Introduction to Network Simulator NS2 (eBook)

Ekram Hossain, Teerawat Issariyakul (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2008 | 2009
X, 400 Seiten
Springer US (Verlag)
978-0-387-71760-9 (ISBN)

Infos

An Introduction to Network Simulator NS2 is a beginners' guide for network simulator NS2, an open-source discrete event simulator designed mainly for networking research. NS2 has been widely accepted as a reliable simulation tool for computer communication networks both in academia and industry.

This book will present two fundamental NS2 concepts:i) how objects (e.g., nodes, links, queues, etc.) are assembled to create a network and ii) how a packet flows from one object to another. Based on these concepts, this book will demonstrate through examples how new modules can be incorporated into NS2. The book will:

-Give an overview on simulation and communication networks.

-Provide general information (e.g., installation, key features, etc.) about NS2.

-Demonstrate how to set up a simple network simulation scenario using Tcl scripting lanuage.

-Explain how C++ and OTcl (Object oriented Tcl) are linked, and constitute NS2.

-Show how Ns2 interprets a Tcl Script and executes it.

-Suggest post simulation processing approaches and identify their pros and cons.

-Present a number of NS2 extension examples.

-Discuss how to incorporate MATLAB into NS2.

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Introduction to Network Simulator NS2 is a primer providing materials for NS2 beginners, whether students, professors, or researchers for understanding the architecture of Network Simulator 2 (NS2) and for incorporating simulation modules into NS2. The authors discuss the simulation architecture and the key components of NS2 including simulation-related objects, network objects, packet-related objects, and helper objects.The NS2 modules included within are nodes, links, SimpleLink objects, packets, agents, and applications. Further, the book covers three helper modules: timers, random number generators, and error models. Also included are chapters on summary of debugging, variable and packet tracing, result compilation, and examples for extending NS2. Two appendices provide the details of scripting language Tcl, OTcl and AWK, as well object oriented programming used extensively in NS2. Introduction to Network Simulator NS2 can be used by researchers, professionals or graduate students studying telecommunication networks.

Inhalt

Preface 6
Contents 9
1 Simulation of Computer Networks 17
1.1 Computer Networks and the Layering Concept 17
1.2 System Modeling 21
1.3 Basics of Computer Network Simulation 22
1.4 Time-Dependent Simulation 25
1.5 A Simulation Example: A Single-Channel Queuing System 28
1.6 Chapter Summary 34
2 Introduction to Network Simulator 2 (NS2) 35
2.1 Introduction 35
2.2 Basic Architecture 36
2.3 Installation 37
2.4 Directories and Convention 39
2.5 Running NS2 Simulation 42
2.6 A Simulation Example 43
2.7 Including C++ Modules into NS2 and the make Utility 49
2.8 Chapter Summary 52
3 Linkage Between OTcl and C++ in NS2 53
3.1 The Two-Language Concept in NS2 54
3.2 Class Tcl 58
3.3 Class InstVar 62
3.4 Class TclObject 65
3.5 Class TclClass 77
3.6 Class TclCommand 79
3.7 Class EmbeddedTcl 82
3.8 Chapter Summary 83
4 Implementation of Discrete-Event Simulation in NS2 85
4.1 NS2 Simulation Concept 86
4.2 Events and Handlers 86
4.3 The Scheduler 90
4.4 The Simulator 96
4.5 Instprocs of OTcl Class Simulator 100
4.6 Chapter Summary 100
5 Network Objects: Creation, Configuration, and Packet Forwarding 102
5.1 Overview of NS2 Components 102
5.2 NsObjects: A Network Object Template 105
5.3 Connectors 106
5.4 Chapter Summary 113
6 Nodes as Routers or Computer Hosts 114
6.1 An Overview of Nodes in NS2 114
6.2 Routing Mechanism in NS2 118
6.3 Route Logic 120
6.4 Classifiers: Multi-target Packet Forwarders 122
6.5 Routing Modules 133
6.6 Node Object Configuration 140
6.7 Chapter Summary 152
7 Link and Buffer Management 153
7.1 Introduction to SimpleLink Objects 153
7.2 Modeling Packet Departure 157
7.3 Buffer Management 160
7.4 A Sample Two-Node Network 166
7.5 Chapter Summary 168
8 Packets, Packet Headers, and Header Format 170
8.1 An Overview of Packet Modeling Principle 170
8.2 Packet Allocation and Deallocation 176
8.3 Packet Header 181
8.4 Data Payload 200
8.5 Customizing Packets 204
8.6 Chapter Summary 207
9 Transport Control Protocols Part 1 – An Overview and User Datagram Protocol implementation 209
9.1 UDP and TCP Basics 209
9.2 Basic Agents 215
9.3 UDP (User Datagram Protocol) and Null Agents 222
9.4 Chapter Summary 227
10 Transport Control Protocols Part 2 – Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) 229
10.1 An Overview of TCP Agents in NS2 229
10.2 TCP Receiver 234
10.3 TCP Sender 242
10.4 TCP Packet Transmission Functions 242
10.5 ACK Processing Functions 249
10.6 Timer Related Functions 254
10.7 Window Adjustment Functions 267
10.8 Chapter Summary 271
11 Application: User Demand Indicator 272
11.1 Relationship Between an Application and a Transport Layer Agent 272
11.2 Details of Class Application 276
11.3 Traffic Generators 279
11.4 Simulated Applications 288
11.5 Chapter Summary 290
12 Related Helper Classes 291
12.1 Timers 291
12.2 Implementation of Random Numbers in NS2 306
12.3 Built-in Error Models 317
12.4 Bit Operations in NS2 331
12.5 Chapter Summary 334
13 Processing an NS2 Simulation: Debugging, Tracing, and Result Compilation 336
13.1 Debugging: A Process to Remove Programming Errors 336
13.2 Variable Tracing 341
13.3 Packet Tracing 350
13.4 Compilation of Simulation Results 365
13.5 Chapter Summary 369
14 Developing New Modules for NS2 371
14.1 Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) 371
14.2 Packet Scheduling for Multi-Flow Data Transmission 384
14.3 Chapter Summary 395
A Programming Essentials 396
A.1 Tcl Programming 396
A.2 Objected Oriented Tcl (OTcl) Programming 407
A.3 AWK Programming 412
B A Review of the Polymorphism Concept in OOP 419
B.1 Fundamentals of Polymorphism 419
B.2 Type Casting and Function Ambiguity 422
B.3 Virtual Functions 423
B.4 Abstract Classes and Pure Virtual Functions 424
B.5 Class Composition: An Application of Type Casting Polymorphism 425
B.6 Programming Polymorphism with No Type Casting: An Example 426
B.7 A Scalability Problem Caused by Non Type Casting Polymorphism 427
B.8 The Class Composition Programming Concept 428
References 432
General Index 434
Code Index 437

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 10.12.2008
• Zusatzinfo: X, 400 p. 74 illus.
• Verlagsort: New York
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Netzwerke
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Nachrichtentechnik
• Schlagworte: Communication • computer network • Configuration • Host • Information • installatioin • programming • Router • Simulation
• ISBN-10: 0-387-71760-9 / 0387717609
• ISBN-13: 978-0-387-71760-9 / 9780387717609