Biofuels (eBook)

Securing the Planet's Future Energy Needs

Ayhan Demirbas (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2008 | 2009
X, 336 Seiten
Springer London (Verlag)
978-1-84882-011-1 (ISBN)

Infos

Biofuel is a renewable energy source produced from natural materials. The benefits of biofuels over traditional petroleum fuels include greater energy security, reduced environmental impact, foreign exchange savings, and socioeconomic issues related to the rural sector. The most common biofuels are produced from classic food crops that require high-quality agricultural land for growth. However, bioethanol can be produced from plentiful, domestic, cellulosic biomass resources such as herbaceous and woody plants, agricultural and forestry residues, and a large portion of municipal and industrial solid waste streams. There is also a growing interest in the use of vegetable oils for making biodiesel. 'Biofuels: Securing the Planet's Future Energy Needs' discusses the production of transportation fuels from biomass (such as wood, straw and even household waste) by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The book is an important text for students and researchers in energy engineering, as well as professional fuel engineers.

Ayhan Demirbas is a full professor at Sila Science and Energy. He was a Professor in Energy Technologies Science at Karadeniz Technical University between 1991 and 2001, and at Selcuk University from 2003 to 2007. His research is mainly concerned with renewable and sustainable energy.

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Biofuel is a renewable energy source produced from natural (biobased) materials, which can be used as a substitute for petroleum fuels. The benefits of biofuels over traditional fuels include greater energy security, reduced environmental impact, foreign exchange savings, and socioeconomic issues related to the rural sector. Furthermore, biofuel technology is relevant to both developing and industrialized countries. For these reasons, the share of biofuels in the automotive fuel market is expected to grow rapidly over the next decade.The most common biofuels, such as ethanol from corn, wheat or sugar beet and biodiesel from oil seeds, are produced from classic food crops that require high-quality agricultural land for growth. However, bioethanol is a petrol additive/substitute that can be produced from plentiful, domestic, cellulosic biomass resources such as herbaceous and woody plants, agricultural and forestry residues, and a large portion of municipal and industrial solid waste streams. Production of bioethanol from biomass is one way to reduce both the consumption of crude oil and environmental pollution. There is also a growing interest in the use of vegetable oils for making biodiesel, which is less polluting than conventional petroleum diesel fuel.Biofuels: Securing the Planet's Future Energy Needs discusses the production of transportation fuels from biomass (such as wood, straw and even household waste) by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The book is an important text for undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers in energy engineering, as well as professional fuel engineers.

Inhalt

Preface 5
Contents 7
Introduction 11
1.1 Introduction to Energy Sources 11
1.2 Short Supply of Fossil Fuels 14
1.3 Introduction to Renewable and Biorenewable Sources 28
References 53
Biomass Feedstocks 55
2.1 Introduction to Biomass Feedstocks 55
2.2 Biomass Characterization 68
2.3 Biomass Fuel Analyses 71
2.4 Biomass Optimization and Valorization 75
References 91
Biofuels 96
3.1 Introduction to Biofuels 96
References 108
Biorenewable Liquid Fuels 111
4.1 Introduction to Biorenewable Liquid Fuels 111
4.2 Bioalcohols 113
4.3 Bioethanol 116
4.4 Biomethanol 130
4.5 Vegetable Oils 134
4.6 Biodiesel 164
4.7 Bio-oils from Biorenewables 219
4.8 Other Alternate Liquid Fuels 225
References 231
Biorenewable Gaseous Fuels 239
5.1 Introduction to Biorenewable Gaseous Fuels 239
5.2 Biogas 240
5.3 Landfill Gas 253
5.4 Crude Gases from Pyrolysis and Gasification of Biomass 256
5.5 Biohydrogen from Biorenewable Feedstocks 257
5.6 Gaseous Fuels from Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis of Biomass 263
References 265
Thermochemical Conversion Processes 269
6.1 Introduction to Thermochemical Conversion Processes 269
6.2 Thermal Decomposition Mechanisms of Biorenewables 272
6.3 Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biorenewable Feedstocks 274
6.4 Direct Combustion of Biomass 279
6.5 Direct Liquefaction 283
6.6 Pyrolysis Processes 285
6.7 Gasification Research and Development 291
References 310
Biofuel Economy 313
7.1 Introduction to Biofuel Economy 313
7.2 Biofuel Economy 315
References 324
Biofuel Policy 327
8.1 Introduction to Biofuel Policy 327
8.2 Biofuel Policy 328
8.3 Global Biofuel Projections 333
References 336
Index 338

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 14.11.2008
• Reihe/Serie: Green Energy and Technology
• Zusatzinfo: X, 336 p.
• Verlagsort: London
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
• Schlagworte: Alternative Fuels • biochemical engineering • biodiesel • bioenergy • Bioethanol • biofuel • Biofuels • biomass • Bio-oil • corn • Diesel • fuel • fuels • Gasification • Gasoline • Petroleum substitute • Pyrolysis • renewable energy • Wheat • Wood
• ISBN-10: 1-84882-011-9 / 1848820119
• ISBN-13: 978-1-84882-011-1 / 9781848820111