The Wiley Handbook on the Cognitive Neuroscience of Learning (eBook)

Robin A. Murphy, Robert C. Honey (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2016
John Wiley & Sons (Verlag)
978-1-118-65084-4 (ISBN)

Infos

The Wiley Handbook on the Cognitive Neuroscience of Learning charts the evolution of associative analysis and the neuroscientific study of behavior as parallel approaches to understanding how the brain learns that both challenge and inform each other.

• Covers a broad range of topics while maintaining an overarching integrative approach
• Includes contributions from leading authorities in the fields of cognitive neuroscience, associative learning, and behavioral psychology
• Extends beyond the psychological study of learning to incorporate coverage of the latest developments in neuroscientific research

About the Contributors vii

Preface x

1 The Cognitive Neuroscience of Learning: Introduction and Intent 1
Robert C. Honey and Robin A. Murphy

Part I Associative Learning 5

2 The Determining Conditions for Pavlovian Learning: Psychological and Neurobiological Considerations 7
Helen M. Nasser and Andrew R. Delamater

3 Learning to Be Ready: Dopamine and Associative Computations 47
Nicola C. Byrom and Robin A. Murphy

4 Learning About Stimuli That Are Present and Those That Are Not: Separable Acquisition Processes for Direct and Mediated Learning 69
Tzu-Ching E. Lin and Robert C. Honey

5 Neural Substrates of Learning and Attentive Processes 86
David N. George

6 Associative Learning and Derived Attention in Humans 114
Mike Le Pelley, Tom Beesley, and Oren Griffiths

7 The Epigenetics of Neural Learning 136
Zohar Bronfman, Simona Ginsburg, and Eva Jablonka

Part II Associative Representations Memory, Recognition, and Perception 177

8 Associative and Nonassociative Processes in Rodent Recognition Memory 179
David J. Sanderson

9 Perceptual Learning: Representations and Their Development 201
Dominic M. Dwyer and Matthew E. Mundy

10 Human Perceptual Learning and Categorization 223
Paulo F. Carvalho and Robert L. Goldstone

11 Computational and Functional Specialization of Memory 249
Rosie Cowell, Tim Bussey, and Lisa Saksida

Space and Time 283

12 Mechanisms of Contextual Conditioning: Some Thoughts on Excitatory and Inhibitory Context Conditioning 285
Robert J. McDonald and Nancy S. Hong

13 The Relation Between Spatial and Nonspatial Learning 313
Anthony McGregor

14 Timing and Conditioning: Theoretical Issues 348
Charlotte Bonardi, Timothy H. C. Cheung, Esther Mondragón, and Shu K. E. Tam

15 Human Learning About Causation 380
Irina Baetu and Andy G. Baker

Part III Associative Perspectives on the Human Condition 409

16 The Psychological and Physiological Mechanisms of Habit Formation 411
Nura W. Lingawi, Amir Dezfouli, and Bernard W. Balleine

17 An Associative Account of Avoidance 442
Claire M. Gillan, Gonzalo P. Urcelay, and Trevor W. Robbins

18 Child and Adolescent Anxiety: Does Fear Conditioning Play a Role? 468
Katharina Pittner, Kathrin Cohen Kadosh, and Jennifer Y. F. Lau

19 Association, Inhibition, and Action 489
Ian McLaren and Frederick Verbruggen

20 Mirror Neurons from Associative Learning 515
Caroline Catmur, Clare Press, and Cecilia Heyes

21 Associative Approaches to Lexical Development 538
Kim Plunkett

22 Neuroscience of Value?]Guided Choice 554
Gerhard Jocham, Erie Boorman, and Tim Behrens

Index 592

Inhalt

Title Page 5
Copyright Page 6
Contents 7
About the Contributors 9
Preface 12
Chapter 1 The Cognitive Neuroscience of Learning: Introduction and Intent 13
References 16
Part I Associative Learning 17
Chapter 2 The Determining Conditions for Pavlovian Learning: Psychological and Neurobiological Considerations 19
Introduction 19
Major Variables Supporting Pavlovian Learning 21
Psychological Principles of Pavlovian Learning 33
Prediction Error (US Surprise) 35
Neural Principles of Conditioning 38
Conclusions 45
Acknowledgments 48
References 48
Chapter 3 Learning to Be Ready: Dopamine and Associative Computations 59
Summary and Scope 59
Conditions for Association 61
Dopamine Prediction Error 69
Conclusions 77
References 77
Chapter 4 Learning About Stimuli That Are Present and Those That Are Not: Separable Acquisition Processes for Direct and Mediated Learning 81
Summary and Scope 81
Historical Context 81
Contemporary Animal Learning Theory 82
Mediated Learning During Sensory Preconditioning 84
Brain Mechanisms of Mediated Learning 86
Trace Conditioning As Mediated Learning 89
Theoretical Elaboration 90
Further Empirical Analysis 92
Concluding Comments and Integration 94
Acknowledgments 94
Notes 95
References 95
Chapter 5 Neural Substrates of Learning and Attentive Processes 98
Summary 98
Preamble 98
Effects of Predictiveness 99
Effects of Uncertainty 108
Prediction-Error Signals in the Brain 114
Summary and Conclusions 117
Note 119
References 119
Chapter 6 Associative Learning and Derived Attention in Humans 126
Derived Attention 126
Part 1: Learned Predictiveness 127
Learned Value 131
Derived Attention and Stimulus Processing: A Summary 138
Derived Attention, Drug Addiction, and Psychosis 141
Conclusions 142
Notes 143
References 144
Chapter 7 The Epigenetics of Neural Learning 148
Introduction 148
A General Characterization of Learning and Memory 150
Epigenetic Mechanisms 151
Epigenetic Memory Systems in Neurons: Memory All the Way Down 155
Epigenetics of Fear Conditioning and Fear Extinction in Rodents 156
Some General Implications and Future Directions 162
Epigenetic Mechanisms and the Formation of Cellular Associations 162
Memory Through the Formation of Intercellular Associations 163
Beyond Long-Term Memory 164
Implications for the Evolution of Associative Learning 166
Acknowledgments 181
References 181
Part II Associative Representations: Memory, Recognition, and Perception 189
Chapter 8 Associative and Nonassociative Processes in Rodent Recognition Memory 191
Spontaneous Novelty Preference Task 192
Competitive Short-Term and Long-Term Processes in Habituation 192
Competitive Short-Term and Long-Term Processes in Spontaneous Novelty Preference Behavior 193
Wagner’s Standard Operating Procedures Model 195
Context-Dependent Spontaneous Novelty Preference Behavior 197
Importance of Competitive Processes for the Study of Recognition Memory in Animals 199
Role of the GluA1 AMPAR Subunit in Short-Term, Recency-Dependent Memory 201
Role of the Hippocampus in Associative and Nonassociative Recognition Memory Processes 204
Conclusion 208
References 208
Chapter 9 Perceptual Learning: Representations and Their Development 213
A Note on Terminology, Elements, and Representations 214
Impact of Exposure Schedule 215
Adaptation and Unpacking “Comparison” 218
Quality Versus Quantity in Perceptual Learning and the Potential Role for Brain Imaging 219
Brain Imaging in the Psychophysical Tradition of Perceptual Learning Research 222
Brain Imaging and Exposure Schedule 224
Concluding Comments 229
Notes 230
References 230
Chapter 10 Human Perceptual Learning and Categorization 235
Mechanisms of Perceptual Change 237
Categorical Perception 248
Conclusions 250
Acknowledgments 252
References 252
Chapter 11 Computational and Functional Specialization of Memory 261
Introduction 261
Modular Organization of Visual Memory and Visual Perception in the Brain 261
Puzzling Findings and Problems with the Modular View 264
Representational–Hierarchical Framework 266
Experimental Work Driven by the Representational–Hierarchical Framework 279
Conclusions 289
References 290
Space and Time 295
Chapter 12 Space and Time: Some Thoughts on Excitatory and Inhibitory Context Conditioning 297
Introduction 297
Context–US Associations 299
Context-Specific Conditioned Inhibition 306
General Conclusions 318
References 319
Chapter 13 The Relation Between Spatial and Nonspatial Learning 325
What is Learned? 325
Conditions of Learning 339
Performance 348
Summary 349
Acknowledgment 350
References 350
Chapter 14 Timing and Conditioning: Theoretical Issues 360
Introduction 360
Temporal Factors and Associative Learning 360
Information-Theoretic Approach 363
A Challenge to Trial-Based Associative Theory? 364
A Different Associative Approach 366
Neural Substrates of Timing Mechanisms 368
Involvement of the Hippocampus in Temporal Cognition 369
Summary and Implications for Theory 374
Phasic Firing of Dopaminergic Neurons 375
Involvement of Neurotransmitters in Timing Behavior 377
Dorsal Striatum and Timing Behavior 379
Conclusions 382
Notes 383
References 383
Chapter 15 Human Learning About Causation 392
Learning About Generative Causes 392
Learning About Preventive Causes 399
Asymmetries Between Preventive and Generative Learning 400
Inferring Larger Causal Structures from Individual Causal Links 402
Brain Activity Consistent with Outcome Expectations and Prediction Errors 405
Genetic Markers that Correlate with Learning 407
Conclusion 413
References 413
Part III Associative Perspectives on the Human Condition 421
Chapter 16 The Psychological and Physiological Mechanisms of Habit Formation 423
Defining Habits from an Instrumental Learning Perspective 423
Differentiating Habitual and Goal-Directed Behaviors 424
Perspectives on Habit Formation 426
Neural Correlates of Habitual Behavior 435
On the Interaction Between Habitual and Goal-Directed Systems: Evidence for Hierarchical Neural Control 440
Acknowledgments 447
Notes 447
References 447
Chapter 17 An Associative Account of Avoidance 454
Introduction 454
Associative Theories of Avoidance 456
Conditions Necessary for Avoidance 462
Content of the Associations 466
Mechanisms of Avoidance 470
Summary 473
References 474
Chapter 18 Child and Adolescent Anxiety: Does Fear Conditioning Play a Role? 480
Individual Differences in Human Fear Learning 481
Developmental Changes in Fear Learning 484
Humans 489
Conclusions 491
References 497
Chapter 19 Association, Inhibition, and Action 501
Introduction and Manifesto 501
Basic Phenomena I: Conditioned Inhibition 502
What is Learned During Inhibitory Conditioning? 506
Basic Phenomena II: Conditioned Inhibitory Control 509
Integration: Inhibition and Association 517
Conclusion: Inhibition in Cognitive Control and Associative Learning 520
Notes 520
References 520
Chapter 20 Mirror Neurons from Associative Learning 527
MN Background Information 528
Distinguishing the Adaptation and Associative Accounts 534
Conclusion 543
Acknowledgments 544
References 544
Chapter 21 Associative Approaches to Lexical Development 550
Associative or What? 550
The Problem 551
Whole Object Constraint 551
Taxonomic Constraint 554
Mutual Exclusivity 558
Conclusions 562
Notes 563
References 563
Chapter 22 Neuroscience of Value-Guided Choice 566
Introduction 566
Ubiquity of Value Representations 566
From Value to Choice 572
Mechanisms of Choice 574
Multiple Brain Mechanisms for Choice? 579
Behavioral Adaptation 581
References 595
Index 604
EULA 620

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 26.5.2016
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Allgemeine Psychologie
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Pädagogische Psychologie
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Verhaltenstherapie
• Schlagworte: Artificial Intelligence • associative learning • attention • Behavior • Causation • Cognitive Neuropsychology & Cognitive Neuroscience • Computation • Conditioning • Connectionism • epigenetics • Ethology • Kognitive Neuropsychologie u. Neurowissenschaft • kognitive Neurowissenschaft • Lernen • Memory • Neuropsychologie • Neuroscience • perception • Psychologie • Psychology • psychopathology • Recognition • Representation • Social • space • Time
• ISBN-10: 1-118-65084-0 / 1118650840
• ISBN-13: 978-1-118-65084-4 / 9781118650844