Spreading Activation, Lexical Priming and the Semantic Web (eBook)

Early Psycholinguistic Theories, Corpus Linguistics and AI Applications

Michael Pace-Sigge (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2018
XIII, 135 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-319-90719-2 (ISBN)

Infos

This book explores the interconnections between linguistics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) research, their mutually influential theories and developments, and the areas where these two groups can still learn from each other. It begins with a brief history of artificial intelligence theories focusing on figures including Alan Turing and M. Ross Quillian and the key concepts of priming, spread-activation and the semantic web. The author details the origins of the theory of lexical priming in early AI research and how it can be used to explain structures of language that corpus linguists have uncovered. He explores how the idea of mirroring the mind's language processing has been adopted to create machines that can be taught to listen and understand human speech in a way that goes beyond a fixed set of commands. In doing so, he reveals how the latest research into the semantic web and Natural Language Processing has developed from its early roots. The book moves on to describe how the technology has evolved with the adoption of inference concepts, probabilistic grammar models, and deep neural networks in order to fine-tune the latest language-processing and translation tools. This engaging book offers thought-provoking insights to corpus linguists, computational linguists and those working in AI and NLP.

Michael Pace-Sigge is Senior Lecturer at the University of Eastern Finland, Finland. His key areas of research are corpus linguistics and lexical priming. He is the author of Lexical Priming in Spoken English Usage (2013) and co-editor of Lexical Priming: Advances and Applications (2017).

Inhalt

Acknowledgements 5
Contents 6
List of Figures 8
List of Tables 9
Chapter 1 Introduction 11
Abstract 11
References 15
Chapter 2 M. Ross Quillian, Priming, Spreading-Activation and the Semantic Web 17
Abstract 17
2.1 Computational Groundwork 17
2.2 M. Ross Quillian and the Language-Learning Machine 19
2.3 Quillian, Collins and Loftus: The Semantic Web and Facilitating Access to the Semantic Memory 23
2.4 The Issue of Spreading Activation 30
2.5 Quillian and the Psychological Concept of Priming 32
References 36
Chapter 3 Where Corpus Linguistics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Meet 39
Abstract 39
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 From Quillian’s Priming to Hoey’s Lexical Priming 40
3.3 Spreading Activation, Inference and Frame Finding 49
3.3.1 Introduction 49
3.3.2 The Lack of Understanding in Quillian’s Semantic Network and Inference Models to Overcome This Drawback 50
3.3.3 More Recent Inference Models Using Frame Semantics 57
3.4 From Quillian’s Spreading Activation to Edge Pruning 59
3.4.1 Introduction 59
3.4.2 Spreading Activation Algorithms in the Twenty First Century 60
3.4.3 The Small World Network as a Modified Spreading Activation System 62
3.5 Semantic Spaces, Language Modelling and Deep Neural Networks: Towards Understanding Assistants like Google GO and Apple’s SIRI 65
3.5.1 Introduction 65
3.5.2 Statistical Prediction Models 67
3.5.3 Language Modelling: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) 71
3.5.4 Language Models and Speech Recognition 76
3.6 A Brief Look at Language Modelling for Translation 80
References 87
Chapter 4 Take Home Messages for Linguists and Artificial Intelligence Designers 93
Abstract 93
4.1 Introduction 93
4.2 AI Developers—Where They Come from 94
4.2.1 Introduction 94
4.2.2 Philosophers of Language, Linguists and AI Engineers 95
4.3 Learning from Linguists: Language Research Areas 104
4.3.1 Introduction 104
4.3.2 Learning from Linguists: Language Research Areas 104
4.3.3 Learning from Linguists: Hapax Legomena/Rare Words 114
4.4 The Structure of Language 116
References 120
Chapter 5 Conclusions 125
Abstract 125
References 130
Bibliography: Further Reading 131
Index 141

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 4.6.2018
• Zusatzinfo: XIII, 135 p. 15 illus.
• Verlagsort: Cham
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Sprach- / Literaturwissenschaft ► Sprachwissenschaft
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Theorie / Studium ► Künstliche Intelligenz / Robotik
• Schlagworte: Alan Turing • Artificial Intelligence • Corpus Linguistics • digital translators • Discourse analysis • Echo • Google Go • Lexical Priming • Michael Hoey • M. Ross Quillian • Natural Language Processing • n-gram model • Peter Norvig • probabilistic grammar • semantic memory • semantic web • Siri • Spreading Activation • Voice recognition applications
• ISBN-10: 3-319-90719-0 / 3319907190
• ISBN-13: 978-3-319-90719-2 / 9783319907192