Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines (eBook)

D.L. Harrington, M.-C. Lai, F. Zhao (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF | EPUB

2000 | 1. Auflage
128 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-055279-8 (ISBN)

Infos

The process of fuel injection, spray atomization and vaporization, charge cooling, mixture preparation and the control of in-cylinder air motion are all being actively researched and this work is reviewed in detail and analyzed.

The new technologies such as high-pressure, common-rail, gasoline injection systems and swirl-atomizing gasoline fuel injections are discussed in detail, as these technologies, along with computer control capabilities, have enabled the current new examination of an old objective, the direct-injection, stratified-charge (DISC), gasoline engine. The prior work on DISC engines that is relevant to current GDI engine development is also reviewed and discussed.

The fuel economy and emission data for actual engine configurations have been obtained and assembled for all of the available GDI literature, and are reviewed and discussed in detail. The types of GDI engines are arranged in four classifications of decreasing complexity, and the advantages and disadvantages of each class are noted and explained. Emphasis is placed upon consensus trends and conclusions that are evident when taken as a whole, thus the GDI researcher is informed regarding the degree to which engine volumetric efficiency and compression ratio can be increased under optimized conditions, and as to the extent to which unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), NOx and particulate emissions can be minimized for specific combustion strategies. The critical area of GDI fuel injector deposits and the associated effect on spray geometry and engine performance degradation are reviewed, and important system guidelines for minimizing deposition rates and deposit effects are presented. The capabilities and limitations of emission control techniques and after treatment hardware are reviewed in depth, and a compilation and discussion of areas of consensus on attaining European, Japanese and North American emission standards presented.

All known research, prototype and production GDI engines worldwide are reviewed as to performance, emissions and fuel economy advantages, and for areas requiring further development. The engine schematics, control diagrams and specifications are compiled, and the emission control strategies are illustrated and discussed. The influence of lean-NOx catalysts on the development of late-injection, stratified-charge GDI engines is reviewed, and the relative merits of lean-burn, homogeneous, direct-injection engines as an option requiring less control complexity are analyzed.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Automotive spark-ignited direct-injection gasoline engines 2
Copyright Page 3
Contents 5
Nomenclature 6
Chapter 1. Introduction 7
1.1. Overview 7
1.2. Key potential benefits: GDI engine versus PFI engine 8
Chapter 2. Direct-injection gasoline fuel system 11
2.1. Fuel system requirements 11
2.2. Fuel injector considerations 13
2.3. Fuel spray characteristics 19
Chapter 3. Combustion chamber geometry and in-cylinder mixture dynamics 37
3.1. Flow structure 37
3.2. Fuel – air mixing 43
Chapter 4. Combustion process and control strategies 52
4.1. Combustion chamber geometry 52
4.2. In-cylinder charge cooling 61
4.3. Engine operating modes and fuel injection strategies 62
4.4. Combustion characteristics 68
4.5. Injector deposit issues 74
Chapter 5. Fuel economy and emissions 79
5.1. Fuel economy potential 79
5.2. Emissions versus fuel economy compromise 83
Chapter 6. Specific combustion systems and control strategies 99
6.1. Early research engines 99
6.2. Mitsubishi combustion system 103
6.3. Toyota combustion system 106
6.4. Nissan combustion system 108
6.5. Ford combustion system 110
6.6. Isuzu combustion system 110
6.7. Mercedes-Benz combustion system 111
6.8. Mazda combustion system 111
6.9. Audi combustion system 112
6.10. Honda combustion system 112
6.11. Subaru combustion system 113
6.12. Fiat combustion system 113
6.13. Renault combustion system 114
6.14. Ricardo combustion system 115
6.15. AVL combustion system 115
6.16. FEV combustion system 117
6.17. Orbital combustion system 119
Chapter 7. Conclusion 119
References 119

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 8.2.2000
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bauwesen
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Fahrzeugbau / Schiffbau
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• ISBN-10: 0-08-055279-X / 008055279X
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-055279-8 / 9780080552798