The Rule of Law in Comparative Perspective (eBook)

Mortimer Sellers, Tadeusz Tomaszewski (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2010 | 2010
XII, 253 Seiten
Springer Netherland (Verlag)
978-90-481-3749-7 (ISBN)

Infos

This volume compares the different conceptions of the rule of law that have developed in different legal cultures. It describes the social purposes and practical applications of the rule of law and how it might be improved in the varied circumstances.

Inhalt

Preface 8
Contents 10
Contributors 12
1 An Introduction to the Rule of Law in Comparative Perspective 14
2 The Rule of Law in Ancient Greek Thought 23
2.1 The Law of Gortyn 23
2.2 Demosthenes 24
2.3 Plato Republic 25
2.4 Plato Statesman 25
2.5 Plato Laws 26
2.6 Aristotle Politics 27
2.7 Conclusion 29
3 The Liberal State and Criminal Law Reform in Spain 31
3.1 Codification Versus Compilation 31
3.2 Constitutionalism, Liberalism, and Reform 35
3.2.1 The Rise of Enlightenment Political-Criminal Legal Thought in Europe and Spain 37
3.2.2 The Political Reforms of Liberalism and Their Consequences for Criminal Law 39
3.2.2.1 The Principle of Legality 40
3.2.2.2 The Principle of Proportionality Between Crime and Punishment 43
3.2.2.3 The Principle of the Individual Attribution of Punishments 44
3.2.2.4 The Process of the Abolition of Certain Punishments 46
3.2.2.5 The Abolition of Torture as a Means of Obtaining Evidence 50
4 Some Realism About Legal Certainty in the Globalization of the Rule of Law 53
4.1 Introduction 53
4.2 Legal Certainty is the International Basis of the Rule of Law 55
4.3 We Are all Realists Now is the American Credo 57
4.4 Legal Certainty is the Leitmotif for Legal Methods 61
4.4.1 Lawmaking 62
4.4.2 Law Finding and Judicial Lawmaking 64
4.4.3 Law Applying 64
4.5 Conclusion: Dealing with Each Other 66
5 Is Goal-Based Regulation Consistent with the Rule of Law? 68
5.1 Introduction 68
5.2 Classical Legislation and Its Disadvantages 69
5.3 Goal-Based Regulation 70
5.4 Rule of Law and the Function of Legislation 71
5.5 Opportunities and Threats 72
5.5.1 Legal Certainty 72
5.5.2 Democratically Legitimised Balancing of Interests 74
5.5.3 Equality Before the Law 74
5.6 Possible Solutions 75
5.6.1 Legal Certainty 75
5.6.2 Balancing of Interests and Equality Before the Law 77
5.7 Conclusion 78
5.8 Reports 79
Parliamentary Papers 80
6 Reflections on Shakespeare and the Rule of Law 81
6.1 The Rule of Law and the Prince 83
6.2 The Bar 86
7 Americas Constitutional Rule of Law: Structure and Symbol 98
7.1 Introduction 98
7.2 Structure and Procedure 101
7.3 Symbol 105
7.4 Conclusion 108
8 Constitutions Without Constitutionalism: The Failure of Constitutionalism in Brazil 109
8.1 First Considerations 109
8.2 Constitution without Constitutionalism 110
8.3 Periods of Brazilian Constitutional History 113
8.3.1 The First Constitutional Period 114
8.3.1.1 The Brazilian Empire (1822--1889) 114
8.3.2 The Second Constitutional Period 121
8.3.2.1 The First Republic (1889--1930) 121
8.3.3 The Third Constitutional Period 125
8.3.3.1 The 1930 --Revolution-- and the Constitution of 1934 (1930--1937) 125
8.3.4 The Fourth Constitutional Period 127
8.3.4.1 President Vargas-- --Estado Novo-- (1937--1945) 127
8.3.5 The Fifth Constitutional Period 129
8.3.5.1 The Democratic Experiment (1945--1964) 129
8.3.6 The Sixth Constitutional Period 138
8.3.6.1 The Military Regime (1964--1985) 138
8.3.7 The Seventh Constitutional Period 144
8.3.7.1 The Constitution of 1988 144
8.4 Final Considerations 153
9 Rule of Law, Power Distribution, and the Problem of Faction in Conflict Interventions 154
9.1 The Nature of Post-conflict Rule of Law 154
9.2 Rulebook vs. Power-Distribution Concepts 156
9.3 The Problem of Faction 161
9.3.1 Classical Solutions 161
9.4 Dealing with Factions in the Post-conflict 164
9.5 Excluding and Converting Factions 168
9.6 Factions and the Ecology of Power 171
9.7 Reconciling Factions with Inclusiveness? 175
9.8 Conclusion 181
10 The Rule of Law in Transitional Justice: The Fujimori Trial in Peru 183
10.1 Introduction 183
10.2 How the Rule of Law Breaks Down 185
10.3 Self-Coup: Dismantling the Rule of Law in the Name of True Democracy 187
10.4 Legal Grey Holes: The Veneer of Legality in the Name of Authoritarian Rule 189
10.4.1 Constrained Legislative Branch 189
10.4.2 Draconian Anti-Terrorist Laws 190
10.4.3 A Co-opted Judiciary to Ensure Impunity of Specialized Executioners in a War on Terror 192
10.4.4 Manipulation of Public Opinion and Creating a Culture of Fear 194
10.5 States of Emergency: Balancing National Security with Human Rights 197
10.6 Downfall and Flight: The Beginning of the End 199
10.7 Setting the Stage for Accountability: The Peruvian Truth and Reconciliation Commission 200
10.8 Delayed Justice 201
10.9 Upholding the Rule of Law: Holding Heads of State Accountable for Human Rights Violations 202
10.10 Opportunities and Challenges: Strengthening the Institution of the Rule of Law 204
11 The Interaction of Customary Law with the Modern Rule of Law in Albania and Kosova 207
11.1 The Kanun as a Part of Wider Balkan Culture 209
11.2 The Origin and Name of the Kanun (Canon) 209
11.3 Kanun and Its Link with Lek Dukagjini 213
11.4 Kanun and Other Bodies of Albanian Customary Law 216
11.5 The Most Salient Features of the Canon of Lek Dukagjini 217
11.5.1 Kanuni and Blood Revenge 217
11.5.2 Kanuni and Family 219
11.5.3 Kanuni and Besa 220
11.6 Conclusion 221
12 Dualism, Domestic Courts, and the Rule of International Law 222
12.1 Part I. Dualism and the Challenge of Severed Spheres 224
12.2 Part II. The Emerging Spectrum of Internationalisation 227
12.2.1 ''Super-Internationalist'': South Africa 227
12.2.2 ''Internationalist'': The United Kingdom 230
12.2.3 "Á la carte internationalist': Ireland'' 233
12.2.4 ''Anti-internationalist'': Sri Lanka 236
12.3 Part III. Theorising the Spectrum of Internationalisation in Common Law 239
12.3.1 Perceptions of the Nature of International Law 239
12.3.2 Perceptions of the Place of International Law Within the Rule of Law 241
12.3.3 Perceptions of the Role of the Domestic Courts in Enforcing International Obligations 243
12.3.4 The Existence of an Internationalised Legal Culture 245
12.3.5 Attitudes Towards Long-Standing Domestic Practice in Sensitive Areas 246
12.4 Conclusion 247
Index 249

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 23.7.2010
• Reihe/Serie: Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice
• Reihe/Serie: Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice
• Zusatzinfo: XII, 253 p.
• Verlagsort: Dordrecht
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► EU / Internationales Recht
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Öffentliches Recht ► Verfassungsrecht
• Schlagworte: comparative law • Conceptions of the rule of law • Justice • Law • Legal culture • Legal cultures • Legal systems • legal theory • Practical applications of the rule of law • Rule of Law
• ISBN-10: 90-481-3749-7 / 9048137497
• ISBN-13: 978-90-481-3749-7 / 9789048137497