIBUTED REAL TIME SYSTEMS 186
1. INTRODUCTION 186
2. TRANSACTION CLASSES 186
3. SCHEDULING STRATEGIES IN A NODE 188
4. LAN PERFORMANCE 189
5. GLOBAL SCHEDULING 190
6. CONCLUSION 191
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 191
8. REFERENCES: 191
CHAPTER 22. SCHEDULING DYNAMICALLY OCCURRING TASKS IN HARD REAL-TIME SYSTEMS 194
INTRODUCTION 194
PROBLEM FORMULATION 195
COMPARISONS 197
SUMMARY AND EXTENSIONS 198
REFERENCES 198
CHAPTER 23. A HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCURRENCY CONTROL MECHANISM BASED ON EVENT SYNCHRONIZATION (ESM) 200
INTRODUCTION 200
1. THE MODEL AND THE ARCHITECTURE OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM. 201
2. DETECTION AND CONTROL OF CONFLICTS. 203
3. CHARACTERISTICS & ADVANTAGES OF ESM.
4. CONCLUSION 209
REFERENCES 213
CHAPTER 24. HIERARCHICAL COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM FOR CONTINUOUSLY OPERATING LARGE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 216
INTRODUCTION 216
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS 216
MEASURING DEVICES AND ACTUATORS 217
BASIC CONCEPT FOR A NEW AUTOMATION SYSTEM 217
PROPOSED HARDWARE STRUCTURE 218
SUMMARY 218
CHAPTER 25. THE DESIGN OF "SHOPTALK", A DISTRIBUTED MULTIPROCESSOR COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM 224
INTRODUCTION 224
OUTLINE OF "SHOPTALK" 224
FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS OF "SHOPTALK" 225
COMPARISON BETWEEN "SHOPTALK" AND THEOSI REFERENCE MODEL 226
DISTRIBUTED SOFTWARE TECHNIQUES 226
APPLICATION OF REAL-TIME CONTROL TO AN FMS USING "SHOPTALK" 227
CONCLUSION 227
REFERENCES 227
AUTHOR INDEX 234

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 23.5.2014
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Datenbanken
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Theorie / Studium
• Themenwelt: Technik
• ISBN-10: 1-4832-9857-4 / 1483298574
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4832-9857-3 / 9781483298573