The International Handbook of Suicide Prevention (eBook)

Rory C. O'Connor, Jane Pirkis (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2016 | 2. Auflage
John Wiley & Sons (Verlag)
978-1-118-90323-0 (ISBN)

Infos

The International Handbook of Suicide Prevention, 2nd Edition, presents a series of readings that consider the individual and societal factors that lead to suicide, it addresses ways these factors may be mitigated, and presents the most up-to-date evidence for effective suicide prevention approaches. 

• An updated reference that shows why effective suicide prevention can only be achieved by understanding the many reasons why people choose to end their lives
• Gathers together contributions from more than 100 of the world's leading authorities on suicidal behavior-many of them new to this edition
• Considers suicide from epidemiological, psychological, clinical, sociological, and neurobiological perspectives, providing a holistic understanding of the subject
• Describes the most up-to-date, evidence-based research and practice from across the globe, and explores its implications across countries, cultures, and the lifespan

Rory O'Connor is Professor of Health Psychology at the University of Glasgow and Past President of the International Academy of Suicide Research. O'Connor leads the Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory at Glasgow, one of the leading suicide and self-harm research groups in the UK. He has published extensively in the field of suicide and self-harm, and is also Deputy Chief Editor of Archives of Suicide Research, an Associate Editor of Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, and a member of the editorial board of Crisis.

Jane Pirkis is the Director of the Centre for Mental Health in the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health at the University of Melbourne, and General Secretary of the International Association for Suicide Prevention. She has published extensively on suicide and its prevention.

Inhalt

Title Page 5
Copyright Page 6
Contents 9
Notes on Contributors 13
Introduction 23
Part I Suicidal Determinants and Frameworks 31
Chapter 1 Challenges to Defining and Classifying Suicide and Suicidal Behaviors 33
Introduction 33
Challenges to Developing and Implementing a Standardized Nomenclature and Classification System 35
Clarifying Terminology 36
Terminology in Suicide Classification Systems 37
Examples of Definitional Obfuscation 40
Relevance to the General Population’s Understanding and use of Terminology 46
The Need for Sensitivity and Consistency 46
Recent Efforts to Clarify Suicidal Behaviors 47
Key Questions 49
Future Directions 50
Conclusions 51
References 53
Chapter 2 International Perspectives on the Epidemiology and Etiology of Suicide and Self-Harm 58
Introduction 58
Suicide 58
Self-Harm 69
Conclusion 75
References 75
Chapter 3 Self-Harm: Extent of the Problem and Prediction of Repetition 83
Introduction 83
Extent of the Problem of Self-Harm and Repetition 84
Prediction of Repeated Self-Harm Across the Lifespan 86
Gender Differences 88
Ethnicity 89
Assessment of Risk of Repeated Self-Harm 89
Conclusions 91
References 91
Chapter 4 Major Mood Disorders and Suicidal Behavior 96
Introduction 96
Suicidal Behavior in People With Mood Disorders 97
Clinically Detectable Suicide Risk Factors in People With Mood Disorders 99
Suicide Protective Factors in People With Mood Disorders 104
Key Achievements in Suicide Prevention: Interventions to Decrease Suicide in Patients With Mood Disorders 105
Challenges for the Future 107
Conclusions 107
Key Resources 108
References 108
Chapter 5 Schizophrenia, Other Psychotic Disorders, and Suicidal Behavior 115
Introduction 115
Suicide in Psychotic Disorders 116
The Risk of Suicide in Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders 116
Relationship with Other Suicide and Sociodemographic Characteristics 118
Characteristics of Psychotic Illness in Suicide 119
Insight into Psychotic Illness 120
Psychopathology, Personality Traits, and Family History of Suicidal Behavior 121
Treatment of Chronic Psychotic Disorders: Implications for Suicide Risk 123
Conclusions 126
Key Resources 126
References 127
Chapter 6 Substance Use Disorders and Suicidal Behavior: A Conceptual Model 132
Introduction 132
Terms Used Throughout 132
Conceptual Model of Risk for Suicidal Behavior Among Individuals With SUDs 133
Evidence for the Conceptual Model: Research Showing that Individuals with SUDs are at Elevated Risk 134
Evidence for the Conceptual Model: Distal Risk Factors for Suicidal Behavior Among Individuals With SUDs 136
Evidence for the Conceptual Model: Proximal Risk Factors Among Individuals With SUDs 138
Future Directions 139
Key Resources 141
References 142
Chapter 7 Personality Disorders and Suicidality 146
Introduction 146
The Management of Suicidality in Borderline Personality Disorder 148
Conclusions and Implications for Practice 150
Key Resources 151
References 151
Chapter 8 The Association Between Physical Illness/Medical Conditions and Suicide Risk 155
Introduction 155
Multiple Sclerosis 156
Epilepsy 157
Huntington’s Disease 158
Cancer 159
HIV 161
End-Stage Kidney Disease 162
Diabetes Mellitus 163
Stroke 164
Conclusions 165
References 166
Chapter 9 Relationships of Genes and Early-Life Experience to the Neurobiology of Suicidal Behavior 171
Introduction 171
Biological Alterations in Suicidal Behavior 171
Stress-Response Systems 173
Neural Circuitry of Suicidal Behavior 175
Developmental Factors Related to the Neurobiology of Suicide 175
Genes and Suicidal Behavior 177
Genes and Early-Life Environment Interaction 179
Key Questions and Challenges for the Future 180
Conclusion 181
Acknowledgments 181
Key Resources 181
References 182
Chapter 10 Understanding the Suicidal Brain: A Review of Neuropsychological Studies of Suicidal Ideation and Behavior 192
Introduction 192
Neuropsychological Studies of Suicidal Ideation and Behavior 193
Discussion 200
Conclusions 204
References 205
Chapter 11 Visualizing the Suicidal Brain: Neuroimaging and Suicide Prevention 210
Introduction 210
Brain Imaging Findings in Suicide Attempters 211
Discussion 221
Neuroimaging and Suicide Prevention 222
Challenges and Future Considerations 223
Conclusion 224
Key Resources 224
References 224
Chapter 12 Present Status and Future Prospects of the Interpersonal–Psychological Theory of Suicidal Behavior 228
Introduction 228
Key Concepts 230
Main Predictions 231
Future Directions 234
Conclusion 237
Key Resources 237
References 238
Chapter 13 The Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of Suicidal Behavior: An Update 242
Introduction 242
Brief Overview of Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of Suicidal Behavior 244
Conceptual and Empirical Rationale for IMV Model 245
Implications of the IMV Model for Research, Policy, and Practice 255
Conclusions 256
Key Resources 256
References 257
Chapter 14 Sociological Perspectives on Suicide: A Review and Analysis of Marital and Religious Integration 263
Marital Integration and the Prevention of Suicide: A Review 263
An Empirical Study of Marriage, Religion, and Suicide: Analysis of an Integrated Model of Suicide Prevention 268
Results 271
Discussion 273
References 275
Chapter 15 Inequalities and Suicidal Behavior 280
Introduction 280
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Suicide: The Evidence 281
Empirical Investigation of Socioeconomic Inequalities in Suicide in Scotland 290
Discussion 295
Conclusion 300
Key Resources 300
References 301
Chapter 16 Economic Recession, Unemployment, and Suicide 306
Introduction 306
Epidemiological Evidence 306
Evidence of the Causal Nature of the Association Between Economic Recession and Suicide 311
Age- and Sex-Specific Effects 312
Mechanisms to Explain the Rise in Suicide During Recessions 312
Interventions to Offset the Impact of Recession on Suicide 314
What Research Issues Remain Unanswered? 316
What Are the Key Achievements in Suicide Prevention Within This Area? 317
Conclusions 318
Key Resources 318
References 319
Part II Intervention, Treatment, and Care 323
Chapter 17 Evidence-Based Prevention and Treatment of Suicidal Behavior in Children and Adolescents 325
Introduction 325
Understanding Effective Prevention Through Changes in the Epidemiology of Youth Suicide 326
Risk Factors for Suicidal Behavior as Targets of Prevention and Treatment 327
Assessment 331
Suicide Prevention in Children and Adolescents 332
Conclusions 338
References 338
Chapter 18 Prevention and Treatment of Suicidality in Older Adults 345
Introduction 345
Peculiarities of Suicidal Behavior in Older Age 345
Epidemiological Trends 346
Risk Factors for Suicide Among Older Adults 349
Treatment of Suicidality Among Older Adults 352
Conclusions 360
Key Resources 361
References 361
Chapter 19 Therapeutic Alliance and the Therapist 368
Introduction 368
Problems in the Communication of Suicidal Intent 368
Patient-Oriented Versus Physician-Oriented Approach 370
Therapeutic Assessment of Suicide Risk 370
Therapeutic Alliance: Some Basics 371
Therapeutic Alliance with the Suicidal Patient 372
Therapeutic Alliance in Treatments for Suicidality 373
Understanding Suicide as Goal-Directed Behavior 375
Where the Truth Lies: The Patients’ Stories 375
The Provision of a Secure Base: Long-Term Anchoring 377
Conclusion 377
Key Resources 377
References 379
Chapter 20 Clinical Care of Self-Harm Patients: An Evidence-Based Approach 384
Introduction 384
What Can Be Learned From Studies of Service Users’ Attitudes Toward Self-Harm Services? 385
What Can Be Learned From Studies of Staff Attitudes to Self-Harm Patients? 389
What Do We Know About Effectiveness of Psychosocial and Physical Interventions for Self-Harm Patients? 393
What Do We Know About Variations Between Services for Self-Harm Patients? 396
What Can One Conclude From the Current Evidence About the Most Effective Design and Activities of a Service for Self-Harm Patients? 397
Further Developments 401
Conclusions 401
Key Resources 402
References 402
Chapter 21 After the Suicide Attempt—The Need for Continuity and Quality of Care 409
Introduction 409
The Magnitude of the Problem 410
Follow-Up Treatments for People Who Make a Suicide Attempt 412
Recommended Standards of Care and Aftercare After a Suicide Attempt 413
Adherence to Recommended Treatment Standards 414
The Norwegian Chain-of-Care Model 415
Conclusions and Recommendations for Policy and Clinical Practice 418
Key Resources 420
References 420
Chapter 22 Management of Suicidal Risk in Emergency Departments: A Clinical Perspective 425
Introduction 425
Why Is the Emergency Department an Important Setting for Suicide Prevention? 426
Why the Traditional Approach to Risk Management in Suicidal Patients is Unhelpful and Alternative Approaches to Managing Suicidal People in the Emergency Department are Required 428
Key Achievements 434
Conclusion 435
Key Resources 435
References 435
Chapter 23 Treating the Suicidal Patient: Cognitive Therapy and Dialectical Behavior Therapy 438
Introduction 438
Cognitive Therapy 439
Dialectical Behavior Therapy 445
Comparison of CT and DBT for Suicide Prevention 449
Conclusions and Recommendations for Future Research 450
Key Resources 450
References 451
Chapter 24 Lessons Learned from Clinical Trials of the Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS) 453
CAMS Overview 453
CAMS Therapeutic Philosophy 454
The CAMS Therapeutic Framework: Collaborative SSF Assessment 456
The CAMS Therapeutic Framework: Collaborative SSF Treatment Planning 457
Clinical Studies and Trials of the SSF and CAMS 462
Current RCTs of CAMS 465
Key Next Steps for CAMS 466
Conclusion 468
Key Resources 468
References 469
Chapter 25 Modes of Mind and Suicidal Processes 472
Introduction 472
Background 473
Empirical Evidence 474
Can Mindfulness Help? 480
The Effect of Mindfulness Training on Self-Discrepancy 481
Conclusion 482
Key Resources 483
References 484
Chapter 26 Brief Contact Interventions: Current Evidence and Future Research Directions 488
Introduction 488
What is a Brief Contact Intervention? 489
Content of BCIS 490
Evidence of Effectiveness From Reviews 491
Continuing Questions and Areas for Future Research 493
Conclusion 496
Key Resources 497
References 498
Chapter 27 Delivering Online Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Interventions to Reduce Suicide Risk 502
Introduction 502
Studies Targeting Depression With Suicide Ideation as Treatment Outcome 503
Study Targeting Suicidal Ideation: Living Under Control 504
Rationale 504
Effectiveness 507
Conclusion 509
Key Resources 509
References 510
Chapter 28 Helplines, Tele-Web Support Services, and Suicide Prevention 512
Introduction 512
Conceptualization of Helplines and Tele-Web Support Services 513
Empirical Evidence 516
Discussion: Challenges and Future Directions 520
Conclusions 523
References 524
Part III Suicide Prevention: Bringing Together Evidence, Policy, and Practice 527
Chapter 29 Suicide Prevention in Low- and Middle-Income Countries 529
Introduction 529
Epidemiology of Suicide in LMICs 529
Risk and Protective Factors in LMICs 534
Prevention Efforts in LMICs 536
Preventing Suicides in LMICs 537
Evidence Gap and the Way Forward 542
Conclusion 542
Acknowledgments 542
References 542
Chapter 30 Suicide in Asia: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention 546
Setting the Context 546
The Challenge of Suicide Prevention in Asia 554
Conclusions 557
Key Resources 558
References 558
Chapter 31 Cultural Factors in Suicide Prevention 563
Introduction 563
How Does Culture Influence Suicidal Behavior? 564
Conclusions 574
Key Resources 574
References 575
Chapter 32 Suicide Prevention Strategies: Case Studies from Across the Globe 578
Introduction 578
The Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention Model 578
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) Model 579
Suicide Prevention Programs and Actions Across the Globe 581
Dilemma of Evidence-Based Suicide Prevention 586
Conclusion 586
Key Resources 587
References 587
Chapter 33 Rurality and Suicide 591
Introduction 591
Suicide in Rural Areas 592
Themes in Rural Suicide Epidemiology 598
Achievements in Rural Suicide Prevention 601
Models of Rural Suicide 606
Key Questions for the Future 608
Conclusions 609
Key Resources 609
References 609
Chapter 34 Why Mental Illness is a Risk Factor for Suicide: Implications for Suicide Prevention 616
Model 1: Suicide and Mental Disorders have a Common Etiology 617
Model 2: Some Mental Disorders are Alternatives to Suicide 618
Model 3: Suicide is a Direct Consequence of Mental Disorders 618
Model 4: Suicide is the Result of the Consequences of Living With a Mental Disorder 619
Model 5: Suicide Results from Treatment: It is “Iatrogenic” or Related to Inadequate, Inappropriate, or Incomplete Treatment 620
Model 6: Combined Model with the Addition of the Crisis Situation 621
Why the Suicide Risk for Different Mental Disorders Varies During the Course of the Disorder 622
Prevention Activities for Persons With Mental Disorders 623
Conclusions 625
References 626
Chapter 35 Suicide Prevention Through Restricting Access to Suicide Means and Hotspots 631
Introduction 631
Rationale and Evidence 631
Cognitive Availability 632
Restricting Access to Suicidal Means and Hotspots in Suicide Prevention 633
Conclusion 648
Key Resources 648
References 649
Chapter 36 Reducing Suicide Without Affecting Underlying Mental Health: Theoretical Underpinnings and a Review of the Evidence Base Linking the Availability of Lethal Means and Suicide 659
Introduction 659
Why Means Matter 660
Principles Guiding This Review 664
Empirical Studies 665
Conclusion 676
Acknowledgments 677
Key Resources 677
References 677
Chapter 37 Surviving the Legacy of Suicide 685
Introduction 685
The Problem of Terminology 685
The Number of Suicide Survivors 686
The Trajectory of the Bereavement Process 687
Models of Bereavement After Suicide 689
Grief Complications of Those Bereaved by Suicide 690
Helping the Bereaved by Suicide 692
Symbols and Other Substitutes for Remembering the Deceased 694
End of the Bereavement 696
Caregivers and Professionals Who Lose a Client to Suicide 696
Conclusions 697
References 697
Chapter 38 Suicide Prevention Through Personal Experience 703
Introduction and Terminology 703
How Do You Measure the Impact of Personal Experience on Suicide Prevention? 703
Stigma: A Multifaceted Challenge 707
Impact of Experience-Based Programs 709
Peer Support Programs 710
Research Directions 711
Challenges and Personal Experience 712
Conclusion 713
Key Resources 713
References 714
Chapter 39 Time to Change Direction in Suicide Research 718
Introduction 718
A Critical Look at Current Mainstream Suicide Research 719
The Kind of Research the Field Now Needs (More of) 722
Conclusion 727
Key Resources 728
References 729
Chapter 40 Suicide Research Methods and Designs 732
Introduction 732
Methodological Considerations 733
Research Study Designs 735
Instruments and Informants 740
Conclusions and Suggestions for Future Research 743
Key Resources 744
References 744
Chapter 41 School-Based Suicide Prevention Programs 747
Introduction 747
Awareness and Education Curricula 748
Screening 751
Gatekeeper Training 752
Skills Training 755
Culturally Adapted Programs 758
Key Achievements in School-Based Suicide Prevention and Influence on the Evidence Base 759
Limitations of the Literature 759
Future Directions 760
Conclusion 761
Related Readings 761
Key Resources 761
References 761
Chapter 42 Media Influences on Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors 765
Suicide and Traditional Media 765
Suicide and Newer Media 769
Suggested Theoretical Underpinnings 773
Key Achievements 774
Key Challenges for the Future 774
Conclusions 775
Key Resources 775
References 775
Chapter 43 Suicide Clusters 780
Introduction 780
Definition of Suicide Clusters 780
Ways in Which Suicide Clusters Are Investigated 781
Clusters of Self-Harm and Suicide Attempts 782
Prevalence of, and Risk Factors for, Suicide Clusters 782
Mechanisms by Which Suicide Clusters Are Thought to Occur 784
The Role of the Internet and Social Media 786
Preventing and Managing Suicide Clusters 787
Key Questions and Future Challenges 790
Conclusions 792
Key Resources 792
References 792
Chapter 44 Making an Economic Case for Investing in Suicide Prevention: Quo Vadis? 797
Introduction 797
The Use of Economic Evidence in Health Policy Making 798
Question 1: Assessing the Cost of Not Taking Action 798
Question 2: Assessing the Costs of Taking Action 802
Question 3: Assessing Value for Money 803
Question 4: Incentivizing Investment in Suicide Prevention Actions 809
Conclusions: How Can the Economic Evidence Base Be Strengthened? 809
References 810
Index 813
EULA 846

Rezensionen

"This book is therefore of relevance to a wider range of users than those books which regard suicide purely as a mental health issue.... Libraries that found the first edition useful are strongly recommended to upgrade to this one."
--Martin Guha, Reference Reviews, 31(6)

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 14.9.2016
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Klinische Psychologie
• Schlagworte: Clinical psychology • Klinische Psychologie • Mental Health • Psychiatry • Psychologie • Psychology • Selbstmord • Suicide • suicide policy • Suicide Prevention • suicide research • Suizid
• ISBN-10: 1-118-90323-4 / 1118903234
• ISBN-13: 978-1-118-90323-0 / 9781118903230