A Companion to the Reconstruction Presidents, 1865 - 1881 (eBook)

Edward O. Frantz (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2014
John Wiley & Sons (Verlag)
978-1-118-60769-5 (ISBN)

Infos

A Companion to Reconstruction Presidents presents a series of original essays that explore a variety of important issues, themes, and debates associated with the presidencies of Andrew Johnson, Ulysses S. Grant, and Rutherford B. Hayes.

• Represents the first comprehensive look at the presidencies of Johnson, Grant, and Hayes in one volume
• Features contributions from top historians and presidential scholars
• Approaches the study of these presidents from a historiographical perspective
• Key topics include each president’s political career; foreign policy; domestic policy; military history; and social context of their terms in office

Edward Frantz is Associate Professor of History at the University of Indianapolis. He is the author of The Door of Hope: Republican Presidents and the First Southern Strategy, 1877-1933 (2011). 

Inhalt

A Companion to the Reconstruction Presidents 1865–1881 5
Copyright 6
Contents 7
Notes on Contributors 10
Introduction 15
References 17
Part I Andrew Johnson 19
Chapter One Andrew Johnson before the Presidency 21
References 34
Chapter Two Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction 38
Johnson and the Union 41
Johnson and Presidential Reconstruction 42
Johnson and Radical Reconstruction 49
Impeachment and Resignation 52
References 54
Further Reading 55
Chapter Three Andrew Johnson: Race, the Constitution, and Democracy 56
Johnson and the Historiography of Reconstruction 57
Johnson and Race: Personal Views and Policy Effects 61
Johnson and the Constitution 66
Johnson and Democracy 70
Conclusion and Avenues for Further Research 72
References 74
Further Reading 75
Chapter Four The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson 76
References 96
Further Reading 97
Chapter Five Foreign Affairs and Andrew Johnson 99
Note 130
References 130
Further Reading 133
Part II Ulysses S. Grant 135
Chapter Six Ulysses S. Grant: Birth to the Mexican–American War 137
References 152
Further Reading 153
Chapter Seven Ulysses S. Grant: Star on the Rise, 1861–1863 154
References 172
Further Reading 176
Chapter Eight Ulysses S. Grant: The Making of a Military Politician, 1861–1865 179
Grant and His Contemporaries 181
The British View and Its Ramifications 185
A Democratic War 188
Post-Restoration Studies 195
References 199
Further Reading 201
Chapter Nine The General-in-Chief, 1864–1865 202
“The Eyes of the World Upon Him” 204
The New General-in-Chief 205
Crafting a Strategy 207
The Overland Campaign of 1864: The Wilderness to Spotsylvania 212
The Politics of War 215
The Overland Campaign: The North Anna to Petersburg 217
Prisoners of War and Politics 219
Lee Strikes Back 219
The Long Winter 221
To Appomattox and Beyond 222
The Future of Grant’s History 225
References 225
Further Reading 226
Chapter Ten Ulysses S. Grant Goes to Washington: The Commanding General as Secretary of War 228
A Brief History of Grant’s Tenure 230
Reconstruction and Reunion 232
The Tragic Era 234
Rewriting Reconstruction 238
New Directions 244
References 246
Further Reading 247
Chapter Eleven The 1868 and 1872 Elections 249
References 268
Further Reading 270
Chapter Twelve Looking for the Popular Culture of Grant’s America 271
References 286
Chapter Thirteen Reconstruction during the Grant Years: The Conundrum of Policy 289
References 307
Further Reading 308
Chapter Fourteen Flames in the West: American Expansion, Federal Indian Policy, and the Transformation of Indigenous Lives in the Age of Grant 309
References 323
Further Reading 324
Chapter Fifteen Avoiding War: The Foreign Policy of Ulysses S. Grant and Hamilton Fish 325
Building a Cabinet 326
Foreign Policy Philosophy 329
Cuba 331
The Alabama Claims 336
Diplomatic Conclusions 337
Conclusion 338
References 339
Further Reading 341
Chapter Sixteen Grant and Historical Memory 342
References 353
Further Reading 356
Chapter Seventeen Grant and Heroic Leadership 357
Conclusion 365
References 366
Chapter Eighteen Engagement Rather Than Escape: Ulysses S. Grant’s World Tour, 1877–1879 367
Introduction: Thesis and Sources 367
Preparing for Travel Overseas and Departure 369
Arrival in Great Britain and John Russell Young 373
Travels in Europe, June 1–December 13, 1877 374
Travels in the Middle East, December 13, 1877–March 8, 1878 378
More Travels in Europe, March 8–September 25, 1878 379
Historical and Political Controversies 383
European Travels Prior to Circumnavigation, September 25, 1878–January 23, 1879 384
Crossing the Indian Ocean and Travels in India, January 23–March 16, 1879 386
Travels in the Far East and China, March 16–June 15, 1879 388
Travels in Japan, June 21–September 3, 1879 390
Informal Diplomacy: The Ryukyu Arbitration 393
Return to the United States, September 3–December 24, 1879 393
Conclusion and Further Research Needs 394
References 396
Further Reading 399
Part III Rutherford B. Hayes 401
Chapter Nineteen Crushing the Traitors: Rutherford B. Hayes in the Civil War 403
References 416
Further Reading 416
Chapter Twenty Rutherford B. Hayes: The Road to the White House 417
References 427
Further Reading 428
Chapter Twenty-One Election of 1876/Compromise of 1877 429
References 440
Further Reading 443
Chapter Twenty-Two Hayes and Civil Service Reform 445
The Spoils System 445
Early Reform Moves 447
Reform and Reconstruction 448
Presidential Candidate 451
A New Policy 453
The New York Customhouse 455
Elections and Reform 460
Garfield 462
Conclusion 463
References 463
Further Reading 465
Chapter Twenty-Three The Shattered Dream: The Shock of Industrialization and the Crisis of the Free Labor Ideal 466
The Shock of Industrialization 469
The Legacy of Liberal Republicanism 471
The Political Settlement of the Fourth Party System 476
The Rise and Fall of the Postbellum Labor Movement 478
The Fateful Year 480
Making Sense of the Great Uprising 482
References 486
Further Reading 487
Chapter Twenty-Four Lifting the Veil of Obscurity?: Lucy Webb Hayes, America’s First “First Lady” 489
References 508
Further Reading 509
Part IV The Age of Reconstruction 511
Chapter Twenty-Five Edison and the Age of Invention 513
Edison and the Telegraph Industry 514
Edison and the Telephone 517
The Phonograph and the Birth of Recorded Sound 519
Electric Light and Power 521
Edison and Motion Pictures 525
Edison and the Age of Invention 527
Opportunities for Future Scholarship 528
Note 529
References 529
Further Reading 530
Chapter Twenty-Six Centennial Celebrations 531
Historiography 531
Local Celebrations 534
The International Exposition 535
History at the Centennial 539
Technology at the Centennial 542
References 548
Further Reading 550
Chapter Twenty-Seven Community Responsibilities, Citizenship Rights: Gender and Power in the Reconstruction Era 552
Introduction 552
The Transition from Slavery to Freedom 553
Manhood in a World Turned Upside Down 558
White Women’s Peculiar Emancipation 559
Teaching, Aid, and the Freedmen’s Bureau 562
Suffrage 566
Conclusion 572
References 572
Further Reading 574
Chapter Twenty-Eight Playing on a New Field: The U.S. Supreme Court in Reconstruction 576
A New Court 577
The Chase Years 579
A New Field 581
Retreat 585
Conclusion 589
References 591
Further Reading 594
Chapter Twenty-Nine Scandal, Corruption 595
“Honest Abe” 596
Johnson and the Patronage 598
The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson 599
Grant and the Patronage 601
The Rise of the Reformers 602
The Election of 1872 604
Grant’s Second Term 606
The Whiskey Ring 607
Hayes and the One-Term Principle 609
Conclusion 611
References 612
Further Reading 613
Chapter Thirty Ex-Presidents in the Age of Reconstruction 615
State of the Field: Existing Literature 617
References 628
Further Reading 630
Index 631

Rezensionen

"Distinguished historians Ari Hoogenboom, John Marzsalek,
and Alan Peskin, and other rising scholars offer useful essays on
the presidents and an array of other topics central to this pivotal
period." (Expofairs.com, 4 August 2014)

"Edward Frantz has gathered a wide-ranging group of
experts who thoroughly cover the lives and overlapping
administrations of the three so-called "Reconstruction Presidents."
Often dismissed or disdained, Johnson, Grant, and Hayes emerge from
these lively and up-to-date essays not only as crucial figures
deserving of serious scholarly scrutiny and reassessment, but also
as engagingly human representatives of a turbulent era. A splendid
and worthwhile historiographical resource!"

--Joan Waugh, UCLA

"This most valuable collection of essays by renowned
experts offers an insightful survey of the scholarship covering the
lives of Andrew Johnson, Ulysses S. Grant, and Rutherford B. Hayes,
three men who helped secure military victory in the American Civil
War and who as presidents did much to shape the reconstructed
American republic that emerged from that conflict."

--Brooks Simpson, Arizona State University

"Distinguished historians Ari Hoogenboom, John Marzsalek,
and Alan Peskin, and other rising scholars offer useful essays on
the presidents and an array of other topics central to this pivotal
period."

--Charles W. Calhoun, East Carolina
University

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 18.3.2014
• Reihe/Serie: Blackwell Companions to American History
• Reihe/Serie: Blackwell Companions to American History
• Reihe/Serie: Wiley Blackwell Companions to American History
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geschichte ► Allgemeine Geschichte ► Neuzeit (bis 1918)
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Geschichte ► Regional- / Ländergeschichte
• Schlagworte: 19th Century America • American Politics • American Social & Cultural History • American Social & Cultural History • Amerika im 19. Jahrhundert • Geschichte • History • Political Science • Politik / Amerika • Politikwissenschaft • Rutherford B. Hayes, Hayes, Ulysses S. Grant, Grant, Andrew Johnson, Johnson, presidential companion, presidents, Civil War, impeachment, carpetbaggers, Depression of 1873, Compromise of 1877 • Sozial- u. Kulturgeschichte Amerikas • USA /Geschichte
• ISBN-10: 1-118-60769-4 / 1118607694
• ISBN-13: 978-1-118-60769-5 / 9781118607695