Computer Programming Languages in Practice (eBook)

Made Simple Computerbooks

C. A. Hofeditz (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2014 | 1. Auflage
262 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4831-3543-4 (ISBN)

Infos

Computer Programming Languages in Practice provides an overview of various computer programming languages. The book begins with the fundamentals: what programs are; how they are planned and organized; what elements of the computer the programmer controls; flowcharting; and how computer data is organized. It then discusses material common to all languages, including the entry program, the compiler, the run-time system, syntax diagrams, and coding forms. The largest portion of this book is devoted to two very popular languages-BASIC and COBOL. It provides a brief history of the language's development and use; a description of how the programming system is organized; its major components, divisions of instructions, and a description of its instruction set (instruction-by-instruction); how a program is written, including a sample program; and a self-test, including exercises in which programming statements must be written. The final chapter discusses those languages which the reader is less likely to use but should know about. Included are descriptions of FORTRAN and RPG II.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Computer Programming Languages in Practice 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Introduction 12
Why Learn to Program? 12
Why Are There So Many Languages? 15
What You'll Find in Each Chapter 15
Chapter 1. What Programming Is 18
The Purpose of a Program 18
What is Software? 18
Types of Programs 19
Elements That Can Be Programmed 20
How Data Is Organized 26
Planning a Data File 29
The Need for a Data Base 31
Steps Involved in Preparing a Program 32
Flowcharts 35
Self-Test for Chapter 1 44
Chapter 2. Components of a Programming Language 45
Phases of Operation 45
The Statements Available in a Language 48
Syntax Diagrams 48
Coding Forms 50
Operators 50
Variables 54
Constants 55
Literals 55
Arrays 56
Functions 57
Expressions 57
Procedures 59
Control Structures and Structured Programming 60
The Effect of Limited Control Structures 67
Self-Test for Chapter 2 69
Chapter 3. BASIC—Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code 71
Introduction 71
What Does a BASIC Program Look Like? 71
Choosing an Instruction Set for Explanation 75
Other Components of the Language 75
Expressions in BASIC 75
String Constants and String Variables 77
Numeric Constants and Numeric Variables 77
A Note About Names 78
How Numeric and String Variables Are Used 78
Arithmetic Operators 79
Order of Priority 80
Writing Expressions Using Arithmetic Operators 80
Relational Operators 81
Writing Expressions Using Relational Operators 81
Logical Operators 82
The String Operator 83
Array 83
System Functions 85
Special System Functions 86
Construction of Source Statements 87
Data Entry Statements 91
Keyboard Input Statements 93
Array Handling Statements 95
The FIELD Statement 97
File Handling Statements 97
Statements That Display and Print 103
The LET Statement 110
Decisions, Branches, and Loops 111
Special Source Statements 117
A Sample Program 118
Self-Test for Chapter 3 123
Chapter 4. COBOL—Common Business Oriented Language 127
Introduction 127
Organization of a Program 131
The Identification Division 135
The Environment Division 136
The Data Division 137
COBOL Syntax Diagrams 141
The Procedure Division 143
Statements That Perform Arithmetic 144
The ACCEPT and DISPLAY Statements 150
The MOVE Statement 151
Statements That Use Files 157
Statements That Handle Tables 165
The SORT statement 171
Statements That Process Character Strings 172
Statements That Use Other Programs 174
The STOP Statement 176
COBOL Modules and Levels 177
Sample Program—Use of an Inventory File on Tape 177
Self-Test for Chapter 4 184
Chapter 5. Other Languages, Old and New 188
Introduction 188
Graphics and BASIC 189
FORTRAN—Formula Translator 202
A Section of a FORTRAN Program 212
Report Program Generator—RPG 212
CP/M—An Operating System You May Hear About 233
Self-Test for Chapter 5 236
Glossary of Terms 238
Answers 249
Answers to Self-Test for Chapter 1 249
Answers to Self-Test for Chapter 2 251
Answers to Self-Test for Chapter 3 252
Answers to Self-Test for Chapter 4 254
Answers to Self-Test for Chapter 5 257
Index 260

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 21.5.2014
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Theorie / Studium
• ISBN-10: 1-4831-3543-8 / 1483135438
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4831-3543-4 / 9781483135434