High Performance Control of AC Drives with Matlab / Simulink Models (eBook)

Haitham Abu-Rub, Jaroslaw Guzinski, Atif Iqbal (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2012 | 1. Auflage
502 Seiten
Wiley (Verlag)
9781119969235 (ISBN)

Infos

A comprehensive guide to understanding AC machines with exhaustive simulation models to practice design and control

Nearly seventy percent of the electricity generated worldwide is used by electrical motors. Worldwide, huge research efforts are being made to develop commercially viable three- and multi-phase motor drive systems that are economically and technically feasible.

Focusing on the most popular AC machines used in industry – induction machine and permanent magnet synchronous machine – this book illustrates advanced control techniques and topologies in practice and recently deployed. Examples are drawn from important techniques including Vector Control, Direct Torque Control, Nonlinear Control, Predictive Control, multi-phase drives and multilevel inverters.

Key features include:

• systematic coverage of the advanced concepts of AC motor drives with and without output filter;
• discussion on the modelling, analysis and control of three- and multi-phase AC machine drives, including the recently developed multi-phase-phase drive system and double fed induction machine;
• description of model predictive control applied to power converters and AC drives, illustrated together with their simulation models;
• end-of-chapter questions, with answers and PowerPoint slides available on the companion website www.wiley.com/go/aburub_control

This book integrates a diverse range of topics into one useful volume, including most the latest developments. It provides an effective guideline for students and professionals on many vital electric drives aspects. It is an advanced textbook for final year undergraduate and graduate students, and researchers in power electronics, electric drives and motor control. It is also a handy tool for specialists and practicing engineers wanting to develop and verify their own algorithms and techniques.

Autor

Dr Haitham Abu-Rub, Texas A&M University at Qatar Dr Abu-Rub has been working in the academic field and has been an active expert in the area of electrical machine drives and power electronics for almost 20 years. He is currently Associate Professor at Texas A&M University at Qatar. From 1997 until 2005 he worked as first assistant professor and then associate professor at Birzet University, Palestine. He was appointed Chairman of the Electrical Engineering Department there for four years. Dr Abu-Rub has published around 80 journal and conference papers and has co-authored four lab manuals. Dr Atif Iqbal, Aligarh Muslim University, India Dr Iqbal is presently on academic leave from AMU and is working as Teaching Associate in Electrical & Computer Engineering at Texas A&M University at Qatar. He joined the Electrical Engineering Department at Aligarh Muslim University as a Lecturer in 1991 and was promoted to the post of Associate Professor in 2006. Dr Iqbal completed two large R&D projects from AICTE and CSIR, Govt. of India on multi-phase drive control and is currently supervising one large R&D project from CSIR, New Delhi, on Five-phase Matrix Converter and a project on Renewable Energy technology at TAMUQ under UREP. He has filed three patents on the electrical phase transformation systems and published more than is associate editor of International Journal of Electrical & Computer Engineering, SJI, USA. Dr J. Guzinski, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland Dr Guzinski is currently an adjunct with the faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering at Gdansk University of Technology. In 2001 he was the design engineer of power electronics converters at Electrotechnical Research Institute, Gdansk, and was invited as visiting professor at Ecole Superieure d'Ingenieurs de Poiters in France. From 2004-2006 and then from 2008-2010 he was head of two grants supported by Polish Government, dedicated to closed loop control of the induction motor with voltage inverter output filter. Dr Guzinski has authored or co-authored more than 80 papers presented in journals and conferences. He is reviewer in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems and IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

Inhalt

High Performance Control of AC Drives with Matlab/simulink Models 1
Contents 9
Acknowledgment 15
Biographies 17
Preface 19
1 Introduction to High Performance Drives 21
1.1 Preliminary Remarks 21
1.2 General Overview of High Performance Drives 26
1.3 Challenges and Requirements for Electric Drives for Industrial Applications 30
1.3.1 Power Quality and LC Resonance Suppression 31
1.3.2 Inverter Switching Frequency 32
1.3.3 Motor Side Challenges 32
1.3.4 High dv/dt and Wave Reflection 32
1.3.5 Use of Inverter Output Filters 33
1.4 Organization of the Book 33
References 36
2 Mathematical and Simulation Models of AC Machines 39
2.1 Preliminary Remarks 39
2.2 DC Motors 39
2.2.1 Separately Excited DC Motor Control 40
2.2.2 Series DC Motor Control 42
2.3 Squirrel Cage Induction Motor 45
2.3.1 Space Vector Representation 45
2.3.2 Clarke Transformation (ABC to ??) 46
2.3.3 Park Transformation (?? to dq) 49
2.3.4 Per Unit Model of Induction Motor 50
2.3.5 Double Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) 52
2.4 Mathematical Model of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor 55
2.4.1 Motor Model in dq Rotating Frame 56
2.4.2 Example of Motor Parameters for Simulation 58
2.4.3 PMSM Model in Per Unit System 58
2.4.4 PMSM Model in ?–? (x–y)-Axis 60
2.5 Problems 62
References 62
3 Pulse Width Modulation of Power Electronic DC-AC Converter 65
3.1 Preliminary Remarks 65
3.2 Classification of PWM Schemes for Voltage Source Inverters 66
3.3 Pulse Width Modulated Inverters 66
3.3.1 Single-Phase Half-bridge Inverters 66
3.3.2 Single-Phase Full-bridge Inverters 74
3.4 Three-phase PWM Voltage Source Inverter 76
3.4.1 Carrier-based Sinusoidal PWM 84
3.4.2 Third-harmonic Injection Carrier-based PWM 87
3.4.3 Matlab/Simulink Model for Third Harmonic Injection PWM 88
3.4.4 Carrier-based PWM with Offset Addition 89
3.4.5 Space Vector PWM 92
3.4.6 Discontinuous Space Vector PWM 97
3.4.7 Matlab/Simulink Model for Space Vector PWM 98
3.4.8 Space Vector PWM in Over-modulation Region 110
3.4.9 Matlab/Simulink Model to Implement Space Vector PWM in Over-modulation Regions 116
3.4.10 Harmonic Analysis 116
3.4.11 Artificial Neural Network-based PWM 116
3.4.12 Matlab/Simulink Model of Implementing ANN-based SVPWM 120
3.5 Relationship between Carrier-based PWM and SVPWM 120
3.5.1 Modulating Signals and Space Vectors 122
3.5.2 Relationship between Line-to-line Voltages and Space Vectors 124
3.5.3 Modulating Signals and Space Vector Sectors 124
3.6 Multi-level Inverters 124
3.6.1 Diode Clamped Multi-level Inverters 126
3.6.2 Flying Capacitor Type Multi-level Inverter 129
3.6.3 Cascaded H-Bridge Multi-level Inverter 132
3.7 Impedance Source or Z-source Inverter 137
3.7.1 Circuit Analysis 140
3.7.2 Carrier-based Simple Boost PWM Control of a Z-source Inverter 142
3.7.3 Carrier-based Maximum Boost PWM Control of a Z-source Inverter 143
3.7.4 Matlab/Simulink Model of Z-source Inverter 144
3.8 Quasi Impedance Source or qZSI Inverter 147
3.8.1 Matlab/Simulink Model of qZ-source Inverter 149
3.9 Dead Time Effect in a Multi-phase Inverter 149
3.10 Summary 153
3.11 Problems 154
References 155
4 Field Oriented Control of AC Machines 159
4.1 Introduction 159
4.2 Induction Machines Control 159
4.2.1 Control of Induction Motor using V/f Method 160
4.2.2 Vector Control of Induction Motor 163
4.2.3 Direct and Indirect Field Oriented Control 168
4.2.4 Rotor and Stator Flux Computation 169
4.2.5 Adaptive Flux Observers 170
4.2.6 Stator Flux Orientation 172
4.2.7 Field Weakening Control 172
4.3 Vector Control of Double Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) 173
4.3.1 Introduction 173
4.3.2 Vector Control of DFIG Connected with the Grid (?? Model) 175
4.3.3 Variables Transformation 176
4.3.4 Simulation Results 179
4.4 Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine 180
4.4.1 Introduction 180
4.4.2 Vector Control of PMSM in dq Axis 180
4.4.3 Vector Control of PMSM in ?-? Axis using PI Controller 184
4.4.4 Scalar Control of PMSM 186
Exercises 188
Additional Tasks 188
Possible Tasks for DFIG 188
Questions 189
References 189
5 Direct Torque Control of AC Machines 191
5.1 Preliminary Remarks 191
5.2 Basic Concept and Principles of DTC 192
5.2.1 Basic Concept 192
5.2.2 Principle of DTC 193
5.3 DTC of Induction Motor with Ideal Constant Machine Model 199
5.3.1 Ideal Constant Parameter Model of Induction Motors 199
5.3.2 Direct Torque Control Scheme 202
5.3.3 Speed Control with DTC 204
5.3.4 Matlab/Simulink Simulation of Torque Control and Speed Control with DTC 205
5.4 DTC of Induction Motor with Consideration of Iron Loss 219
5.4.1 Induction Machine Model with Iron Loss Consideration 219
5.4.2 Matlab/Simulink Simulation of the Effects of Iron Losses in Torque Control and Speed Control 222
5.4.3 Modified Direct Torque Control Scheme for Iron Loss Compensation 233
5.5 DTC of Induction Motor with Consideration of both Iron Losses and Magnetic Saturation 237
5.5.1 Induction Machine Model with Consideration of Iron Losses and Magnetic Saturation 237
5.5.2 Matlab/Simulink Simulation of Effects of both Iron Losses and Magnetic Saturation in Torque Control and Speed Control 238
5.6 Modified Direct Torque Control of Induction Machine with Constant Switching Frequency 253
5.7 Direct Torque Control of Sinusoidal Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (SPMSM) 253
5.7.1 Introduction 253
5.7.2 Mathematical Model of Sinusoidal PMSM 254
5.7.3 Direct Torque Control Scheme of PMSM 256
5.7.4 Matlab/Simulink Simulation of SPMSM with DTC 256
References 273
6 Non-Linear Control of Electrical Machines Using Non-Linear Feedback 275
6.1 Introduction 275
6.2 Dynamic System Linearization using Non-Linear Feedback 276
6.3 Non-Linear Control of Separately Excited DC Motors 278
6.3.1 Matlab/Simulink Non-Linear Control Model 278
6.3.2 Non-Linear Control Systems 279
6.3.3 Speed Controller 280
6.3.4 Controller for Variable m 281
6.3.5 Field Current Controller 282
6.3.6 Simulation Results 282
6.4 Multiscalar model (MM) of Induction Motor 282
6.4.1 Multiscalar Variables 282
6.4.2 Non-Linear Linearization of Induction Motor Fed by Voltage Controlled VSI 284
6.4.3 Design of System Control 286
6.4.4 Non-Linear Linearization of Induction Motor Fed by Current Controlled VSI 287
6.4.5 Stator Oriented Non-Linear Control System (based on ?s, is) 290
6.4.6 Rotor-Stator Fluxes-based Model 291
6.4.7 Stator Oriented Multiscalar Model 292
6.4.8 Multiscalar Control of Induction Motor 294
6.4.9 Induction Motor Model 295
6.4.10 State Transformations 295
6.4.11 Decoupled IM Model 297
6.5 MM of Double Fed Induction Machine (DFIM) 298
6.6 Non-Linear Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine 301
6.6.1 Non-Linear Control of PMSM for a dq Motor Model 303
6.6.2 Non-Linear Vector Control of PMSM in ?-? Axis 305
6.6.3 PMSM Model in ?-? (x-y) Axis 305
6.6.4 Transformations 305
6.6.5 Control System 308
6.6.6 Simulation Results 308
6.7 Problems 309
References 310
7 Five-Phase Induction Motor Drive System 313
7.1 Preliminary Remarks 313
7.2 Advantages and Applications of Multi-Phase Drives 314
7.3 Modeling and Simulation of a Five-Phase Induction Motor Drive 315
7.3.1 Five-Phase Induction Motor Model 315
7.3.2 Five-Phase Two-Level Voltage Source Inverter Model 324
7.3.3 PWM Schemes of a Five-Phase VSI 348
7.4 Indirect Rotor Field Oriented Control of Five-Phase Induction Motor 364
7.4.1 Matlab/Simulink Model of Field-Oriented Control of Five-Phase Induction Machine 367
7.5 Field Oriented Control of Five-Phase Induction Motor with Current Control in the Synchronous Reference Frame 368
7.6 Model Predictive Control (MPC) 372
7.6.1 MPC Applied to a Five-Phase Two-Level VSI 374
7.6.2 Matlab/Simulink of MPC for Five-Phase VSI 376
7.6.3 Using Eleven Vectors with ? = 0 376
7.6.4 Using Eleven Vectors with ? = 1 379
7.7 Summary 379
7.8 Problems 379
References 381
8 Sensorless Speed Control of AC Machines 385
8.1 Preliminary Remarks 385
8.2 Sensorless Control of Induction Motor 385
8.2.1 Speed Estimation using Open Loop Model and Slip Computation 386
8.2.2 Closed Loop Observers 386
8.2.3 MRAS (Closed-loop) Speed Estimator 395
8.2.4 The Use of Power Measurements 398
8.3 Sensorless Control of PMSM 400
8.3.1 Control system of PMSM 402
8.3.2 Adaptive Backstepping Observer 403
8.3.3 Model Reference Adaptive System for PMSM 405
8.3.4 Simulation Results 408
8.4 MRAS-based Sensorless Control of Five-Phase Induction Motor Drive 408
8.4.1 MRAS-based Speed Estimator 409
8.4.2 Simulation Results 416
References 416
9 Selected Problems of Induction Motor Drives with Voltage Inverter and Inverter Output Filters 421
9.1 Drives and Filters – Overview 421
9.2 Three-Phase to Two-Phase Transformations 423
9.3 Voltage and Current Common Mode Component 424
9.3.1 Matlab/Simulink Model of Induction Motor Drive with PWM Inverter and Common Mode Voltage 425
9.4 Induction Motor Common Mode Circuit 428
9.5 Bearing Current Types and Reduction Methods 430
9.5.1 Common Mode Choke 432
9.5.2 Common Mode Transformers 434
9.5.3 Common Mode Voltage Reduction by PWM Modifications 435
9.6 Inverter Output Filters 440
9.6.1 Selected Structures of Inverter Output Filters 440
9.6.2 Inverter Output Filters Design 445
9.6.3 Motor Choke 455
9.6.4 Matlab/Simulink Model of Induction Motor Drive with PWM Inverter and Differential Mode (Normal Mode) LC Filter 457
9.7 Estimation Problems in the Drive with Filters 460
9.7.1 Introduction 460
9.7.2 Speed Observer with Disturbances Model 462
9.7.3 Simple Observer based on Motor Stator Models 465
9.8 Motor Control Problems in the Drive with Filters 467
9.8.1 Introduction 467
9.8.2 Field Oriented Control 469
9.8.3 Non-Linear Field Oriented Control 473
9.8.4 Non-Linear Multiscalar Control 477
9.9 Predictive Current Control in the Drive System with Output Filter 481
9.9.1 Control System 481
9.9.2 Predictive Current Controller 484
9.9.3 EMF Estimation Technique 487
9.10 Problems 491
9.11 Questions 495
References 495
Index 499

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 23.3.2012
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Theorie / Studium
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Schlagworte: Control Systems Technology • Electrical & Electronics Engineering • Elektrotechnik u. Elektronik • Regelungstechnik
• ISBN-13: 9781119969235 / 9781119969235