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Childhood, Philosophy and Open Society - Chi-Ming Lam

Childhood, Philosophy and Open Society (eBook)

Implications for Education in Confucian Heritage Cultures

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2013 | 2013
XIII, 185 Seiten
Springer Singapore (Verlag)
978-981-4451-06-2 (ISBN)
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​The purpose of this book is to develop a theory and practice of education from Karl Popper's non-justificationist philosophy for promoting an open society. Specifically, the book is designed to develop an educational programme for fostering critical thinking in children, particularly when they are involved in group discussion.The study conducted an experiment to assess the effectiveness of Matthew Lipman's Philosophy for Children (P4C) programme in promoting Hong Long (Chinese) children's critical thinking. Forty-two Secondary 1 students volunteered for the experiment, from whom 28 students were randomly selected and randomly assigned to two groups of 14 each: one receiving P4C lessons and the other receiving English lessons. The students who were taught P4C were found to perform better in the reasoning test than those who were not, to be capable of discussing philosophical problems in a competent way, and to have a very positive attitude towards doing philosophy in the classroom. It was also found that P4C played a major role in developing the students' critical thinking.Considering that the construction of children by adults as incompetent in the sense of lacking reason, maturity, or independence reinforces the traditional structure of adult authority over children in society, it runs counter to the goal of fostering critical thinking in children. As a way to return justice to childhood and to effectively promote critical thinking in children, the present study suggested reconstructing the concept of childhood, highlighting the importance of establishing a coherent public policy on promotion of agency in children and also the importance of empowering them to participate actively in research, legal, and educational institutions.

Chi-Ming Lam is Assistant Professor in Philosophy and Education in the Department of International Education and Lifelong Learning at the Hong Kong Institute of Education.  His research interests include the philosophy of Karl Popper, critical thinking, and philosophy for children.  He has published and presented on these areas both nationally and internationally.


?The purpose of this book is to develop a theory and practice of education from Karl Popper's non-justificationist philosophy for promoting an open society. Specifically, the book is designed to develop an educational programme for fostering critical thinking in children, particularly when they are involved in group discussion.The study conducted an experiment to assess the effectiveness of Matthew Lipman's Philosophy for Children (P4C) programme in promoting Hong Long (Chinese) children's critical thinking. Forty-two Secondary 1 students volunteered for the experiment, from whom 28 students were randomly selected and randomly assigned to two groups of 14 each: one receiving P4C lessons and the other receiving English lessons. The students who were taught P4C were found to perform better in the reasoning test than those who were not, to be capable of discussing philosophical problems in a competent way, and to have a very positive attitude towards doing philosophy in the classroom. It was also found that P4C played a major role in developing the students' critical thinking.Considering that the construction of children by adults as incompetent in the sense of lacking reason, maturity, or independence reinforces the traditional structure of adult authority over children in society, it runs counter to the goal of fostering critical thinking in children. As a way to return justice to childhood and to effectively promote critical thinking in children, the present study suggested reconstructing the concept of childhood, highlighting the importance of establishing a coherent public policy on promotion of agency in children and also the importance of empowering them to participate actively in research, legal, and educational institutions.

Chi-Ming Lam is Assistant Professor in Philosophy and Education in the Department of International Education and Lifelong Learning at the Hong Kong Institute of Education.  His research interests include the philosophy of Karl Popper, critical thinking, and philosophy for children.  He has published and presented on these areas both nationally and internationally.

Chapter 1 - Introduction1.1 Philosophy and Influence of Karl Popper1.2 Aims and Significance of the Study1.3 Argument and Outline of the BookChapter 2 - Theoretical and Practical Justifications for Popper’s Non-Justificationism2.1 Introduction2.2 The Problem of the Bounds of Reason2.3 Solution One: Comprehensive Rationalism2.4 Solution Two: Critical Rationalism2.5 Solution Three: Comprehensively Critical Rationalism2.6 From Theory to Practice2.7 The Problem of Practicality2.8 ConclusionChapter 3 - Education for Open Society as an Educational Ideal3.1 Introduction3.2 The Ideal of Open Society3.3 The Role of Education in Open Society3.4 Confucianism and Critical Rationalism3.5 How Lipman’s Philosophy for Children Programme Fits the Popperian Ideal3.6 ConclusionChapter 4 - An Empirical Study of the Effectiveness of Lipman’s Philosophy for Children Programme on Promoting Children’s Critical Thinking in Hong Kong, China4.1 Introduction4.2 Method4.3 Results4.4 DiscussionChapter 5 - Reconceptualisation of Childhood for Promoting Justice in an Open Society5.1 Introduction 5.2 Construction of Childhood in Philosophy, Psychology, and Sociology5.3 Deconstruction of Childhood for Exposing Injustices Towards Children5.4 Reconstruction of Childhood as a Way to Justice5.5 ConclusionChapter 6 - Conclusions6.1 Outcomes of the Study6.2 Implications for Theory and Practice6.3 Suggestions for Further Research

Erscheint lt. Verlag 26.2.2013
Reihe/Serie Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects
Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects
Zusatzinfo XIII, 185 p.
Verlagsort Singapore
Sprache englisch
Themenwelt Geisteswissenschaften
Sozialwissenschaften Pädagogik Allgemeines / Lexika
Sozialwissenschaften Pädagogik Bildungstheorie
Sozialwissenschaften Pädagogik Vorschulpädagogik
Sozialwissenschaften Politik / Verwaltung
Schlagworte Children agency in Hong Kong • children's critical thinking • concept of childhood • Confucian heritage cultures • educational programme critical thinking • Karl Popper • Matthew Lipman • Philosophy for Children • Popperian theory education • promoting open society
ISBN-10 981-4451-06-1 / 9814451061
ISBN-13 978-981-4451-06-2 / 9789814451062
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