Frühe Eisenverhüttung bei Glienick
Siedlungs- und wirtschaftsarchäologische Forschungen zur vorrömischen Eisen- und römischen Kaiserzeit in Brandenburg
Seiten
2018
|
1., Aufl.
VML Vlg Marie Leidorf (Verlag)
978-3-89646-527-6 (ISBN)
VML Vlg Marie Leidorf (Verlag)
978-3-89646-527-6 (ISBN)
In the course of a DFG-funded project, the organisation of iron smelting and iron working in the Jastorf culture was characterised for the first time. The project focused on the Teltow area, a morainic landscape south of Berlin which offers diverse natural resources. The excavation of a settlement of the Pre-Roman Iron Age near Glienick revealed bloomeries and several metric tons of smelting slag, indicating large-scale iron production. The bloomeries showed a very particular construction and functional principle and have been named “Glienick type” after the site at which they were first recognised. A series of experiments using this type of furnace succeeded in replicating iron production in this type of bloomery. Extensive smithing residue from the Iron Age settlement shows that iron working took place in close connection with iron production. Metallurgical activities were carried out within the settlement, which was otherwise characterised by a subsistence economy based on agriculture. Following the study of surrounding sites with a similar structure, a model for the organisation of the iron supply in the region during the Pre-Roman Iron Age was developed. A comparison with the Roman Iron Age shows that there was no linear development of iron production. Rather, a break was observed at the end of the Pre-Roman Iron Age and the system was restructured; subsequently, the necessary iron was partly imported. This volume presents the archaeological evidence, supplemented by several scientific analyses. These include the discussion of a pollen profile from Lake Rangsdorf, which amongst others provides a detailed insight into settlement development from the Middle Bronze Age to the Early Roman Period. Im Rahmen eines DFG-Projektes konnte im Teltow, einer mit verschiedenen natürlichen Ressourcen ausgestatteten Grundmoränenlandschaft südlich von Berlin, erstmals die Struktur der Eisenverhüttung und Eisenverarbeitung in der Jastorfkultur erschlossen werden. Bei Ausgrabungen in einer Siedlung der vorrömischen Eisenzeit bei Glienick wurden Rennöfen und tonnenweise Verhüttungsschlacken angetroffen, die eine umfassende Eisenproduktion belegen. Die Rennöfen besaßen eine spezielle Bauweise und Funktionsweise und erfuhren nach dem ersten Fundort eine Bezeichnung als Typ „Glienick“. Mit einer Reihe von Rennofenversuchen konnte die Eisenerzeugung mit diesem Ofentyp erfolgreich nachvollzogen werden. Zahlreiche Schmiedeabfälle aus der eisenzeitlichen Siedlung zeigen, dass im unmittelbaren Zusammenhang mit der Erzeugung des Eisens auch dessen Verarbeitung erfolgte. Die metallurgischen Tätigkeiten fanden innerhalb der Siedlung statt, die ansonsten von der agrarisch orientierten Subsistenzwirtschaft geprägt war. Nach einer Analyse der im Umfeld liegenden Siedlungen, die eine vergleichbare Struktur aufweisen, ist ein Modell zur Organisation der Eisenversorgung in der Region während der vorrömischen Eisenzeit erstellt worden. Ein Vergleich mit der römischen Kaiserzeit zeigt, dass es keine lineare Weiterentwicklung der Eisenproduktion gab, sondern dass am Ende der vorrömischen Eisenzeit ein Bruch stattfand und es zu einer Umstrukturierung kam, in deren Folge auf eine teilweise Einfuhr des benötigten Eisens zurückgegriffen wurde. An die Vorlage des archäologischen Materials schließen sich verschiedene naturwissenschaftliche Untersuchungen an, darunter die Auswertung eines Pollenprofils aus dem Rangsdorfer See, das unter anderem einen detaillierten Einblick in die Besiedlungsentwicklung von der mittleren Bronzezeit bis in die frühe römische Kaiserzeit gibt.
In the course of a DFG-funded project, the organisation of iron smelting and iron working in the Jastorf culture was characterised for the first time. The project focused on the Teltow area, a morainic landscape south of Berlin which offers diverse natural resources. The excavation of a settlement of the Pre-Roman Iron Age near Glienick revealed bloomeries and several metric tons of smelting slag, indicating large-scale iron production. The bloomeries showed a very particular construction and functional principle and have been named “Glienick type” after the site at which they were first recognised. A series of experiments using this type of furnace succeeded in replicating iron production in this type of bloomery. Extensive smithing residue from the Iron Age settlement shows that iron working took place in close connection with iron production. Metallurgical activities were carried out within the settlement, which was otherwise characterised by a subsistence economy based on agriculture. Following the study of surrounding sites with a similar structure, a model for the organisation of the iron supply in the region during the Pre-Roman Iron Age was developed. A comparison with the Roman Iron Age shows that there was no linear development of iron production. Rather, a break was observed at the end of the Pre-Roman Iron Age and the system was restructured; subsequently, the necessary iron was partly imported. This volume presents the archaeological evidence, supplemented by several scientific analyses. These include the discussion of a pollen profile from Lake Rangsdorf, which amongst others provides a detailed insight into settlement development from the Middle Bronze Age to the Early Roman Period.
In the course of a DFG-funded project, the organisation of iron smelting and iron working in the Jastorf culture was characterised for the first time. The project focused on the Teltow area, a morainic landscape south of Berlin which offers diverse natural resources. The excavation of a settlement of the Pre-Roman Iron Age near Glienick revealed bloomeries and several metric tons of smelting slag, indicating large-scale iron production. The bloomeries showed a very particular construction and functional principle and have been named “Glienick type” after the site at which they were first recognised. A series of experiments using this type of furnace succeeded in replicating iron production in this type of bloomery. Extensive smithing residue from the Iron Age settlement shows that iron working took place in close connection with iron production. Metallurgical activities were carried out within the settlement, which was otherwise characterised by a subsistence economy based on agriculture. Following the study of surrounding sites with a similar structure, a model for the organisation of the iron supply in the region during the Pre-Roman Iron Age was developed. A comparison with the Roman Iron Age shows that there was no linear development of iron production. Rather, a break was observed at the end of the Pre-Roman Iron Age and the system was restructured; subsequently, the necessary iron was partly imported. This volume presents the archaeological evidence, supplemented by several scientific analyses. These include the discussion of a pollen profile from Lake Rangsdorf, which amongst others provides a detailed insight into settlement development from the Middle Bronze Age to the Early Roman Period.
| Erscheinungsdatum | 22.06.2018 |
|---|---|
| Reihe/Serie | Berliner Archäologische Forschungen ; 17 |
| Co-Autor | Paul Fischer-Schröter, Susanne Hanik, Pim De Klerk, Bernd Lychatz, Fleur Schweigart |
| Verlagsort | Rahden/Westf. |
| Sprache | deutsch |
| Maße | 210 x 297 mm |
| Gewicht | 4560 g |
| Einbandart | gebunden |
| Themenwelt | Geschichte ► Allgemeine Geschichte ► Vor- und Frühgeschichte |
| Schlagworte | Eisenverhüttung • Jastorfkultur • Metallurgie • Rennofen • Schlacke • Siedlung |
| ISBN-10 | 3-89646-527-9 / 3896465279 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-3-89646-527-6 / 9783896465276 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
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