Urban Horticulture (eBook)

Sustainability for the Future

Dilip Nandwani (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2018 | 1. Auflage
249 Seiten
Springer-Verlag
978-3-319-67017-1 (ISBN)

Infos

This book provides comprehensive information on the rapidly developing field of urban horticulture for sustainable use of land resources and creating a better environment. It presents peer-reviewed chapters from leading international researchers in the field of horticulture technologies, environmental issues, urban horticulture, and landscaping and its role in society. It covers a wide array of topics on this subject and constitutes a valuable reference guide for students, professors, researchers, builders, and agriculturists concerned with urban horticulture, city planning, biodiversity, and the sustainable development of horticultural resources.

Urban horticultural technologies facilitate the efficient use of available land in urban and residential areas, helping meet the demand for fresh fruits and vegetables to feed ever-growing urban populations. The amount of green space in urban areas is dwindling due to rising land prices, while the climbing numbers ofmulti-story buildings are producing various environmental and health issues. Technological advances provide tools and techniques for high-density and vertical cropping in small areas, promoting efficient and sustainable resource utilization. As such, urban horticulture is gaining importance in city planning – not only to bolster the food supply but also to improve the aesthetic value, environmental conditions, landscape, and business environment, while also reducing the consumption of fossil fuel in transportation.

Inhalt

Foreword 6
Bringing Innovation in Urban Agriculture in the Twenty-first Century 6
Acknowledgements 8
Contents 9
Editor and Contributors 11
Abbreviations 15
Urban Horticulture Tools and Techniques 16
1 Urban Horticulture: Overview of Recent Developments 17
1.1 What Is Urban Horticulture? 17
1.2 Urbanization and Urban Communities 21
1.3 Tools and Techniques of Urban Horticulture 23
1.3.1 Tools of Urban Horticulture 23
1.4 Urban Agricultural Structures in Modern Times 25
1.4.1 Vertical Farming 26
1.4.2 Hydroponics 29
1.4.3 Aeroponics 31
1.4.4 Aquaponics 32
1.5 TSU Organic Vertical System Studies 34
1.5.1 Organic Certification 35
1.5.2 Economic Analysis of Vertical Farming 36
1.5.3 Benefits of Vertical Farming 36
1.5.4 Challenges in Vertical Farming 37
1.6 Recommendations 38
1.7 Conclusion 39
1.8 Further Studies 39
References 39
2 Sustainability of Living Wall Systems Through An Ecosystem Services Lens 44
2.1 Introduction 45
2.2 Living Wall Systems 45
2.2.1 Classification and Definition 45
2.2.2 Plants 49
2.2.3 Layers, Materials, and Devices 50
2.2.4 Design, Maintenance, and Cost 53
2.3 LWS and Ecosystem Services 53
2.3.1 Provisioning Services 54
2.3.2 Regulating Services 56
2.3.3 Cultural Services 59
2.4 Conclusions and Perspectives 61
References 62
3 Improving the Metabolism and Sustainability of Buildings and Cities Through Integrated Rooftop Greenhouses (i-RTG) 65
3.1 Introduction 66
3.2 Scope of the Project 69
3.3 System Under Study: The ICTA-ICP Building and the i-RTG 70
3.4 Methodological Framework 71
3.5 Characterization of the System 71
3.5.1 Infrastructure: i-RTG Requirements 71
3.5.2 Food Production System 73
3.5.3 Assessment of Resources (Nutrients) and Water Flows 74
3.5.4 Assessment of Energy Flows 75
3.5.5 Managing CO2 Emissions 76
3.5.6 Assessment of the Biomass Production 77
3.6 Environmental and Economic Studies 78
3.6.1 Environmental Impacts of i-RTG Systems 78
3.6.2 Economic Costs of i-RTGs 79
3.7 Social Studies on the i-RTG Implementation at the Urban Scale 79
3.8 Towards the Integration of i-RTGs in Urban Planning 80
3.9 Conclusions 81
References 82
4 Urban Home Gardens: A Sustainable Conservation Model for Local Plants Based on Mexican Urban Agri-Horticultural Practices 85
4.1 Introduction 86
4.2 Size of Peri-urban Versus Rural Home Gardens 87
4.3 Importance of Plants Present in Home Gardens in Peri-urban and Urban Areas 88
4.4 Model of Urban Home Gardens in Mexico 90
4.5 School Home Gardens in Mexico 90
4.6 Case Study of a Comparison of Peri-urban Versus Rural Home Gardens in Campeche, Mexico 92
4.7 Conclusion 98
References 98
Urban Landscaping and Design 101
5 Toward the Creation of Urban Foodscapes: Case Studies of Successful Urban Agriculture Projects for Income Generation, Food Security, and Social Cohesion 102
5.1 Introduction 103
5.2 Economy of the Foodscape: Community Gardening Using Simplified Soilless Systems in the Suburbs of Teresina, Piaui, Brazil 105
5.3 Health in the Urban Agricultural Foodscape: Assessing Relationships Between Food Security and Obesity in a Low-Income Population at the New Haven Farms 108
5.4 Community Building in the Foodscape: Rooftop Community Gardening in Bologna, Italy 111
5.5 Discussion 113
5.6 Conclusion 115
References 116
6 Smart Precision Lighting for Urban and Landscape Closed Controlled Horticultural Environments 118
6.1 Introduction 119
6.2 Closed Controlled Horticultural Environments Requirements for Lighting 121
6.2.1 Functional Requirements 123
6.2.2 Practical Requirements 124
6.2.3 Electrical Requirements 125
6.2.4 Economical Requirements 126
6.2.5 The Technological Context of Artificial Lighting Applications in Horticulture 126
6.3 Novel Lighting Sources 127
6.3.1 Traditional Lighting Solutions 127
6.3.2 Technological Challenges in Lighting Sources 129
6.3.3 Existing LED-Based Applications in Horticulture Today 130
6.3.4 Design Advantages for the Smart Precision Lighting in Horticulture 132
6.4 Networked Lighting Fixtures 137
6.4.1 Energy Management Approaches 138
6.4.2 Technologies for Interconnected Lighting Devices 141
6.4.3 Current Commercial Solutions for Artificial Lighting in Horticulture 142
6.4.4 Towards the Networked Clusters of Lighting Devices 143
6.5 The Integration of Intelligence Towards Smart Precision Lighting 145
6.5.1 Sensors for Smart Precision Lighting 145
6.5.2 Controls in Artificial Lighting Applications in Horticultural Domain 146
6.5.3 Integration of Lighting Systems into Automation Control Systems 147
6.6 Conclusions 148
References 149
7 Edible Landscaping in Urban Horticulture 152
7.1 Introduction 152
7.2 Why We Need Edible Ornamental in Urban Landscaping? 153
7.2.1 Economic 153
7.2.2 Environmental 154
7.2.3 Social 154
7.3 Edible Landscape Designs 155
7.3.1 Vegetable Gardens 157
7.3.2 Edibles Integration in Ornamental 158
7.3.3 Edible Woody Landscapes 158
7.4 Alternative of Typical Landscape Plant Categories 160
7.4.1 Ground Covers 160
7.4.2 Annual and Perennial 161
7.4.3 Shrubs 166
7.4.4 Trees 169
7.4.5 Palms 176
7.4.6 Cacti 179
7.4.7 Aquatic and Semi Aquatic Plants 180
7.4.8 Vines 182
References 183
8 Urban Landscaping in the Arid Zone 185
8.1 The Basics 186
8.2 Preparation for Plantation 187
8.3 Species for Landscaping 187
8.4 Designing Landscapes 188
8.5 Ornamental Trees 190
8.6 Ornamental Shrubs 191
8.7 Suitable Plants for Hedges 192
8.8 Creepers/Climbers 192
8.9 Shade-Loving Plants for Indoors/Covered Areas Outside 193
8.10 Bulbous Plants 194
8.11 Palms 197
8.12 Bougainvilleas Varieties 199
8.13 Cacti and Succulents 200
8.14 Conclusion 201
References 217
Local Food and Horticulture Education 218
9 Urban Agriculture as a Tool for Horticultural Education and Youth Development 219
9.1 Introduction 220
9.2 History of School Gardens 221
9.3 Benefits Garden-Enhanced Learning 222
9.3.1 Science and Academic Achievement 223
9.3.2 Nutrition and Health 225
9.3.3 Environmental Awareness 228
9.3.4 Personal and Social Development 228
9.3.5 Leadership Development and Skill Building 230
9.4 Case Studies 231
9.4.1 Bruce Vento Elementary School Garden 232
9.4.2 Freeport High School Student Farm and Orchard 233
9.4.3 Growing Good at the MN Landscape Arboretum 234
9.5 Summary 236
References 237
10 The Role of Urban Horticulture in the Sustainable Agri-Food Movement 241
References 252
Index 254

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 19.5.2018
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie
• Themenwelt: Sozialwissenschaften ► Soziologie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Architektur
• ISBN-10: 3-319-67017-4 / 3319670174
• ISBN-13: 978-3-319-67017-1 / 9783319670171