Thinking Socratically

Critical Thinking About Everyday Issues

Sharon Schwarze, Harvey Lape (Autoren)

Buch | Softcover

384 Seiten

2000 | 2nd edition
Pearson (Verlag)
978-0-13-028163-0 (ISBN)

Infos

The readings collected here present students with real-life situations that raise questions about the basic assumptions of rationality. Chapters focus on connections, deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, and reasoning about values. Open rational dialogue is emphasized throughout. The situation

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For undergraduate courses in Critical Thinking, Rhetoric, Informal Logic, Introduction to Philosophical Thinking, and Freshman Studies.

This unique book is a treatment of critical thinking, rather than an informal logic textbook. It emphasizes a philosophical reflection on real issues from everyday life, in order to teach students the skills of critical thinking in a commonplace context that is easy to understand and certain to be remembered.

Inhalt

I. CONNECTIONS.

1. Why Be Rational?


READINGS: Plato, Euthyphro. Isaac Bashevis Singer, Why the Geese Shrieked. Alan Riding, The Shaman and the Dying Scientist: A Brazilian Tale.

2. Language.


READINGS: Lewis Thomas, The Corner of the Eye. Stephen Jay Gould, Eight Little Piggies. Gertrude Stein, The Making of Americans.

3. Knowledge and Certainty.


READINGS: René Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy. Stephen Hawking, A Brief History of Time. Michael Dobbs, Double Identity.

4. Arguments and Explanations.


READINGS: Giovanni Boccaccio, The Decameron: Michele Scalza, The Decameron: Melchizedek. Linda Herskowitz, The Day-Care Deaths: A Mystery.

II. DEDUCTIVE REASONING.

5. Deductive Links.


READINGS: Thurgood Marshall, Dissenting Opinion in Gregg v. Georgia.

6. Deductive Standards.


READINGS: Norman Malcolm, Anselm's Ontological Argument.

III. INDUCTIVE REASONING.

7. Supporting Our Claims.


READINGS: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Blanched Soldier. Mike Mallowe, Murder on the Main Line. Emilie Lounsberry and Henry Goldman, The Jury: Convinced or Confused? Emilie Lounsberry, Bradfield, on Stand, Denies Any Role. Henry Goldman, Bradfield and Women. David W. Belin, The Warren Commission: Why We Still Don't Believe It. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Conclusion to “The Adventure of the Blanched Soldier”.

8. Standards of Inductive Reasoning.


READINGS: Cynthia Clendenon, Doctors as Detectives. The Literary Digest Predicts Victory by Landon, 1936. Mark K. Anderson, Thy Countenance Shakes Spears. Denise Grady, So Smoking Causes Cancer: This Is News? Hilary Putnam, Renewing Philosophy.

9. Fallacies.


Russell Baker, Lost Genius. Max Shulman, Love Is a Fallacy. The Sleaze Merchants Attack, (an editorial).

10. Scientific Reasoning.


READINGS: Morris Kline, The Heliocentric Theory of Copernicus and Kepler.

11. Pseudoscience.


READINGS: Martin Gardner, Fliess, Freud, and Biorhythm.

IV. REASONING ABOUT VALUES.

12. The Nature of Morality.


READINGS: Feodor Dostoevsky, The Brothers Karamazov.

13. Reasoning About Good and Bad.


READINGS: Immanuel Kant, Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals. Jean-Paul Sartre, Existentialism Is a Humanism.

14. Moral Dialogue.


READINGS: Plato, Euthyphro (excerpt).

15. Reason and Commitment.


READINGS: Jane Smiley, Keynote Speech May 18 at Simpson College's 1996 Commencement.

Index.

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 29.8.2000
• Sprache: englisch
• Maße: 152 x 229 mm
• Gewicht: 1000 g
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Logik
• ISBN-10: 0-13-028163-8 / 0130281638
• ISBN-13: 978-0-13-028163-0 / 9780130281630
• Zustand: Neuware